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This chapter analyzes the paradigm shift from fish "by-products" to valuable "co-products," a cornerstone of the circular bioeconomy in the global feed industry. Driven by static capture fisheries and rising aquaculture demand, by-products now constitute a significant share of global fish meal (30-37%) and fish oil (49-54%) production. These ingredients are nutritionally potent, but their composition and functionality vary significantly based on species, raw material quality, and processing technologies like hydrolysis. Valorising these materials enhances resource efficiency and offers superior sustainability credentials, as measured by Life Cycle Assessments. However, realizing their full potential requires overcoming logistical hurdles and ensuring robust quality control. This analysis provides a strategic overview of production, nutrition, and applications to unlock the full value of these critical marine resources.
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Production dynamics
- 3 Processing methods
- 4 Composition and characteristics
- 5 Comparison among marine ingredient classes
- 6 Applications in animal feed
- 7 Socioeconomic implications
- 8 Sustainability and environmental impact
- 9 Challenges and considerations
- 10 Market acceptance
- 11 Future trends in research
- 12 Conclusion
- 13 Where to look for further information
- 14 References