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A critique of the Aramaic Hypothesis that has dominated historical Jesus studies, suggesting that the language Jesus and his followers spoke was Greek.
Did Jesus speak Greek? An affirmative answer to the question will no doubt challenge traditional presuppositions. The question relates directly to the historical preservation of Jesus's words and theology. Traditionally, the authenticity of Jesus's teaching has been linked to the recovery of the original Aramaic that presumably underlies the Gospels. The Aramaic Hypothesis infers that the Gospels represent theological expansions, religious propaganda, or blatant distortions of Jesus's teachings. Consequently, uncovering the original Aramaic of Jesus's teachings will separate the historical Jesus from the mythical personality. G. Scott Gleaves, in Did Jesus Speak Greek?, contends that the Aramaic Hypothesis is inadequate as an exclusive criterion of historical Jesus studies and does not aptly take into consideration the multilingual culture of first-century Palestine. Evidence from archaeological, literary, and biblical data demonstrates Greek linguistic dominance in Roman Palestine during the first century CE. Such preponderance of evidence leads not only to the conclusion that Jesus and his disciples spoke Greek but also to the recognition that the Greek New Testament generally and the Gospel of Matthew in particular were original compositions and not translations of underlying Aramaic sources.
Did Jesus speak Greek? An affirmative answer to the question will no doubt challenge traditional presuppositions. The question relates directly to the historical preservation of Jesus's words and theology. Traditionally, the authenticity of Jesus's teaching has been linked to the recovery of the original Aramaic that presumably underlies the Gospels. The Aramaic Hypothesis infers that the Gospels represent theological expansions, religious propaganda, or blatant distortions of Jesus's teachings. Consequently, uncovering the original Aramaic of Jesus's teachings will separate the historical Jesus from the mythical personality. G. Scott Gleaves, in Did Jesus Speak Greek?, contends that the Aramaic Hypothesis is inadequate as an exclusive criterion of historical Jesus studies and does not aptly take into consideration the multilingual culture of first-century Palestine. Evidence from archaeological, literary, and biblical data demonstrates Greek linguistic dominance in Roman Palestine during the first century CE. Such preponderance of evidence leads not only to the conclusion that Jesus and his disciples spoke Greek but also to the recognition that the Greek New Testament generally and the Gospel of Matthew in particular were original compositions and not translations of underlying Aramaic sources.
Price: $29.99
Pages: 238
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer Inc.
Imprint: James Clarke
Publication Date:
24 September 2015
Trim Size: 9.02 X 5.98 in
ISBN: 9780227175484
Format: Paperback
BISACs:
HISTORY / General, History
Scott Gleaves has written a well-reasoned, and quite readable, book on the thorny question of what language Jesus spoke, and in what language the gospels were originally written. Gleaves gives a judicious critique of the Aramaic hypothesis and provides evidence for the alternative view that Greek was the first language for Jesus and his contemporaries. I recommend this book highly.
— Paul L. Watson, Professor of Old Testament Studies, Amridge University, Montgomery
This is a readable book moving step-by-step from initial dissatisfaction with the Aramaic Hypothesis (expressed in nine questions) through evidence for his conclusions. ... I found his enjoyable study more persuasive than the Aramaic Hypothesis's theoretical sources. It certainly deserves a wide readership.
— Robert S. Dutch
— Paul L. Watson, Professor of Old Testament Studies, Amridge University, Montgomery
This is a readable book moving step-by-step from initial dissatisfaction with the Aramaic Hypothesis (expressed in nine questions) through evidence for his conclusions. ... I found his enjoyable study more persuasive than the Aramaic Hypothesis's theoretical sources. It certainly deserves a wide readership.
— Robert S. Dutch
Foreword by Rodney Eugene Cloud
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Introduction
CHAPTER 1 Did Jesus and His Disciples Speak Greek?
CHAPTER 2 The Emerging Dominance of Greek in First-Century CE Palestine
CHAPTER 3 The Linguistic Proficiency in Greek of Some of the Primary Disciples of Jesus
CHAPTER 4 Aramaic and Portions of the Greek New Testament
Conclusion
Bibliography
Subject Index
Scripture Index
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Introduction
CHAPTER 1 Did Jesus and His Disciples Speak Greek?
CHAPTER 2 The Emerging Dominance of Greek in First-Century CE Palestine
CHAPTER 3 The Linguistic Proficiency in Greek of Some of the Primary Disciples of Jesus
CHAPTER 4 Aramaic and Portions of the Greek New Testament
Conclusion
Bibliography
Subject Index
Scripture Index