This volume of the China Legal Development Yearbook is the second in a series of annual reports written by leading Chinese law and legal policy scholars and judges. It is edited by the Institute of Law at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The Yearbook contains reports on law reform priorities, major legal policy debates and an account of legislation proposed and passed in 2006. This Yearbook features reports on those legal reforms seeking to strengthen the rule of law and to make the administration of justice more “people-oriented”. It contains articles and reports on reforms made to improve the standard of judicial justice, reforms to the criminal justice system, as well as evaluations of the functioning of systems of administrative litigation, review and state compensation. Chapters also address human rights issues and analyse current problems relating to dispute resolution. This Yearbook provides a valuable insight into contemporary debates in China about the substance, direction and priorities of legal reform.