This six-volume set is a comprehensive, and interdisciplinary account of the major thinkers and movements in modern Jewish thought, in the context of general philosophy and Jewish social-political historical developments. The first volume covers the period from Spinoza through the Enlightenment, followed by an account of the major thinkers of 19th-century German-Jewish religious movements and the east-European Haskalah in volume two. Volume three commences with an important essay on the challenge to the humanist tradition posed in the late 19th century by historical materialism, existentialism and positivism. It includes key Jewish thinkers of the late 19th and early 20th century, such as Hess, Lazarus, Cohen, Ahad Ha-Am, Dubnow, Berdiczewski, and the theorists of Yiddishism and Labor Zionism. The fourth volume focuses on the last generation of German-Jewish philosophers—the best known (Buber, Rosenzweig, Baeck, Strauss, Scholem) and the less known (Breuer, Birnbaum, Klatzkin, Guttmann) whereas volume five offers a thorough inside narrative and analysis of the seminal thinkers—religious and secular—of the Yishuv, 1900–48 (Brenner, Gordon, Ya’ari, Katznelson, Jabotinsky, Kaufmann, Kook, Hirschensohn, Bialik, Amiel, Maimon, Alterman, Sadan, and others). At last, volume six combines an analytical narrative of ultra-Orthodox responses to the Holocaust and the foundational creators of American-Jewish thought through the mid-20th century.