Solar heating of soils, better known as soil solarization, involves heating moist and mulched soil (with a transparent polyethylene film) for several weeks. Its advantages include its non-chemical nature and its effective use in a wide range of agricultural areas worldwide. This chapter reviews the use of solarization in sustainable weed management. We cover its mode of action, its effects on weeds, soil nutrients and pesticides, and the benefits and limitations of this strategy. The plastic mulching technology required for solarization is also discussed.