Guava (Psidium guajava) belongs to the Myrtaceae family and is also commonly known as guyava, kuawa or guayba. It is one of the most common and major fruits globally and is considered the fifth most important fruit (in terms of production area and volume) after mango, citrus, banana and apple. Due to its versatility and widespread use, guava has been appropriately called ‘the apple of the tropics’. There is a need to enhance more traditional, small-scale methods of production to make guava more competitive in world markets. One modern technique is a shift to high-density planting (HDP) which is widely used for crops such as apple in Europe and North America. Given the popularity of high-density technology and its likely benefits, it is now the right time to encourage the adoption of this technology by guava growers. This chapter explores the ways guava cultivation can be sustainably modernized in this way.