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The marine Eocene-Oligocene transition of 34 million years ago was a critical turning point in Earth's climatic history, when the warm, high-diversity "greenhouse" world of the early Eocene ceded to the glacial, "icehouse" conditions of the early Oligocene. This book surveys the advances in stratigraphic and paleontological research and isotopic analysis made since 1989 in regard to marine deposits around the world. In particular, it summarizes the high-resolution details of the so-called doubthouse interval (roughly 45 to 34 million years ago), which is critical to testing climatic and evolutionary hypotheses about the Eocene deterioration.
The authors' goals are to discuss the latest information concerning climatic and oceanographic change associated with this transition and to examine geographic and taxonomic patterns in biotic turnover that provide clues about where, when, and how fast these environmental changes happened. They address a range of topics, including the tectonic and paleogeographic setting of the Paleogene; specific issues related to the stratigraphy of shelf deposits; advances in recognizing and correlating boundary sections; trends in the expression of climate change; and patterns of faunal and floral turnover. In the process, they produce a valuable synthesis of patterns of change by latitude and environment.
Part I: The Pacific Rim
Pacific Coast Eocene-Oligocene Marine Chronostratigraphy: A Review and an Update, by Donald R. Prothero
Turnovers in Marine Gastropod Faunas During the Eocene-Oligocene Transition, West Coast of the United States, by Richard L. Squires
Biotic Response to the Eocene-Oligocene Transition: Gastropod Assemblages in the High-Latitude North Pacific, by Anton E. Oleinik and Louie Marincovich Jr.
Changes in Shallow-Marine Faunas from the Northeastern Pacific Margin Across the Eocene/Oligocene Boundary, by Elizabeth A. Nesbitt
Evidence for Abrupt Eocene-Oligocene Molluscun Faunal Change in the Pacific Northwest, by Carole S. Hickman
An Overview of Eocene-Oligocene Echinoderm Faunas of the Pacific Northwest, by Casey Burns and Rich Mooi
Upper Eocene Greenhouse Deposits in Southern Australia: Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography, by Paul R. Gammon, Yvonne Bone, Jonathan D.A. Clarke, and Noel P. James
The Meiji Drift Body and Late Paleogene-Neogene Paleoceanography of the North Pacific-Bering Sea Region, by David W. Scholl, Andrew J. Stevenson, Marlene A. Noble, and David K. Rea
Cetacean Evolution and Eocene-Oligocene Oceans Revisited, by R. Ewan Fordyce
Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Vegetation and Climate in the Pacific Northewest, by Jeffrey A. Myers
Part II: The Atlantic, Gulf, and Caribbean
Sequence Stratigraphy of the Eocene/Oligocene Boundary Interval: Southeastern Mississippi, by Ronald J. Echols, John M. Armentrout, Stephan A. Root, Larry B. Fearn, James C.
Late Middle Eocene Glacioeustasy: Stable Isotopes and Foraminifera from the Gulf Coastal Plain, by John V. Hurley and Richard H. Fluegeman
Paleogene Temperature History of the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain Inferred from -- of Fossil Otoliths, by Linda C. Ivany, Kyger C. Lohmann, and William P. Patterson
The Palynological Record of Late Eocene Climate Change, Northwest Gulf o Mexico, by Thomas E. Yancey, William C. Elsik, and Recep H. Sancay
Palynological Patterns in Uppermost Eocene to Lower Oligocene Sedimentary Rocks in the U.S. Gulf Coast, by Francisca E. Oboh-Ikuenobe and Carlos A. Jaramillo
Late Eocene-Early Oligocene Benthic Foraminifera in the Gulf Coastal Plain: Regional vs. Global Influences, by Richard H. Fluegeman
Upper Paleogene larger Foraminiferal Succession on a Tropical Carbonate Bank, Nicaragua Rise, Caribbean Region, by Edward Robinson
Molluscan Faunas Across the Eocene/Oligocene Boundary in the North American Gulf Coastal Plain, with Comparisons to Those of the Eocene and Oligocene of France, by David T. Dockery III and Pierre Lozouet
Biotic Patterns in Eocene-Oligocene Echinoids of the Southeastern United States, by Burchard D. Carter
The Eocene-Oligocene Transition in Marine Vertabrates of the Gulf Coastal Plain, by Earl M. Manning
A Brief Account of the Evolution of the Caribbean Seaway: Jurassic to Present, by Manuel A. Iturralde Vinent
The Eocene-Oligocene Transition in the Equatorial Atlantic (ODP Site 925): Paleoproductivity Increase and Positive -- Excursion, by Liselotte Diester-Haass and Jim Zachos
Part III: The North Sea and Tethys
The Eocene/Oligocene Boundary in the North Sea Area: A Sequence Stratigraphic Approach, by Noel Vandenberghe, Henk Brinkhuis, and Etinne Steurbaut
Deep-Water Benthic Foraminiferal Events from the Massignano Eocene/Oligocene Boundary Stratotype, Central Italy, by Rodolfo Coccioni and Simone Galeotti
Stratigraphy and Benthic Foraminiferal Events Across the Middle - Late Eocene Transition in Western Negev, Israel, by Roberto Barbieri, Chaim Benjamini, Simonetta Monechi, and Viviana Reale
The Development of Facies Patterns of Middle Eocene to Lower Oligocene Circum-Alpine, Shallow-Water Carbonate Environments, by James H. Nebelsick, Michael Rasser, and Davide Bassi
Part IV: Causes and Consequences
Late Eocene Impacts: Geologic Record, Correlation, and Paleoenvironmental Consequences, by C. Wylie Poag, Edward Mankinen, and Richard D. Norris
Boundaries, Turnover, and the Causes of Evolutionary Change: A Perspective from the Cenozoic, by Warren D. Allmon
The Marine Eocene-Oligocene Transition: A Synthesis, by Linda C. Ivany, A. Nesbitt, and Donald R. Prothero
Contributors
Index