It is well known that translations from Greek into Arabic played a crucial role in the development of philosophical thought in the Islamic world. Yet the trajectory of the transmitted concepts and theories in Islamic thought remains underexplored. Centering on moral philosophy, this book examines how ancient Greek ethical literature was transmitted and received by key classical Islamic thinkers—al-Kindī, al-Rāzī, Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī, the Iḫwān al-Ṣafāʾ, al-Fārābī, Ibn Miskawayh, and Ibn Sīnā. Through a comparative reading of Greek and Arabic texts, it offers a comprehensive analysis of the reception of central ethical concepts and problems within the Islamic intellectual tradition.