Based on a wide range of empirical material, the book examines the narratives, political activity and extremist connections of Polish movements challenging the scientific consensus (anti-vaccination and 5G movements) and their connections with Russia. The author traces the roots of the conspiracy narratives related to vaccines, 5G and COVID-19, the channels of their spread and their penetration into mainstream politics, providing a unique opportunity to trace the radicalisation of their supporters. As a result, this publication is a unique work in which the described examples constitute an applicable analysis for researchers of conspiracy narratives related to medicine in other countries.