Chemicals, frequently the main method of pest control in agriculture, have negative effects on natural enemies that also control pests. Mitigation of pesticide impacts depends on increasing the role of natural enemies, reducing chemical application while still controlling pests and maintaining yields. This chapter outlines the ways in which pesticide use leads to increased pest problems and examines strategies for mitigating pesticide impacts. The chapter includes a detailed case study focussing on the diamondback moth (DBM). Finally, the chapter looks ahead to future research trends in this area.