Research on women in prison has largely been concentrated in English-speaking countries and research on female prisoners in Malaysia remains scarce and limited. Malaysia’s prison infrastructure, inherited from colonial rule, remains ill-suited to female inmates, subjecting them to strip searches, inadequate hygiene access, and vocational training that reinforces traditional gender roles. Despite international frameworks such as the Bangkok Rules, prison policies frequently fail to address women’s unique social roles and vulnerabilities.

Using in-depth interviews centring lived experiences of women in Malaysian prisons, Haezreena offers a critical analysis of female incarceration in Malaysia. Chapters examines how entrenched gender inequality and patriarchal structures shape pathways into crime and the treatment of female prisoners within the justice system, exacerbating the “pains of imprisonment”, including loss of autonomy, privacy, and dignity, often mischaracterized as personal moral failings rather than structural injustice. The author illuminates the urgent need for gender-sensitive reforms in the Malaysian penal system. Offering practical recommendations for improving compliance with international standards and advocating for prison reform, this book makes a significant contribution to the field by integrating criminological, sociological, feminist, and post-colonial perspectives to examine the intersection of gender, punishment, and structural inequality.

Drawing upon critical scholarship—including the work of Ben Crewe, Camilla de Magalhães Gomes, and Valeria Vegh Weis—this book applies a Global South lens to Western penal theories, advancing a decolonized, gender-sensitive perspective on carceral power and compliance. Amplifying the voices of female prisoners and advocating for prison reform, this study offers essential insights for scholars, policymakers, and activists working toward more humane and equitable penal systems.