The number of flowers produced by a mango plant is determined a year before production via induction, initiation and floral differentiation processes. The number of fruits will depend the success of the pollination, fecundation and fruit set processes. This chapter addresses flowering, pollination and mango fruit development, beginning with vegetative shoot formation and then the plant’s induction, initiation and floral differentiation. The chapter analyses the genes governing the flowering process and the processes of pollination and fertilisation. It suggests future research trends in this area and recommends further reading on the subject.