Skip to product information
1 of 1

Social Identities and Social Justice

Regular price $28.95
Regular price $0.00 Sale price $28.95
Sold out
Western democracies are being remade under the banner of "woke," and the argument has stalled. Both sides now insist that who we are decides what we may say — and the more sharply identities are...
Read More
  • 15 May 2025
View Product Details

Western democracies are being remade under the banner of "woke," and the argument has stalled. Both sides now insist that who we are decides what we may say — and the more sharply identities are drawn, the less we can hear one another. William Franke, a philosopher of literature and religion at Vanderbilt, proposes an unexpected way out. Drawing on the tradition of negative theology, which reaches truth by unsaying our certainties about it, he argues that every identity rests on something prior and shared: an undelimited human potential that belongs to no group. Social justice movements are right that we must reconceive our life together. But identity cannot be the ground of that reconception; non-identity can. What emerges is a genuinely relational vision of public discourse, in which recognizing another person does not require agreeing about categories — and disagreement need not end the conversation.

files/i.png Icon
Price: $28.95
Pages: 316
Publisher: Academica Press
Imprint: Academica Press
Publication Date: 15 May 2025
Trim Size: 9.00 X 6.00 in
ISBN: 9781680533538
Format: Paperback
BISACs: PHILOSOPHY / Political, POLITICAL SCIENCE / History & Theory, SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination (incl. Prejudice, Racism, Colorism, etc.), PHILOSOPHY / Religious, RELIGION / Religion, Politics & State, POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Ideologies / Radicalism, SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General, LITERARY CRITICISM / General
REVIEWS Icon
Franke writes as an intellectual reflecting on the lived experience of ideological oppression. His analysis is profoundly personal and philosophical, exploring intellectual submission's psychological and spiritual dimensions. Franke’s book, like Milosz's The Captive Mind and Orwell's 1984, is a cautionary narrative about the fragility of freedom and the resilience required to resist the allure of oppressive systems.  


"William Franke’s voice, at a time when wokeism is on the defensive, is unique in the present concert of woke theory. Provocatively, he compares wokeism with René Girard’s theory of scapegoating as the definitive act of self-sacrifice. Wokeness reflects the pathos of our contemporary social struggles, which leads us to important questions about the coherence of our societies."
Thorsten Botz-Bornstein, Professor of Philosophy, Gulf University, Kuwait, editor of Tracking Global Wokeism (2025)


Social Identities and Social Justice doesn’t just critique wokeism as a social revolution devolved into an intolerant religion. It tries to redeem it from an “apophatic” perspective that goes beyond “positive, divisive, sectorial identifications.” It points to a path of salvation present in Christian religious traditions, as well as in Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, the Sioux Great Spirit or Mystery Wakan Tanka, Navajo Hózhǫ́, and more. The limits of our human relation to ultimate reality make us mutually dependent in seeking justice beyond anyone’s ability to identify it. Franke’s argument is clear and brilliant throughout the book.
Montserrat Herrero, Professor of Political Philosophy and Principal Investigator of the Research Group Religion and Civil Society at the Institute Culture and Society (ICS) at the University of Navarra (Spain)
William Franke is a philosopher of the humanities and professor of comparative literature at Vanderbilt University. He has been professor of philosophy at University of Macao; Fulbright Distinguished Chair in Intercultural Theology at University of Salzburg; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation research fellow in Berlin; and Francesco de Dombrowski Visiting Professor at Harvard University’s Center for Italian Renaissance Studies in Florence. In 2021 he became Professor Honoris Causa of the Agora Hermeneutica. His apophatic philosophy is conceived and expounded in On What Cannot Be Said (2007) and A Philosophy of the Unsayable (2014). It is extended into a comparative philosophy of culture in Apophatic Paths from Europe to China: Regions Without Borders (2018) and applied to address current controversies in education and society in On the Universality of What Is Not: The Apophatic Turn in Critical Thinking (2020). His most recent Pandemics and Apocalypse in World Literature: The Hope for Planetary Salvation (2025) plies his apophatic philosophy to illuminate issues of urgent public purport. He lectures and leads seminars on his ideas in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish on five continents.