How did Europeans attempt to make peace visible after the First World War, and why did those efforts ultimately fail? This book traces how French pacifists used posters, photomontages, and illustrations to reshape public understandings of war through powerful gendered imagery. Mothers, children, and wounded soldiers became central figures in a visual language that challenged militarism and redefined political responsibility. Moving from the hopeful activism of the 1920s to the despair of the late 1930s, it reveals how art functioned as both persuasion and protest. Bridging peace studies, interwar European history, and French cultural history, this study offers a vivid new account of how images shaped, and continue to shape, the politics of war and peace.