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Why the European Union Failed in Afghanistan
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22 October 2024

The return of the Taliban has undermined EU external action, reversed twenty years of state-building efforts and represents the most significant failure of EU foreign policy to date.
Drawing on over 100 hours of interviews with key actors and an in-depth examination of the EU’s state-building efforts, this book offers unparalleled insights into the complex interplay between transatlantic relations and the resurgence of the Taliban. It critically evaluates the EU's strategies, advocating for a nuanced, historically informed approach to international relations.
Indispensable for academics, policy makers and anyone vested in the intricacies of foreign interventions in an ever-complex global environment.
“A theoretically nuanced narrative that is as compelling as it is enlightening. The book navigates beyond traditional international relations boundaries, offering a theoretically sophisticated problem-oriented approach that exposes persistent challenges and intricate realities.” Luk Van Langenhove, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
“It is not just NATO and the United States that crashed and burned so disastrously in Afghanistan. So too did the European Union, as Oz Hassan demonstrates in his searching and unsettling discussion of possibly its most significant – but least discussed – foreign policy failure of the last 20 years. A must-read for all those who believe that in our increasingly dangerous world, the EU still has a critical part to play.” Michael Cox, Emeritus Professor of International Relations and Founding Director of LSE IDEAS
1. Introduction
2. More than a ‘Blank Slate’: Afghan Meta-norms in World History
3. Afghan Independence and European Union Humanitarianism in the Global International System
4. Terrorism, Solidarity and European Marginalization
5. European Union State-building Efforts and the Corruption Eruption
6. European Union Diplomacy, Democracy and Security Assistance
7. The Fall of Kabul and New Challenges for the European Union
8. Conclusion