To anyone who has ever examined in any of its printed forms the little work on Greek words which differ in meaning according to difference in accent, which is attributed to John Philoponus, it must be evident that this text is of interest to the historian of lexicography or of pedagogy rather than to the lexicographer. The work offers pairs of words the members of which, according to the title, differ from one another only in accent & meaning. The preserved form of this text represents the nadir of learning, for it was part of one of the mainstreams of lexicography. Contents of this study: An introduction to the work by John Philoponus; the Greek text of Recensio A, Recensio B, Recensio C, Recensio D, & Recensio E; & Comparatio Numerorum.