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Rethinking the Carolingian reforms

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This book sets out to challenge current interpretations of Carolingian culture, and especially its perceived correctio (correction), reform or renaissance. When we consider authors who operated out...
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  • 25 April 2023
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The Carolingian period (c. 750-900) has traditionally been described as one of ‘reform’ or ‘renaissance’, where cultural and intellectual changes were imposed from above in a programme of correctio. This view leans heavily on prescriptive texts issued by kings and their entourages, foregrounding royal initiative and the cultural products of a small intellectual elite. However, attention to understudied texts and manuscripts of the period reveals a vibrant striving for moral improvement and positive change at all levels of society. This expressed itself in a variety of ways for different individuals and communities, whose personal relationships could be just as influential as top-down prescription. The often anonymous creators and copyists in a huge range of centres emerge as active participants in shaping and re-shaping the ideals of their world.
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Price: $140.00
Pages: 296
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Imprint: Manchester University Press
Publication Date: 25 April 2023
ISBN: 9781526149558
Format: Hardcover
BISACs: Historiography, European history: medieval period, middle ages, Social and cultural history, History of religion
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'Right from this book’s introduction, penned by Carine van Rhijn, it is clear that commonly used terms for the Carolingian cultural movement – renaissance, reform, correctio – fail to encapsulate the complexity and
multivalence of the period... This volume as a whole, and each of the chapters within it, seeks to correct our understanding of correctio, highlighting the ways in which the Carolingian movement was not always top-down, but rather made up of local individuals exercising their own agency and engaging in horizontal networks of knowledge, communication, and support... This volume addresses these issues and brings to
light new ways of thinking about the Carolingian reform movement.'
Early Medieval Europe 2025

'In her introduction (p. 1–31), Carine van Rhijn voices an outspoken challenge to current views on the subject. Emphasizing the importance of “local agency, not top-down regulation“ (p. 30) and discussing the meaning and scholarly use of terms such as “renaissance”, reformatio and correctio, both of which, in Carolingian contexts, exclusively referred to the rectification of a single person’s conduct, not to institutions or societies.'
C. Jakobi-Mirwald, Scriptorium, BULLETIN CODICOLOGIQUE

Arthur Westwell is wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter at the Universität Regensburg

Ingrid Rembold is a Lecturer in Medieval History at the University of Manchester

Carine van Rhijn is a Lecturer in Medieval History at Utrecht University

Introduction: rethinking the Carolingian reforms – Carine van Rhijn
1 Gender and horizontal networks in Carolingian monasticisms (up to c. 840) – Ingrid Rembold
2 Analysing Attigny: contextualising Chrodegang of Metz’s influence on the life of canons – Stephen Ling
3 A Carolingian ‘reform of education’? The reception of Alcuin’s pedagogy – Cinzia Grifoni and Giorgia Vocino
4 Correcting the liturgy and sacred language – Els Rose and Arthur Westwell
5 Error assessment: how to distinguish between true and false? – Irene van Renswoude
6 Reformatio and correctio in Carolingian theology and orthodoxy: reformation or aggiornamento? – Kristina Mitalaité
Index