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Clinical Legal Education in Europe
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16 June 2026

Drawing on the European Network for Clinical Legal Education’s expertise, this collection examines clinical legal education in Europe.
Challenging traditional legal education, the book shows how clinical legal education methodologies can enhance student engagement, promote diversity and advance social justice goals. Chapters make use of rich case studies and provide readers with a critical analysis of a range of clinical legal education practices across Europe. It is essential reading for legal educators, policy makers and practitioners seeking to modernize legal education and prepare future lawyers for contemporary challenges.
"I highly recommend this book as a timely overview of legal clinics in Europe, analyzing their role in the development of modern law teaching methodology and as a program aimed at social justice." Filip Czernicki, President of the Polish Legal Clinics Foundation
"An essential collection for anyone interested in clinical legal education, this book offers an insightful overview of evolution and current trends in Europe, connecting them to global CLE and the broader social, economic, and political forces shaping the field." Leah Wortham, The Catholic University of America
“This book is a must-read for anyone interested in Clinical Legal Education. It charts the opportunities and challenges for clinics across Europe and beyond, adding to our shared understanding of good practice.” Jess Guth, Leeds Trinity University
Paul McKeown is a Professor of Legal Education at Northumbria University, UK.
Laura Bugatti is Researcher in Comparative Private Law and Coordinator of Legal Clinics at the University of Brescia, Italy.
Rachel Stalker is Associate Professor and Subject Leader for Clinical Legal Education in the School of Law at Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
Aleksandra Klich is Head of Legal Clinic at the Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Luba Krasnitskaya is Programme Specialist at Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights, Poland.
Jason Tucker is Emeritus Professor of Law at Cardiff University, UK.
1. Introduction – Paul McKeown, Rachel Stalker and Laura Bugatti
Part I: Clinical Theory
2. An Analysis of Clinical Legal Education in Europe Through the Lens of the 4M Framework – Paul McKeown
Part II: Clinical Pedagogy in the National Context
3. The Transformative Role of Law Clinics in Spanish and Italian Legal Education – Cecilia Blengino and Andrés Gascón-Cuenca
4. Educate Law Students on Legal Aid Before It Is Too Late – Mária Havelková
5. The Competence Development Impact of the Legal Clinic Methodology in Hungarian Legal Education – Judit Tóth, Renáta Kálmán and Tamás Pongó
6. Student Zeal as the Pillar of Sustainable Clinical Programmes in Croatia – Juraj Brozović
7. The Case for Public Legal Education Within the Expansion of Clinical Legal Education - Sarah Morse and Frances Ridout
8. Clinical Legal Education in Georgia and the Street Law Experience - Ketevan Bakhtadze, Tamar Ebralidze, Richard Grimes, Ana Kharaishvili, Tsira Komakhidze, Marina Kvachadze, Ketevan Mchedlishvili, Nana Shonia, Sandro Sordia, Ani Topuria, Leila Tskhovrebashvili and Amy Wallace
9. Advancing Clinical Legal Education and Facilitating Access to Justice Through Policy Clinics - Siobhan McConnell, Lyndsey Bengtsson and Rachel Dunn
Part III: Social Justice Challenges
10. Protecting Student Wellbeing in Legal Clinical Settings - Amanda Thurston and Diana Kirsch
11. Arts and Clinical Legal Education in Refugee and Migration Contexts: A Culturally Responsive Approach - Ulrich Stege, Lee-Anne Paula Doyle and Lela Aisha Jones
12. Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Student Legal Clinics: Navigating Opportunities and Challenges - Olga M Piaskowska and Piotr F Piesiewicz
13. Clinical Legal Education in Ukraine During Armed Conflict Caused by Russian Aggression - Mariia Tsypiashchuk, Liliia Amelicheva, Yuliia Matvieieva and Liudmyla Rudenko
Part IV: The Global Picture
14. From Holdout to Forefront: The Contributions of European Clinics to Globalized Clinical Legal Education - Jeff Giddings
15. Concluding Thoughts on the Collection - Paul McKeown, Rachel Stalker and Laura Bugatti