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This reference book is a helpful guide to the vast and sometimes bewildering body of research on the grading of student writing. The volume includes entries for more than 1300 books and articles on grading published between 1970 and 1996. Each entry includes an annotation that summarizes the work and its importance. The entries are grouped in several broad chapters, with most chapters containing numerous subsections. Thus the book covers such topics as holistic grading, portfolio assessment, collaborative approaches to assessment, essay tests, creative writing, whole language, standardized tests, and student progress. The entries are arranged alphabetically within each subsection, and the author and subject indexes allow the user to access information quickly.
Foreword; Dr. Gloria Ladson Billings.
Introduction; Dr. Loyce Caruthers and Dr. Jennifer Friend.
Chapter 1. The Value in Listening to Students.
Chapter 2. Race, Gender, Identity, and Intelligence.
Chapter 3. Issues of Power and Privilege.
Chapter 4. The Policy Context for Urban Public Education in the United States.
Chapter 5. America's Love Affair With Statistics.
Chapter 6. The Framework for Including Student Voice in Urban Schools.
Chapter 7. Kids Want Caring Teachers With High Academic Expectations.
Chapter 8. Kids Want to Feel Safe at School.
Chapter 9. Kids Want Active and Engaging Learning Opportunities.
Chapter 10. Kids Want To Know More About Their Own Cultures and Cultures of All People.
Chapter 11. Student Interviews and Focus Groups.
Chapter 12. Student Surveys.
Chapter 13. Visual Methods and Technology.
Chapter 14. Students Participating in Governance and School Committees.
Chapter 15. Conclusion.