Examines the role of the body in Indigenous-language religious texts from colonial Latin America

Words Made Flesh examines the role played by corporeality in a series of missionary linguistic and poetic projects from Brazil, Peru, and Mexico in early colonial Latin America. Caroline Egan analyzes how works produced in Indigenous languages for the purpose of evangelization were shaped by and, in turn, transformed native understandings of embodiment.

Egan follows the trajectories of specific understudied words in the colonial corpus, tracing their usage through grammars, dictionaries, doctrinal translations, and hymns in Tupi, Quechua, and Nahuatl. These words, however, might not be the first to come to mind when thinking about missionary projects in the colonial world—such as God and trinity, heaven and hell, angel and demon. Instead, the book examines words like the Tupi îuká (to kill) and manõ (to die); the Quechua sunqu (now often translated as “heart”); and the Nahuatl chōca (to weep), cuīca (to sing), and ihuinti (to get drunk). With complementary emphases on regional specificity and comparative ramifications, Words Made Flesh argues that the changing fortunes of these words speak to significant areas of dialogue and debate between Indigenous communities and missionary writers in the late sixteenth century.