People among Nations reconstructs the history of mobility in the central Mediterranean, focusing on the identities of Sicilian migrants in Tunisia. Drawing on unpublished archives, newspapers, and oral testimonies, the book follows Italian migrants and wider Mediterranean mobilities through war, colonialism, and decolonization, showing how migrants and states continually reshaped one another. Moving beyond easy contrasts between national and transnational history, it restores politics and historical contingency to migration studies. The result is a historically grounded reinterpretation of belonging that speaks directly to contemporary debates on migration and identity.