{"product_id":"the-universal-enemy-9780804792370","title":"The Universal Enemy","description":"\u003cp\u003eNo contemporary figure is more demonized than the Islamist foreign fighter who wages jihad around the world. Spreading violence, disregarding national borders, and rejecting secular norms, so-called jihadists seem opposed to universalism itself. In a radical departure from conventional wisdom on the topic, \u003ci\u003eThe Universal Enemy\u003c\/i\u003e argues that transnational jihadists are engaged in their own form of universalism: these fighters struggle to realize an Islamist vision directed at all of humanity, transcending racial and cultural difference.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnthropologist and attorney Darryl Li reconceptualizes jihad as armed transnational solidarity under conditions of American empire, revisiting a pivotal moment after the Cold War when ethnic cleansing in the Balkans dominated global headlines. Muslim volunteers came from distant lands to fight in Bosnia-Herzegovina alongside their co-religionists, offering themselves as an alternative to the US-led international community. Li highlights the parallels and overlaps between transnational jihads and other universalisms such as the War on Terror, United Nations peacekeeping, and socialist Non-Alignment.  Developed from more than a decade of research with former fighters in a half-dozen countries, \u003ci\u003eThe Universal Enemy\u003c\/i\u003e explores the relationship between jihad and American empire to shed critical light on both.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Darryl Li","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48294685901051,"sku":"9780804792370","price":120.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0779\/3917\/9771\/files\/9780804792370.jpg?v=1772482632","url":"https:\/\/indiepubs.com\/products\/the-universal-enemy-9780804792370","provider":"IndiePubs","version":"1.0","type":"link"}