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Ballots, Babies, and Banners of Peace
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22 August 2014

Uncovers the powerful effects of 20th-century Jewish women's social and political activism on contemporary American life
Winner of the 2013 National Jewish Book Award, Women's Studies
Ballots, Babies, and Banners of Peace explores the social and political activism of American Jewish women from 1890 to the beginnings of World War II.
Written in an engaging style, the book demonstrates that no history of the birth control, suffrage, or peace movements in the United States is complete without analyzing the impact of Jewish women's presence. The volume is based on years of extensive primary source research in more than a dozen archives and among hundreds of primary sources, many of which have previously never been seen. Voluminous personal papers and institutional records paint a vivid picture of a world in which both middle-class and working-class American Jewish women were consistently and publicly engaged in all the major issues of their day and worked closely with their non-Jewish counterparts on behalf of activist causes.
This extraordinarily well-researched volume makes a unique contribution to the study of modern women's history, modern Jewish history, and the history of American social movements.
— Caroline Light
"Highly recommended."
— R.C. Cottrell
"In this illuminating account of campaigns for social justice, Melissa Klapper takes an important cohort of Jewish women and shows us how Jewishness mattered to their activism as well as how their activism influenced the world they lived in. This book provides the best explanation I have yet encountered for the more recent involvement of Jews in the social movements of the 1960s. It is a wonderful and inspiring read."
— Alice Kessler-Harris,author of A Difficult Woman: The Challenging Life and Times of Lillian Hellman
"In this lucid and compelling narrative, Klapper captures both the personal dedication of individual women and the broad sweep of Jewish womens activism. By illuminating the complex activist identities and organizations forged by Jewish women in the early twentieth century, this book requires future scholars of feminism to engage more fully with ethnicity and religion and Jewish historians to incorporate more fully womens experiences."
— Nancy A. Hewitt,author of No Permanent Waves: Recasting Histories of U.S. Feminism
"Klapper . . . conducted her research across the country, accessing primary sources such as Jewish newspapers, National Council of Jewish Women meeting minutes, letters and diaries. The result is the stories of many impassioned, educated and influential women who helped shape the early social and political movements."
— Melissa Gerr
"Klapper paints a vivid picture of the activists involved in several social reform movements. Hers is a well-researched, finely textured, and significant contribution to our understanding of how the categories of 'Jewish' and 'woman' animated American activism."
— Marc Dollinger
"Klapper's work on the Jewish women who organized and helped fund the fight for suffrage, established birth control clinics in immigrant neighborhoods, and played a key role in the international peace movement is an example of the kind of careful scholarship that is needed to correct the imbalances in both Jewish and women's history."
— Ellen R. Rothman
"Melissa Klapper has made an outstanding contribution to a history that we thought we knew well, of some of the great women's struggles of the early twentieth century suffrage, peace, and birth control. However, she has changed that history by focusing on Jewish women's important participation in them. We learn not only of their contribution, but the antisemitism they encountered. Her analysis is nuanced and represents the very best of what women's history does, to understand the complexity of identity as women struggled to become citizens and political actors in the United States. This is a remarkable book."
— Riv-Ellen Prell,Professor of American Studies, University of Minnesota
"Melissa R. Klapper provides a wonderful overview of Jewish involvement in three major early twentieth-century women's movements. She illuminates the struggle those activists faced in negotiating their Jewishness within female-led organizations, places where they not infrequently encountered anti-Semitism. Klapper contributes a much-needed focus on the influence played by religion, other than Protestantism, on American women's activism.-,"
— Mary McCune
"While the names Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem have become synonymous with second-wave feminism, the role of Jewish women in earlier feminist causes has gone largely unrecognized. With her new book, Ballots, Babies, and Banners of Peace: American Jewish Women's Activism, 1890-1940, Melissa R. Klapper, a history professor at Rowan University in New Jersey, is trying to change that, bringing to light the outsize role Jewish women played in the suffrage, birth control and peace movements.-,"
— Caitlin Yoshiko Kandil
"Klapper writes to restore Jewish women to their rightful place in these histories as well as to insert women's activism into the panorama of American Jewish life. . . . This book is an opening, a gift, an invitation, and anyone who writes on these subjects after her owes the author a massive debt of gratitude for the map she has drawn."
"In this important volume, Melissa Klapper introduces readers to an overlooked generation of Jewish women and the causes they championed, particularly in the interwar eramost notably suffrage, access to birth control, and the international peace movement."
"[The] recent book, Ballots, Babies, and Banners of Peace: American Jewish Women's Activism, 1890-1940, explore[s] the lives of those who focused on the great women's movements of the early 20th century: suffrage, birth control, and peace."
"[The] strength of this book lies in the individual stories that Klapper unearths. Painstakingly researched, Klapper draws on a tremendous number of primary sources, published and nonpublished."
"Carefully footnoted and with an extensive bibliography, this book will educate and enlighten readers looking for a detailed disquisition on a thought-provoking topic…Its consistently well-researched facts are analyzed into a set of cogent conclusions about the primacy of Jewish women in both social and political causes, and it is eminently readable."