LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTERS, Barry R. Chiswick

PART I: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

1. A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRANTS TO THE UNITED STATES, 1820–1920, Joseph P. Ferrie

High-Skilled Immigrants: The Numbers, 1820–1920

The Process of Assimilation

The Impact of High-Skilled Immigrants

High-Skilled Immigrants and the Transformation of U.S. Industry

Conclusion

Notes

References

2. RIGHTS-BASED POLITICS, IMMIGRATION, AND THE BUSINESS CYCLE, 1890–2008, James F. Hollifield and Carole J. Wilson

Politics Matters

Immigration and the Rise of Rights-Based Politics

Rolling Back Rights to Control Immigration

A New Emphasis on High-Skilled Immigration

Immigration and Security Concerns

Immigration and the Business Cycle

Conclusion

References

PART II: FROM TEMPORARY TO PERMANENT STATUS

3. TRENDS IN FOREIGN-STUDENT ADMISSIONS TO THE UNITED STATES: POLICY AND COMPETITIVE EFFECTS, B. Lindsay Lowell and Pramod Khadka

International Students and Economic Cycles

The Cost of College

Student Policy and Visa Procedures

International Competition

Econometric Evaluation of Student Migration

Conclusion

Notes

References

PART III: THE ADJUSTMENT OF HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRANTS

4. EDUCATIONAL MISMATCH: ARE HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRANTS REALLY WORKING IN HIGH-SKILLED JOBS, AND WHAT PRICE DO THEY PAY IF THEY ARE NOT? Barry R. Chiswick and Paul W. Miller

Why Do Education Mismatches Occur?

Education Levels of the Native- and Foreign-Born Populations

Literature Review of the ORU Technique

Measurement of Mismatches and Data

Statistical Analyses

Conclusion

Appendix 4A: Definitions of Variables

Appendix 4B: Regression Analyses of Effects of Education on Earnings

Notes

References

5. PHYSICIAN MIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA: CRITERIA FOR ADMISSION, Linda G. Lesky

Medical Education in the United States and Canada

The Application Process for International Medical Graduates

International Medical Graduates in “the Match”

Implications and Future Trends

References

vi HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRATION IN A GLOBAL LABOR MARKET

6. EARNINGS, OCCUPATIONS, AND SCHOOLING DECISIONS OF IMMIGRANTS WITH MEDICAL DEGREES: EVIDENCE FOR CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES, James Ted McDonald, Casey Warman, and Christopher Worswick

Relevant Policy Differences between Canada and the United States

The Data and Estimation Sample

Estimation Results

Conclusion

Notes

References

PART IV: HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRANTS: IMPACT AND POLICY

7. HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRATION: THE LINK TO PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND PRIVATE INVESTMENTS, Volker Grossmann and David Stadelmann

Theoretical Considerations

Empirical Analysis

Conclusion

Notes

References

8. HIGH-SKILLED RUSSIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE ISRAELI LABOR MARKET: ADJUSTMENT AND IMPACT, Sarit Cohen-Goldner and Yoram Weiss

Employment, Occupation, and Wages

Return Migration and Out-Migration

Macroeconomic Aspects of Immigration

Conclusion

Notes

References

9. HIGH-SKILLED IMMIGRATION POLICY IN EUROPE, Martin Kahanec and Klaus F. Zimmermann

European Migration and Immigration Policies in Historical Perspective

European Policy Challenges: Institute for the Study of Labor Expert Opinion Survey

Current Approaches to High-Skilled Immigration in Europe

Scandinavian Welfare States

The Western European Core

Newly Emerged European Cores

New Member States

Policies Applied at the EU Level: The EU Blue Card

What Is Europe Doing to Attract High-Skilled Immigrants?

Conclusions and Policy Implications

Notes

References

APPENDIX: THE POLICY PANEL

INDEX

ABOUT THE AUTHORS