This chapter reviews some of the most important insect pests affecting coffee plantations worldwide. In each case the chapter discusses the damage they cause, insect biology and ecology, and how this understanding can be used to develop alternative more environmentally-friendly and sustainable methods of pest management. The chapter includes a case study on improving integrated pest management of coffee berry borer (CBB) in commercial coffee farms in Hawaii. This case study looks at improving cultural control practices for CBB in coffee farms from Ka’u District, Hawaii.