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By shedding light on an often-overlooked aspect of Fascism and Nazism, this book examines the ambitious plans for a new European order conceived by Italian intellectuals, historians, geographers, politicians, and even student representative of the Fascist University Groups (GUF). Through expert reconstruction of the debate on this envisaged order’s development, Monica Fioravanzo opens a window into the theoretical arena that shaped relationships between German, Italy and the other Axis nations and provides insight into how the project was anticipated to unite the Fascist regime in Italy and the Nazi Reich.
Monica Fioravanzo is Associate Professor of Contemporary History at University of Padua, specializing in Fascism and Italian German relations in the 1930s, and she is also a visiting scholar at FU Berlin, IFZ Munich and Columbia University.
Note on Translations
Abbreviations
Chapter 1. The Emergence of a Concept of Europe
- A Cautious and Circuitous Start
- The 1930s: the Prospect of a Fascist Europe
- The Volta Conference on Europe
- Orestano’s Summary and the Reaction of the Foreign Press
Chapter 2. The Utopia of a Fascist Europe (1932–35)
- Gerarchia and the Fascistization of Europe
- The Myth of Rome
- A Plan for Europe: History, Demographics and Politics
- Italy, France and Germany
Chapter 3. From the African Dream to an Axis Europe
- Africa in a Fascist Europe
- ISPI and the Development of Eurafrica
- The Path Towards an Axis Europe
- A Fascist Europe or an Axis Europe?
- An Axis Europe or a Nazi Europe?
- The Axis as Seen by the Two Peoples’
Chapter 4. Towards a Nazi-Fascist Order? War as Opportunity
- Europe in the ‘War Magazines’
- The Mediterranean, Eurafrica and Eurafroasia
- A Time for Reflection
- Youth in the New Europe Europe, Kultur and ‘Greater Germanic’ Ideology
- Spiritual Dominance in the New Europe
- To Win the War or ‘Win Peace’?
- The Decline of the Axis and a ‘Europe of the Nations’
Postface
Bibliography
Index