Introduction (A.J. Field). American shipping cartels in the Pre-World War I Era (G. Deltas, K. Serfes and R. Sicotte). The Transportation Revolution and Transatlantic Migration, 1850-1914 (D. Keeling). The growth of modern business enterprises in the Twentieth Century (Sukkoo Kim). Did trade policy foster Italian industrialization evidence from effective protection rates, 1870-1930 (G. Federico, A. Tena). Lilliputians and Brobdingnagians, stature in British Colonial America: evidence from servants, convicts, and apprentices (F. Grubb). The American wage structure: 1920-1947 (T. Ferguson, J.K. Galbraith).