There is significant variation in banana production systems across the world, particularly at the level of soil management. However, research on plant nutrition and soil management in relation to bananas has been limited for a number of reasons: bananas are unusual in their physiology and management, and the characteristics of the crop make it difficult to carry out standard fertilizer response experiments. Given the considerable investment in soil management, the scarcity of fertilization studies in bananas is surprising. This chapter provides an overview of general aspects of crop nutrition in the broader context of soil management. Focusing mostly on intensively managed systems where fertilizer use is the highest, the chapter discusses a number of strategies for soil nutrition as well as advantages and disadvantages of each approach.