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The French Revolution swept away the Old Regime along with many of its ideas about epistemology, history, society, and politics. In the intellectual ferment that followed, debates about religion figured prominently as diverse thinkers grappled with the philosophical and civil status of religion in a post-revolutionary age.
Arthur McCalla demonstrates the central place of religion in the intellectual life of post-revolutionary France in Religion and the Post-revolutionary Mind. Certain questions – What is the nature of religion? Does society rest on religious foundations? What ought to be the place of religion in society? – drew sustained attention from across the political spectrum. Idéologues viewed religion as error and sought to eradicate it through the promotion of secular values. Catholic Traditionalists understood religion as a body of revealed truths of supernatural origin that ought to be authoritative in all aspects of life. Liberals sought to replace Christian orthodoxy with a new public faith consonant with liberal values. But these blocs were not monolithic, and McCalla reveals the complexities of each one, as well as the dialogues and rivalries among them. The categories established by the concepts of religion these thinkers constructed continue to shape debates over liberationist critiques, liberal pluralism, laïcité, and political theology.
The place of religion in civil society is again a matter of urgent debate. Religion and the Post-revolutionary Mind provides essential historical context for thinking about the status of religion in the contemporary world.
"McCalla has a fine command of his subjects and writes clearly about their ideas, with the result that the reader not only gains valuable insight into French contributions to the emerging discipline of the history of religions, but also can see the intimate place that discussions about religion had in early nineteenth-century epistemological reflection." H-France
“By laying out how the French Revolution produced significant transformations in the understanding of religion and its role in society, and did so in a way that shaped so many of the political structures and values, as well as identities and conflicts of today’s world, McCalla’s study strengthens the case not only for the subject’s ongoing relevance, but for its unquestionable centrality.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion