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Metaphors of Spain
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15 September 2026

First published in 2017, Metaphors of Spain traces the complex history of twentieth-century Spanish nationalism. This history places a set of famously distinctive regional identities against a backdrop of religious conflict, separatist tensions, and the autocratic rule of Francisco Franco. And despite the undeniably political character of that story, cultural history can also provide essential insights into the subject. Metaphors of Spain brings together leading historians to examine Spanish nationalism through its diverse and complementary cultural artifacts, from “formal” representations such as the flag to music, bullfighting, and other more diffuse examples. Together they describe not a Spanish national “essence,” but a nationalism that is constantly evolving and accommodates multiple interpretations. This second edition includes an extensive new introduction and an additional chapter exploring food and nationalism.
“Metaphors of Spain is indisputably an extraordinary collection of Spanish history in the twentieth century, convincingly accomplished by reviewing representations of Spanish national identity. In addition, the book offers a deep and detailed description of the project of nation building undertaken by the political and intellectual elites during the twentieth century. The book is recommended for both the general public and the specialized public who want to broaden their knowledge of the formation of the contemporary Spanish national identity.” • Maria Jose Hierro, Yale University
Javier Moreno-Luzón is Professor of History at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Specialist in the political life of Modern Spain, his books in English include Modernizing the Nation: Spain during the Reign of Alfonso XIII, 1902-1931 and Centennial Fever: Transnational Hispanic Commemorations and Spanish Nationalism. He won the Spanish National History Prize in 2024.
Introduction: The Nation and its Metaphors
Javier Moreno-Luzón and Xosé M. Núñez Seixas
Chapter 1. History and National Myth
José Álvarez Junco
Chapter 2. The Flag and the Anthem: The Disputed Official Symbols of Spain
Javier Moreno-Luzón and Xosé M. Núñez Seixas
Chapter 3. The Republic, or Spain Freed from Itself
Àngel Duarte
Chapter 4. ‘The King of All Spaniards’? Monarchy and Nation
Javier Moreno-Luzón
Chapter 5. Gender and the Spanish Nation
Inmaculada Blasco Herranz
Chapter 6. Religion: The Idea of Catholic Spain
Mary Vincent
Chapter 7. The Language(s) of the Spanish Nation
Xosé M. Núñez Seixas
Chapter 8. The Americas and the Celebration of 12 October
Marcela García Sebastiani and David Marcilhacy
Chapter 9. Bullfights as a National Festivity
Rafael Núñez Florencio
Chapter 10. Sports and the Spanish Nation
Alejandro Quiroga
Chapter 11. Music and Spanish Nationalism
Sandie Holguín
Chapter 12. A More Spanish Spain: The Influence of Tourism on the National Image
Eric Storm
Chapter 13. Serving the Nation: Food and Nationalism
Eugenia Afinoguénova
Index