Marketing and management processes across industries can be very similar, but contexts vary where political intervention, public interest and local sustainability are involved. The rural business setting is especially intricate due to the assortment of different business opportunities, ranging from traditional agriculture, to tourism enterprise and even high-tech business. This important new textbook on the subject:- Examines key issues affecting rural enterprise and tourism- Explores the breadth of rural enterprise management and marketing across both developed and developing economies- Discusses strategies for business growth within a rural setting, such as knowledge development, proper planning and innovation - Uses a mix of case studies and theoretical content specifically selected to appeal to both student and practitioner readersIncluding pedagogical features and full colour throughout, this new textbook provides an engaging and thought-provoking resource for students and practitioners of tourism, rural business and related industries.
Peter Burns
Tourism and Mobilities
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In the current trend of increasing globalization, relationships are evolving between global and local realities, rich and poor regions of the world and ‘old’ and ‘new’ leisure and tourism patterns. The tourist has become an active agent in their travel experiences, moving between and among multiple localities, in an environment of transnational, interconnected social networks. In order to understand the modern tourist, concepts of mobility have begun to be applied to tourism studies and have questioned whether the word tourism is any longer sufficient to describe the complex socio-political milieu of people on the move. Bringing together theoretical and practical issues, this edited volume analyses tourism’s wider role as an agent for the mobile modern population of the world. Themes range from post-modern youth and independent mobility to theoretical texts on hypermobility and citizenship within global space and mobility, media and citizenship. Offering a thought-provoking examination of modern tourism, this will be an important text for students of tourism and human geography as well as tourism professionals.
Ruth Dowson
Spiritual and Religious Tourism
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This book reviews tourist motivations for making religious or spiritual journeys, and the management aspects related to them. It explores sacred journeys across both traditional religions such as Christianity and Islam, and newer forms of pilgrimage, faith systems and quasi-religious activities such as sport, music and food. Demonstrating to the reader the intrinsic elements and events that play a crucial role within the destination management process, it provides a timely re-assessment of the increasing interconnections between religion and spirituality as a motivation for travel. The book:- Includes applications, models and illustrations of religious tourism and pilgrimage management for converting theory into good practice;- Addresses theories of motivation and why travel to religious destinations has increased;- Explores key learning points from a selection of international case study perspectives.Providing researchers and students of tourism, religious studies, anthropology and related subjects with an important review of the topic, this book aims to bridge the ever-widening gap between specialists within the religious, tourism, management and education sectors.
Johan Swinnen
Global Supply Chains, Standards and the Poor
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Using original research from Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America this book reviews the recent restructuring of the global agri-food industry and the dramatic rise of global retail chains in developing and transition countries. It focuses on the private standards and requirements imposed by multinational companies investing in these countries and the resulting changes to existing supply chains. It also examines the impact of these changes on local producers, particularly poor farmers, and considers the long-term policy implications in terms of growth and poverty.
Alain Decrop
Vacation Decision-Making
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This book explores the complex decision-making processes involved in choosing and buying tourism products and services. It combines a theoretical overview of the basics of tourist behaviour and decision-making, with the results of an in-depth qualitative study of vacationers. It considers both the generic decision to go on vacation, or not, and more specific travel decisions, such as destination and accommodation type, from an individual and social point of view. It looks at how, when, and why such decisions are made, and the factors that influence the final outcome. The book concludes by rejecting existing tourist typologies in favour of a new typology of vacationers.
Ralf Buckley
Environmental Impacts of Ecotourism
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All forms of tourism have impacts on the natural environment. The impacts of ecotourism tend to be concentrated in areas of highest conservation value, hence the need to manage and minimize these. The book considers impacts of particular activities, such as hiking and camping, off-road vehicles, and recreational boats, and impacts specific to certain ecosystems e.g. marine environments, polar coasts, mountain environments. It incorporates reviews of better-studied impacts, by well-known experts; and case studies of recent research and less well-known issues.
Elizabeth Barham
Labels of Origin for Food
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Agri-food traditional, regional and typical products are an important resource for agricultural and rural development in many areas of the European Union. These Origin Labelled Products (OLPs) activate a complex system of relationships involving the local production and marketing and distribution systems, rural development dynamics and the consumer. Based on research conducted in European countries, this book provides an account of the current state of OLPs, enabling a better understanding of their characteristics and evolution in the agri-food system. It also assesses public policies at various levels and the effects of legal protection, financial support and public promotional initiatives on those involved, and consumers’ and citizens’ concerns and expectations.
Dr Leslie-Ann Jordan
Customer Experience Management in the Caribbean
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Diving into the evolution of Customer Experience this text offers an insightful exploration of the paradigm shift from customer service to Customer Experience (CX) within the Caribbean context. Unveiling the dynamics of CX's influence on satisfaction, loyalty, and business profitability, this book delves into strategic planning, employee development, data-driven decisions, and emerging technological trends, and it fills a crucial gap in the literature with:- An array of Caribbean case studies;- Enhanced theoretical concepts and a deep appreciation of customer experience management in the Caribbean;- References of best practices to address critical issues affecting the delivery of a quality customer experience.Scholars and practitioners within customer service, services marketing, customer experience management and customer relationship marketing in the retail hospitality and tourism, financial, health care and education sectors will find this a valuable resource on CX's transformative power in this region and beyond.
David Leslie
Responsible Tourism
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Tourism is one of the world's biggest industries. Responsible tourism is concerned with the effects of tourism on people, ecology, and communities, and seeks to ameliorate these impacts by providing tourism which benefits host communities, improves working conditions, involves the local community, promotes cultural heritage, and benefits the environment. This book discusses responsible tourism as a whole, including the politics, policy and planning behind it, and major sub-topics such as poverty reduction, the environment, transport, governance, wildlife tours and heritage.
Paola Vizcaino-Suárez
Tourism and Gender-based Violence
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Gender based violence (GBV) in travel and tourism is embedded within wider social structures of gender inequalities and discrimination. This book focuses on the multiple and interconnected manifestations of violence that women and girls encounter in tourism consumption and production, such as physical, sexual, emotional or socio-economic abuse. The book adopts a multidisciplinary perspective in its critical examination of the theoretical landscape of GBV, and its engagement with case studies on GBV and sexual harassment. It draws on feminist, intersectional and post-colonial frameworks, bringing together contributions from academics and practitioners across the globe. This book: Provides a critical approach to gender-based violence as part of broader social structures of inequality and discrimination in the tourism and hospitality industries. Draws on a range of disciplinary approaches, includinggender studies, geography, international relations, law, sociology and tourism studies. Brings together work by scholars who are engaging with the concept of gender-based violence in a wide range of tourism settings and practices. Includes profiles of organisations and initiatives that are attempting to tackle GBV in tourism, hospitality and beyond. Exploring an important topic of current times, this book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the areas of tourism, hospitality, gender studies, international relations, law, geography and sociology.
Neil Carr
Tourism and Animal Welfare
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Animals are among the most sought after tourist attractions and the impact on them is a matter of concern to an increasing number of people. Tourism and Animal Welfare uniquely addresses the issue of animal welfare within the tourism experience. It explores important foundations such as the meaning of 'animal welfare' and its relation to ethics, animal rights and human obligations to animals. It also explores the nature and diversity of the position and role of animals within tourism.'Tales from the front line' is the section of the book that provides the reader with the views and experiences of animal welfare organisations, individual leaders, tourism industry organisations and operators, and academic experts. These case studies and opinion pieces will encourage the reader to consider their own position regarding animals in tourism and their welfare. The book:· is written by an authoritative author team that draws from the fields of tourism studies (Neil Carr) and animal welfare science (Donald Broom);· contains 14 case studies written by internationally recognised experts and iconic individuals in the field of animal welfare;· is written in an engaging style and features full colour illustrations.From students and academics to vets and those working within the tourism industry, this book will provide an engaging and thought-provoking read. It will also appeal to those with an interest in animal welfare, particularly in relation to the tourism industry.
Professor Arch Woodside
Consumer Psychology of Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure, Volume 1
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Developed from a symposium held in Hawaii in August 1998, this book focuses on the diverse subject of consumer psychology as applied to the fields of tourism, hospitality and leisure. It provides a general review of current thinking and presents several new theories and methods of analysis. It consists of 20 chapters, divided into five parts, and is essential reading for researchers and practitioners dealing with consumers and their choices and perceptions. The examples included are international in nature and provide a well-balanced book. Authors contributing to the book are well-respected authorities from the UK, USA, Australia, New Zealand and continental Europe.
Professor Xavier Font
Tourism Ecolabelling
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There is currently immense interest in measuring the sustainability of tourism in general, and of ecotourism in particular. Hitherto, it has been difficult for consumers to know whether claims of tourism destinations and products being "ecologically sustainable" are based on hard evidence. The tourism industry has therefore been developing methods to measure these objectively in the form of ecolabels.This book is the first substantial book to review this subject. Emphasis is placed on the criteria used in ecolabels to determine sustainability, the marketing of ecologically-labelled tourism products and the management of current ecolabels and awards.
Susan L Slocum
Tourism Transformations in Protected Area Gateway Communities
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Gateway communities that neighbour parks and protected areas are impacted by tourism, while facing unique circumstances related to protected area management. Economic dependency remains a serious challenge for these communities, especially in a climate of neoliberalism, top-down policy environments, and park closures related to environmental degradation or government budgets. The collection of works in this edited book provide bottom-up, informed, and nuanced approaches to tourism management using local experiences from gateway communities and protected areas management emerging from a decade of guidelines, rulemaking, and exclusive decision-making. Global perspectives are presented and contextualized at the local level of gateway communities in an attempt to balance nature, community, and commerce, while supporting the triple bottom line of sustainable tourism. While anticipating a post-COVID 19 global shift, readers are encouraged to think through transformation and resiliency in regard to how the flux of supply vs demand alters gateway community perspectives on tourism. Specific features of this book include:· Focus on transformations, which provides insight into the complex and dynamic nature of gateway communities.· Multidisciplinary, multi-cultural insights into protected area management.· Applied and conceptual chapters from global perspectives.
Professor Noel Scott
Visitor Experience Design
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Most discussion of visitor experiences uses a behavioural or managerial approach where the way the visitor thinks is ignored - it's a black box. Visitor Experience Design is the first book of its kind to examine best practice in creating and delivering exciting and memorable travel and visitation experiences from a cognitive psychological perspective - it opens the black box. The chapters draw on recent findings from cognitive psychology, cognitive science and neuroscience to provide a basis for a better understanding of the antecedents of a memorable experience, including:· The psychological process of the formation or creation of a visitor's experiences· Psychological aspects of tourism experiences such as attention, emotion, memory and mindfulness· Pre-stage experience: customer inputs such as knowledge, myths, values and memories from previous travel · On-site experience: co-creation processes · Post-stage experience: immediate and long term outcomes including happiness and well-being· Experience design cases Tourism, hospitality and event managers seek to provide WOW experiences to their visitors through better design and management.This book encourages the discussion of different facets of experience design such as emotions, attentions, sensations, learning, the process of co-creation and experiential stimuli design.It will be of interest to tourism researchers and postgraduate students studying tourism management, marketing and product design.
Ralf Buckley
Nature-based Tourism, Environment and Land Management
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Tourism based on natural environments is a huge international industry and this industry needs access to land with scenery, native plants and wildlife. In turn, land managers need money to maintain their land and its natural resources. This book looks at the economic, social and environmental consequences of nature-based tourism. It discusses the importance of links and partnerships, as well as the conflicts,between commercial tourism interests and land management agencies. Born from the Fenner conference on Nature Tourism and the Environment, held in Canberra, Australia, 2001, the book includes selected proceedings which have been refereed and substantially revised.
Siemen van Berkum
Serbia on the Road to EU Accession
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Following Serbia's acceptance as a candidate for EU membership, it's agriculture and rural issues will receive major attention as agriculture is an important activity in Serbia, especially in the low-income rural areas. This raises questions such as: what will be the main challenges of EU membership for Serbia? What will EU membership imply for the structure and performance of the agri-food supply chain? How should Serbia address the adjustment process to comply with EU rules and face economic market forces best? This book explores the consequences of preparing for EU accession for Serbia's agricultural policies and its agri-food supply chain. The book presents a comprehensive description of Serbia's agricultural and food sectors, agricultural policies, trade, environmental, animal and plant health issues, and also addresses budgetary consequences of EU membership for both Serbia and the EU.
Malcolm Moseley
Local Partnerships for Rural Development
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This book has been developed from a report of the cross-national 'PRIDE' (Partnerships for Rural Integrated Development in Europe) research project. The research focused on the public and private sector rural development experience of six member states of the European Union, namely Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK.
Dr Konstantinos Andriotis
Degrowth in Tourism
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The modern-day world faces a hostile climate, depleted resources and the destruction of habitats. The dream that growth will lead to a materialistic utopia is left unfulfilled by a lack of ecological and economic capacity. The only choice is to find alternatives to increased growth, transform the structures and institutions currently shaping the world, change lifestyles and articulate a more credible vision for the future and lasting prosperity. As a reaction to the problems accrued by capitalism, new development approaches such as the concept of degrowth have evolved. Degrowth in Tourism explores newly-emerging development and philosophical approachesthat provide more equity for host communities and offer a low-carbon future by looking at alternatives to the classic models of development and applying the concept of degrowth in a tourism context. Proposing that we need to shift tourism research from models which prioritize commodified tourism experiences to those that offer alternative decommodified ones, this book:- Provides topical analysis and illustrates the key themes of degrowth;- Discusses the relationship between tourism and degrowth from both a historic perspective and through contemporary patterns of activity;- Includes international examples and case studies to translate theory into practical new approaches.A comprehensive review of the subject, this book will be of great interest to researchers and practitioners within tourism, development, environment and economics, as well as those specifically studying degrowth.
Stroma Cole
Tourism and Inequality
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Tourism has long been considered a source of social inequality, and as the industry continues to expand rapidly there is an increasing need for a better understanding of its consequences. Providing a synthesis of tourism as a source of injustice, Tourism and Inequality addresses a wide range of interrelated forms of inequality, investigating its association with class, nation, ethnicity, race, gender, disability and age. Chapters examine routes towards social justice and initiatives that aim to advance poverty alleviation, fair trade, ethics and human rights. The analysis of a wide variety of case studies from around the world allows an exploration into the ways that tourism can be used positively to alleviate the impacts of social injustice. Providing a unique multidisciplinary perspective, the authors aim to lead the way towards a more socially responsible future for tourism practise.
Dr Razaq Raj
Event Management and Sustainability
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Sustainable management is an important consideration for businesses and organisations, and the enormous number of tourism events taking place requiring facilities, power, transport, people and much more makes sustainable event planning a considerable priority. By looking at mega events, sports events, conferences and festivals, this book uses best practice case studies to illustrate sustainable management issues and practical considerations that managers need to apply, providing an essential reference for researchers and students in leisure and tourism.
Dr Savita Sharma
Technology and Social Transformations in Hospitality, Tourism and Gastronomy
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This book explores the relationship between technology and social transformation in tourism, hospitality and gastronomy. It presents research and case studies, elaborating on benchmark practices adopted by tourism and hospitality professionals.In recent years, technology has transformed the tourism and hospitality industry; the chapters in this book cover areas such as guest experience and service quality, as well as operational areas such as housekeeping and waste management.Further social transformation in tourism is a result of drivers such as a growing interest in gastronomy and the use of social media; this is covered in the first part of the book. The second part outlines how communities may learn from these events.With contributions from academics, entrepreneurs, destination managers and government officials from the South Asia region, this book offers a real insight in to these areas of growing interest and provide a useful resource for those researching and studying within the areas of tourism development and hospitality.
Young-Sook Lee
Arctic Tourism Experiences
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An exploration of Arctic tourism, focusing on tourist experiences and industry provision of those experiences; this is the first compilation to concentrate on the fundamental essence of the Arctic as being a geographical periphery, but also an experiential core that offers peak tourism experiences. Part 1 investigates the depth and dimensions of tourist experiences in the Arctic. Chapters examine the essence of diverse peak experiences and delve into the factors that give rise to these experiences. Part 2 considers the links between these core experiences and the tourism industry that seeks to sustain itself by facilitating such satisfying outcomes.
Kristine Toohey
Olympic Games
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This 2nd edition of a highly successful book (published in 2000) provides a comprehensive, critical analysis of the Olympic Games using a multi-disciplinary social science approach. This revised edition contains much new data relating to the Sydney 2000 Games and their aftermath; and preparations for Athens 2004 and Beijing 2008 Games. The book is broad-ranging and independent in its coverage, and includes the use of drugs, sex testing, accusations of power abuse among members of the IOC, the Games as a stage for political protest, media-related controversies, economic costs and benefits of the Games and historical conflicts between organizers and host communities.
Professor Thiago Allis
Tourism Case Studies Latin America Region
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Latin America is a complex mosaic of nations, people and landscapes, with unique cultural, scenic and economic resources but with no more than 6% of global international tourist arrivals (World Bank, 2019). The region hosts several top international destinations - such as the Caribbean islands and the sacred city of the Incas, Machu Picchu (Peru). Cities like São Paulo and Mexico City are internationally known for their Meetings Incentives Conferences and Exhibitions (MICE) sector. Galapagos (Ecuador) and Fernando de Noronha (Brazil) are areas of significant ecological importance.However, even if some of the destinations are well known internationally, the region is still seen as an untouched source for tourism at global and regional scales. Moreover, the region is still underrepresented in international tourism literature and content for pedagogical and educational purposes still limited.This gap needs to be filled, to help inform tourism developments and to better educate the next generation. This can help shift students and practitioners away from an over-dependence on models and ideas developed and tested in different social and cultural settings that may not be appropriate for a Latin American context. Therefore, this book aims to bring together researchers, students, practitioners and other agents involved with research, teaching and the operation of tourism to share their research and work experiences in Latin America, in the form of case studies focusing on real-world examples.
Professor Scott H. Irwin
Speculation by Commodity Index Funds
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Commodity futures prices exploded in 2007-2008 and concerns about a new type of speculative participant in commodity futures markets began to emerge. The main argument was that unprecedented buying pressure from new "commodity index" investors created massive bubbles that resulted in prices substantially exceeding fundamental value. At the time, it was not uncommon to link concerns about speculation and high prices to world hunger, food crises, and civil unrest. Naturally, this outcry resulted in numerous regulatory proposals to restrict speculation in commodity futures markets.At the core, these assertions raised major economic questions about the efficiency of price discovery in commodity futures markets. Moreover, these so-called remedies did not come without a potential cost. Burdensome regulations would increase compliance and risk sharing costs across the global food system, lowering prices for producers and increasing costs to consumers.This book presents important research on the impact of index investment on commodity futures prices that the authors conducted over the last fifteen years. The eleven articles presented in the book follow the timeline of our involvement in the world-wide debate about index funds as it evolved after 2007. We also include an introductory chapter, new author forewords for each article chapter, and a lessons learned chapter to round out the book. Policy-makers, researchers, and market participants will find the book not only functions as useful documentation of the debate; but, also as a natural starting point when high commodity prices inevitably create the next speculation backlash.
Ralf Buckley
Case Studies in Ecotourism
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As a counterpart to the growing volume of more theoretical literature in ecotourism, this volume presents a global compilation and analysis of over 170 real-life case studies in ecotourism, selected after an extensive screening process. It includes ecotours on land and sea, ecolodges and resorts, private reserves and public parks. The case studies range from the world’s best models to test cases, small and large, unique to representative. Data has been drawn from independent audits by the author and others, and from published reports from universities, multilateral and non-government organisations. The book shows what ecotourism can achieve and what constraints it faces, and provides a convenient and comprehensive reference for ecotourism enterprises, development agencies and university teaching.
Peter Burns
Tourism and Visual Culture, Volume 1
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Tourism is an essentially visual experience: we leave our homes so as to travel to see places, thus adding to our personal knowledge about, and experience of, the world. The study of tourism as a complex social phenomenon, beyond simply business, is increasing in importance, and by providing an examination of perceptions of culture and society in tourism destinations through the tourist's eyes, this book discusses how destinations were, and are, created and perceived through the 'lens' of the tourist's gaze.
Nancy Duxbury
Creative Tourism
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This book provides a synthesis of current research and international best practice in the emerging field of creative tourism. Including knowledge, insights, and reflections from both practitioners and researchers, it covers types of creative tourist, trends, designing and implementing creative tourism products, embedding activities in a community and place, and addressing sustainability challenges. Applying lessons learned from the CREATOUR project and other initiatives, the editors present key information in an actionable manner best suited to people working on the ground. The book: - Addresses important issues such as local economic benefit, social and collaborative economy, community engagement, social inclusion, youth empowerment, cross-cultural exchange, and responsible travel. - Provides a core, introductory text plus a wide range of cases examining creative tourism development in practice in the following 15 countries: Austria, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, Kenya, Namibia, Portugal, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Slovenia, Spain, Thailand, and the USA. - Includes colour photos, diagrams, text boxes, and call-out quotations throughout to help guide and engage readers. A vital resource for tourism agencies, practitioners, planners and policymakers interested in developing creative tourism programmes and activities, this book will also be of interest to cultural and creative tourism researchers, students, and teachers of tourism and culture-based development.
Dimitri Ioannides
Polar Tourism and Communities
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Prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, the Arctic and Antarctic regions were experiencing significant growth in tourist arrivals. In the aftermath of this global crisis, the tourism industry has rebounded and the number of tourists visiting the polar regions is expected to keep growing significantly in the coming years. Remote regions are increasingly accessible as tourism actors develop technologies, diversify activities and itineraries, and climate change worsens. In the Arctic, tourism now takes place year-round through various modalities, ranging from exclusive icebreaker expeditions to the North Pole to mass tourism practices in several destinations such as Rovaniemi, Reykjavik, Longyearbyen or Skagway, wherein tourism not only brings opportunities, but also new challenges to local communities. Meanwhile, gateway cities to Antarctica such as Ushuaia and its inhabitants are set to recover from the severe adverse effects due to the virtual standstill of tourism in the region.This book fills the gap in literature on polar tourism and communities. Through several examples encompassing the Arctic and Antarctica, various chapters examine how both the tourism industry and various communities impact and influence each other from economic, sociocultural, political and environmental perspectives.The contents provide a general perspective regarding polar tourism and chapters focusing on challenges and/or experiences of the communities that are related to tourism in the polar regions and delivers: · Exploration of the complex interactions between polar tourism and local communities· Coverage of a broad range of topics including safety, environmental care, increase in the number of visitors, and the pursuit of new experiences at the farthest extremes of the world.Overall, this book provides a unique and timely analysis of the complex interactions between polar tourism and local communities and could be of interest to advanced-level students and researchers in tourism studies and polar geographies.
Dr Joseph M Cheer
Islandscapes and Tourism
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The links between islands and tourism, as sights of pleasure is embodied in the touristification of sun, sand and sea. Islandscapes are central to the tourist imaginaries that shape islands as touristified places - curated, designed and commodified for both mass tourism and more niche inclined versions. Yet while islands are parlayed for touristic pleasure seekers, islands are also home to longstanding communities that have variously battled with the tyranny of distance from metropolitan centres, as well as the everyday challenges of climate change effects, and benefitted from their isolation from modern-day pressures.To what extent are islandscapes resilient to rapidly changing utilities, significances and ways of life wrought by tourism expansion? The vulnerability-resilience duality remains firmly entrenched in the discourse on islands where tourism has become prominent. Although tourism provides some resiliency, overall, islandscapes remain subject to externally driven fast and slow change that exercises an overwhelming influence.This anthology of articles previously published in the journal Shima explores emergent themes that describe how island peoples adapt and respond in localised cultural islandscapes as a consequence of tourism expansion. It is aimed at researchers in island studies, tourism, sustainability, human geography, cultural studies, sociology and anthropology. The anthology will also be of interest to those with an abiding interest in the trajectories of islands and their peoples, particularly where tourism has come to shape islandscapes.
Dogan Gursoy
Handbook of Scales in Tourism and Hospitality Research
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As the field of tourism and hospitality experiences maturity and scientific sophistication, researchers need to fully understand the breadth and depth of existing scales that help explain, understand, monitor, and predict not only behaviour but also consequences of such behaviour as a function of demand and supply interactions in the field. By introducing the importance of measurement and scales and providing groupings of existing scales The Handbook of Scales in Tourism and Hospitality Research serves as the state of the art reference book in the field of tourism, hospitality and allied fields such leisure, recreation, and services management.
Dr Stella Kladou
Tourism Planning and Development in the Middle East
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Given the historical and cultural richness of countries in the Middle East region, as well as the economic development many have exhibited in recent years, tourism planning and development gains much significance for both scholars and practitioners. Turbulence, conflicts and crises exhibited in the area add further dimensions that need to be incorporated in tourism strategies and planning, and be taken into consideration by experts at an institutional, corporate and educational level. Furthermore, in order to effectively deal with aspects of sustainability, visions and strategies in the region need to build upon good practices. As a result, a greater understanding is required of the factors influencing decision-making on tourism matters as well as on the impacts and implications of sustainable tourism development. This book, written by an international team of experts, addresses the need to examine tourism development and planning in the Middle East from a sustainability perspective by embracing case studies and examples from the region. Through its collection of chapters, the book considers tourism planning and development from the economic, socio-cultural, environmental and regulatory perspectives of sustainability. Thus, the book advances understandings of the positive and negative impacts of tourism development as well as how turbulence, crisis, synergies and the top-down and bottom-up approaches to tourism development are connected to different problems and implications for local communities, the region and the relationship of the Middle East with the rest of the world. An essential resource for tourism practitioners, decision-makers in private and public organisations, government bodies and consultants, not only from the Middle East, but for all those who want an encompassing view of global tourism.
Guilherme Lohmann
Tourism Theory
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Theories within tourism can be difficult, even confusing areas to understand. Developed from the successful Portuguese textbook Teoria do Turismo, Tourism Theory provides clear and thorough coverage of all aspects of tourism theory for students and researchers of tourism.Consisting of five sections and over fifty entries, this book covers nine of the most important models in tourism study. The first three sections examine general concepts in tourism; disciplines and topics; and the tourist, which includes areas such as demand, gaze, psychology and typologies. A fourth section covers intermediation, distribution and travel, reviewing aspects such as travel agencies, tourist flows and multi-destination travel patterns. The final section encapsulates the tourism destination itself, covering organizations, the destination image, supply, seasonality and more. Encyclopedic cross-referencing between entries makes navigation easy, while in-depth analysis, exercises and further reading suggestions for each of the selected areas provide the context and detail needed for understanding. Entries can be used individually as a reference, or as part of the whole for a complete introduction to tourism theory.
Gianna Moscardo
Building Community Capacity for Tourism Development
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Tourism has become an important tool for development in rural, remote and peripheral regions in the last 50 years. However, in many places, tourism has failed to produce the promised benefits and often caused negative impacts due to a lack of local entrepreneurial capacity to benefit from tourism business opportunities, inadequate understanding of tourism markets and limited community awareness of tourism and its impacts. Drawing attention to the potential outcomes to communities when using tourism as a development strategy, this book provides a focused analysis of this emerging issue and seeks to provide positive guidance on improving the process of tourism planning and development. Chapters compile evidence and examples of how community capacity for tourism can be built and enhanced using case studies from Asia, Africa, South America, the South Pacific and rural Australia and the United States. Providing models and frameworks that can be applied to any developing area, this book will be useful to both academic researchers and government policy makers interested in tourism and rural development.
Erdogan Koc
Service Failures and Recovery in Tourism and Hospitality
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Tourism and hospitality services are highly prone to service-failure due to a high level of customer-employee contact and the inseparable, intangible, heterogeneous and perishable nature of these services.Service Failures and Recovery in Tourism and Hospitality, with its extensive coverage of the literature, presents an invaluable source of information for academics, students, researchers and practitioners. In addition to its extensive coverage of the literature in terms of recent research published in top tier journals, chapters in the book contain student aids, real-life examples, case studies, links to websites and activities alongside discussion questions and presentation slides for in-class use by teaching staff.This book is enhanced with supplementary resources including customizable lecture slides.
Graham Dann
Tourist as a Metaphor of the Social World
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This book contains a selection of papers from the prestigious Research Committee on International Tourism presented at the World Congress of the International Sociological Association, Brisbane, Australia, July 2002. It provides a sociological and anthropological critique of existing tourism theory as well as some directions for its future development and research. While much of the present understanding of the tourist and tourism is grounded in metaphor (e.g. tourism as a sacred journey, tourism as play, the tourist as a child, etc.) such analogies need to be linked to transformations in tourism generating and receiving societies. Hence the focus on the tourist and everyday life, socio-psychological dimensions of the tourist experience, the tourist and conflicting expectations, and the tourist in a changing world.
Richard Butler
Giants of Tourism
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$191.15
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The development of tourism and its associated elements owes much to the efforts of individuals. Many of them left imprints on tourism, through their innovations, promotion or insight, that have continued long after they have departed the scene. This volume consists of essays by experts in their fields on individuals who have influenced tourism over many hundreds of years of travel: development of destinations, services and accommodation, creation of transportation links and attractions, tourist behaviour, innovations in the era of large scale tourism and establishment of future trends.
Suhas P Wani
Corporate Social Responsibility
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$69.20
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This book examines the design and implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities in rural areas, based on collaboration between well-known corporates and an international research organization. Researchers used various scientific tools and methods to enhance rural livelihoods and improve sustainable natural resources management. Including three chapters covering the philosophy and practices of CSR, this book covers emerging policies and their implications in India. Eight case studies based on actual practices explore climate-resilient agriculture, water footprint, improving livelihoods, diversification of crop pattern, enhancing crop productivity, and sustainable development in low rainfall regions. Five further chapters cover soil health improvement, improving rural wastewater management and enhancing rural livelihoods, based on various case studies. The book offers macro and micro perspectives of CSR work and its critical benefits to both community and natural resources. This book covers:Philosophy and practices of corporate social responsibility.Impact studies on improving livelihoods and sustainable development of natural resources.Process steps across various CSR initiatives.Distinct features of each corporate agency.This book will be useful to corporates, individuals involved in CSR work as well as students and researchers focused on agricultural development and the sustainable development of natural resources.
Metin Kozak
Tourist Behaviour
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$170.95
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Consumer research is often central to academic studies in many different fields, and more recently, tourism studies have empirically examined consumer research from various aspects. However, there is a need to provide information for tourism scholars on how to better understand aspects of tourist behaviour. Tourist Behaviour: An International Perspective provides a collection of topics from both theoretical and practical approaches to building and examining the theory of how consumers think and act within the context of tourism consumption. Divided in to six sections, the book presents research within the themes of influence, motivation, choice, and consumption and experience. With contributions from authors in over 15 countries, the book presents an interdisciplinary approach of the latest research in tourist behaviour. Key Features: The most recent global research on this topic. An interdisciplinary approach. Contributors from 15 different countries.
Paul Eagles
Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas
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$216.70
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This book describes the state of the art of tourism planning and management in national parks and protected areas. It also provides guidelines for best practice in tourism operations.
Richard W Benfield
New Directions in Garden Tourism
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$134.30
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Following on from the success of Garden Tourism, this book providesan update on the statistics and growth of the global phenomenon ofgarden visitation. It delves into new themes and contemporary trends,from art and culture to psychographic profiling of visitors and howsocial media and semiotics are used to enrich visitor experience andfuel motivation.In addition to these new topics, the book also expands on importantareas such as the continued rise of urban gardens, garden events,historic gardens and garden economics. It features: Visitor statistics for gardens around the world up to 2019. New case studies of The National Garden of Wales, MissouriBotanic Garden, Queens Botanic Garden, and Bombay SapphireGin Distillery in Hampshire, UK. Full-colour images that show gardens in airports, new structuresand initiatives in botanic gardens, the use of botanicals in gindistilling, animals and birds and the importance of gardens to theirsurvival, and garden responses to the restrictions imposed onthem by the COVID -19 pandemic.This new book provides a wealth of information for garden managersand tourism students. It is written in an engaging style that will appealto garden managers, students of horticulture and tourism, and casualreaders interested in the phenomena of gardens.
Stephen McCool
Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability
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$203.00
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Sustainable development is the single most important consideration for those working in the tourism industry. Presenting a discussion by leading contributors on the impacts of tourism on local culture and the environment, this new edition moves forward the debates in sustainable tourism, covering new locations, concepts and perspectives, and new case studies providing a global outlook for a universal issue.
Jack Carlsen
Island Tourism
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$191.15
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Islands are the most vulnerable and fragile of tourism destinations and will experience even more pressure as the combined impacts of economic, social and environmental change accelerate in the future. In order to understand the process of island tourism development, response to change and challenges and their journey to sustainability, this book provides insights and instruction on topics including social, cultural, environmental and economic aspects of island tourism. It contains essential information for policymakers, planners, researchers, managers and operators within the tourism industry.
Dr Peter Robinson
Tourism
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$151.15
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Fully revised, Tourism, 2nd edition covers aspects of tourism from a modern perspective, providing students with a range of theoretical and research-based explanations, supported by examples, case studies and unique insights from industry representatives.The many facets of tourism management are presented in a style that is as relevant for 1st year students as it is for postgraduates. The text offers introductory definitions and detailed discussions of contemporary issues that recognize current teaching practice around the world. Covering topics such as policy and planning, heritage management, leisure management, event management and hospitality management, the book tackles the practical elements of academic tourism such as infrastructure management and economic development, together with other important contemporary issues such as sustainable development and post-tourists. This new edition also features:Updated and new contemporary case studies, including countries such as Egypt, Croatia and The PhilippinesNew material on tourism and sustainability including the SDGs Unions in the travel and tourism sectorsGender issues in travel and tourismAugmented reality and robotsProsumption and co-creationContributions from professionals working in the tourism industry for a real-world perspectiveA fresh new layout and full colour text and figures that make it easy to locate information and aid learningLinks to new video material throughout, which provide easy access to additional content for further study This will be an essential text for all students of travel and tourism at all levels of study.
Dr Anna Farmaki
Peer-to-peer Accommodation and Community Resilience
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$125.60
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The growth of peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation has been remarkable. However, the rapid expansion of the phenomenon has yielded several concerns over its potentially negative economic, social and environmental impacts. These impacts are highlighted in policy agendas as an emerging problem encountered by many local communities in destinations experiencing a boom in P2P accommodation. Specifically, concerns have been raised over the impact of the growth of P2P accommodation on local housing markets, residents' well-being and the environment as a result of the touristification of residential areas. In fact, many observers accuse P2P accommodation of fuelling the 'overtourism' problem that several destinations face. This edited book addresses the need to examine the P2P accommodation phenomenon from a community resilience lens. In particular, through a collection of chapters presenting a range of empirical and conceptual perspectives from urban and rural communities, the book considers the implications of P2P accommodation growth on the resilience of local communities and the sustainable development of places. This book highlights:· The rapid growth of P2P accommodation yields economic, social and environmental negative impacts on destinations.· The P2P accommodation sector is evolving towards professionalization which, in turns, creates further implications for local community resilience.· This book draws attention towards the need to examine the nexus between P2P accommodation, sustainability and local community resilience.· The collection of chapters presents empirical and conceptual perspectives from urban and rural communities.· Chapters impart significant insights to policymakers, practitioners and academics in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Heather Zeppel
Indigenous Ecotourism
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$191.15
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Dealing with indigenous ecotourism as a special type of nature-based tourism, Indigenous Ecotourism examines the key principles of this field through global case studies and analyses the key factors for sustainable development.
Graham Dann
The Language of Tourism: A Sociolinguistic Perspective
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$136.50
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Languages convey messages, have a heuristic or semantic content, and operate through a conventional system of symbols and codes. In this book, it is shown that tourism, in the act of promotion, as well as in the accounts of its practitioners and clients, has a discourse of its own. The language of tourism is however much more than just a metaphor. Through pictures, brochures and other media, the language of tourism attempts to seduce millions of people into becoming tourists and subsequently to control their attitudes and behaviour. Tourists, in turn, contribute further to this language through the communication of their experiences. This book provides the first sociolinguistic treatment of tourism. It draws on both semiotic analyses of tourism and on the content of promotional material produced by the tourism industry. The author writes in a way that is both rigorous but accessible. Providing a highly original treatment, the book is of interest to all studying tourism from a social science perspective. In addition, it has important implications for tourism marketing and for professionals in the tourism industry.
Robert Manning
Managing Outdoor Recreation
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$184.70
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This fully updated second edition presents a conceptual framework of outdoor recreation management in the form of a series of management matrices. It then illustrates this framework through new and updated case studies in the US national parks, and concludes with the principles of outdoor recreation management.Written by an author team with extensive academic and practical experience in the field of outdoor recreation, the book:- Develops and presents a matrix-based framework of strategies and practices for managing outdoor recreation in a sustainable way.- Illustrates application of best management practices through a series of case studies in diverse national parks.- Includes lecture slides and online matrices to aid the teaching of outdoor recreation management to a new generation.Managing Outdoor Recreation, 2nd Edition is an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate students of parks, outdoor recreation and related subjects, as well as a helpful tool for practitioners.
Stephen Wearing
Volunteer Tourism: Experiences that Make a Difference
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$165.05
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Volunteer tourism describes a field of tourism in which travellers visit a destination and take part in projects in the local community. Projects are commonly nature-based, people-based or involve restoration of buildings and artefacts. Contemporary volunteer tourism has tended to suffer from a lack of differentiation from other forms of tourism or volunteering, falling into areas such as alternative tourism, international volunteering, social work and conservation corps work. The aim of this book is to provide it with a more specific identity. This book provides: An overview of the phenomenon of volunteer tourism, its sources and its development as a concept a focus on the potential positive social and environmental benefits of volunteer tourism, and the prerequisites for a successful experience.
Richard Voase
Tourism in Western Europe
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$178.10
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The last twenty years has seen a proliferation of the term "tourist destination". Improbable places, such as industrial cities and isolated rural environments have become legitimate places to visit. At the same time, traditional tourist destinations such as coastal resorts have declined in popularity. There is a shift from "old" to "new" tourism. These case histories examine these issues.The book is divided into three sections, dealing with political, economic and sociocultural reasons for change.
Yvette Reisinger
Transformational Tourism
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$63.40
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Transformational Tourism deals with the important issue of how travel and tourism can change human behaviour and have a positive impact on the world. The book focuses on human development in a world dominated by post-9/11 security and political challenges, economic and financial collapses, as well as environmental threats; it identifies various types of tourism that can transform human beings, such as educational, volunteer, survival, community-based, eco, farm, extreme, religious, spiritual, wellness, and mission tourism.
Professor David B Weaver
Ecotourism in the Less Developed World
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$198.10
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Ecotourism is the result of increasing interest amongst consumers in developed countries in exploring the natural world as an alternative to more conventional holidays, along with a desire to reduce the environmental and cultural impact of their activities. It is, therefore, a relatively new sector of the tourism industry. This book is unique in defining, describing and analysing ecotourism in the less developed countries and its effects, in all parts of the world. The first three chapters set the broader industry context and geographical scope of the book. This is followed by country case studies on Costa Rica, Kenya, Nepal and Thailand and a chapter on the Caribbean and South Pacific. In the final chapter, the common themes and patterns which emerge are discussed with regard to strategies for future developments. This book is essential reading for lecturers, advanced students and researchers in tourism and for those actively involved in ecotourism in less developed countries. It will also be valuable to other tourism industry staff, geographers, development economists and government and regional policy makers.
M Stabler
Tourism and Sustainability
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$247.90
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Tourism is at the forefront of the debate on development versus sustainability. The challenge facing the industry is how to translate principles into practice and to attain a balance between the objectives of tourism development and the long-term conservation of physical, ecological and sociocultural environments. This book addresses these issues, particularly from economic, ethical and environmental perspectives. It has been developed from selected papers presented at a conference held at Newton Rigg College, Cumbria, UK, in April 1996. It is divided into four parts, addressing: concepts, theories and methodological issues; the tourism industry’s promotion of sustainable tourism; minimising environmental impact by means of alternative forms of tourism; and policy implications. The book includes a wide range of case studies and destinations where tourism is rapidly developing in fragile environments, including Belize, Crete, Goa, the English Lake District, Madagascar, Malaysia, the Seychelles and Spain. It represents important reading for both undergraduate and postgraduate students, research workers and tourism industry practitioners, whether from the standpoint of geography, sociology, economics, management and marketing or planning.
Brent Ritchie
Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific
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$197.05
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The Asia-Pacific area is notable as one of the fastest growing tourism regions and not surprisingly, tourism in this region has become the major driver of global tourism in general. Nonetheless, tourism industries in Asia Pacific has been challenged in recent years by a number of major crises and disasters including terrorism, outbreaks (e.g. SARS and Bird Flu), natural disasters (e.g. tsunamis, bushfires, flooding), and political crisis (e.g. protests and political instability).The aim of this book is to contribute to the understanding of crisis and disaster management generally, but with a specific focus on the Asia Pacific. With chapters contributed by international scholars and practitioners, this book discusses both the theoretical and practical approaches toward successful crisis and disaster management.
Professor Valentine Udoh James
Capacity Building for Sustainable Development
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$69.20
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Capacity building is a topic of intense focus in many industrialized countries. This book explores the theoretical underpinnings of capacity building to sustain the natural, cultural and human resources of communities. It reviews the extensive literature on capacity-building strategies and policies and examines the implications of sustainable development in communities around the world. The book's approach is both theoretical and applied. It offers methods of operationalizing sustainable development and sustainability theories and explores capacity building methods at different levels of government. Successful practices in non-governmental and governmental agency roles are examined. By considering the path towards embracing whole, or partial, sustainability, it provides a comprehensive analysis and examination of how to build capacity in tackling many development problems, especially those linked to infrastructure accumulation and land-use development. Contributors shed light on the overall impact of globalisation and many concepts related to sustainable development and sustainability of the economic socio-cultural and environmental systems. This book:· Examines the links between environment and sustainable development; · Provides models for capacity building;· Considers the role of globalization in sustainable development;· Renders a theoretical and applied examination of the issues;· Provides multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches.This book is recommended for research libraries, for graduate studies in economic development, sustainable development, environmental management; and undergraduate studies relating to developing and emerging countries. It is also useful for government officials, researchers, decision makers and policy analysts involved in sustainable development.
Lori Ann McVay
Rural Women in Leadership
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$191.15
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* Takes a new slant on an increasingly important development issue* There is a noticeable gap in extant literature concerning positive factors beneficial to rural women’s leadership development. This book addresses that gap through a concentrated focus on the presence of such positive factors and the ways in which they contribute to the success of rural women in overcoming barriers to leadership.* The dynamic relationship of External and Internal Factors is highlighted through distillation into five Key Factors cited by rural women as not only supportive of their leadership development, but also as crucial to the development of aspiring rural women leaders.
Robyn Bushell
Tourism and Protected Areas
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$165.05
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Published on behalf of The Task Force on Tourism and Protected Areas of the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) of the World Conservation Union (IUCN), this book serves as a comprehensive record of the tourism issues discussed at the World Parks Congress held in Durban, South Africa in 2003. The issues discussed reflect the past 10 years of global challenges and lessons learnt in protected area management, the place of tourism in this and the projected issues for the next decade.
Bruce Prideaux
River Tourism
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$178.10
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Rivers constitute a major tourism resource, providing spectacular settings, recreation facilities, a means of transport, a sense of heritage and adventure, and links with the environment and natural world. River tourism accounts for a significant proportion of the world’s tourism consumption, with activities such as Nile cruises and rafting holidays making it an economically important area of tourism demanding in-depth analysis. This book explores river tourism from a range of perspectives including uses, heritage, management, environmental concerns, and marketing
Andrew Jones
Disappearing Destinations
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$178.10
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Providing a thorough examination of the threats posed to destinations by tourism, this comprehensive text discusses how popular and fragile destinations such as the Great Barrier Reef could become severely damaged and forced to close to tourists if current tourism trends continue. The consequences of tourism growth, predicted changes, and management and policy responses are reviewed. The book will explore tourism in the context of climate change and vulnerable environments, exploring the situation at local level and in a wider perspective using international case studies throughout and providing future recommendations. It will be an essential text for researchers, policymakers and students in tourism, ecotourism, environmental conservation, planning, coastal management and engineering, climate change and marine conservation.
Petri Hottola
Tourism Strategies and Local Responses in Southern Africa
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$191.15
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Tourism growth is one of the primary drivers of economic development and is a core strategy at local and national levels to improve the lives of local communities. However, tourism can bring both advantages and disadvantages to communities and not all national strategies in tourism management are applicable or suitable in private, community-based and public sectors. Tourism is used as a main instrument of nation building in many postcolonial countries such as Namibia, South Africa, Botswana and Madagascar. Using case studies from these areas, this book examines the strategic objectives for tourism growth and how nationally-set objectives such as economic growth, increased employment, poverty reduction, black economic empowerment, environmental sustainability and reduction of regional inequalities work at the grassroots level. Challenging ongoing practices and providing new innovations for tourism development applicable to other developing countries, this study will be useful for both researchers and decision makers in tourism.
John Stanley
Food Tourism
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$184.60
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The fastest growth in tourism is the culinary sector. Covering farmers markets, taste tours, agri-entertainment, glamping, restaurants, farm shops and more, food tourism has become both an important part of holidaying and a purpose in itself. With growth occurring in most developed countries and tourists searching out culinary tourism throughout the world, this book provides an overall direction to the development of food tourism and a section on the future of this trend.
Carlos Monterrubio
Tourism Planning and Development in Latin America
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$184.45
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Despite the significance of tourism to the economic, social and environmental structures of Latin America, little has been documented in the English-language literature about tourism in this region. Filling that void, this book focuses exclusively on tourism development and planning, and the impact this has on a wide number of Latin American countries. It covers experiences, challenges, successful and unsuccessful stories, specific cases, and other tourism-related issues, with respect to 10 countries in total. Each chapter is authored by scholars who have done extensive research on tourism in the countries covered. This book:Examines the impact of tourism development and planning within Latin American countries.Takes a multidisciplinary approach including Anthropology, Development, Economics, Ecology, Policy, Sociology and Tourism Planning and Management.Is the first book in English to offer an insight into extensive research undertaken within the region.This book will provide a valuable insight for tourism researchers, practitioners and decision-makers in private and public organisations, not only from the regions of Central, South and North America, but also individuals from other parts of the world who want a more encompassing view of global tourism.
David Harrison
Mass Tourism in a Small World
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$166.05
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This book reviews all aspects of the phenomenon of mass tourism. It covers theoretical perspectives (including political economy, ethics, sustainability and environmentalism), the historical context, and the current challenges to domestic, intra-regional and international mass tourism. As tourism and tourist numbers continue to grow around the world, it becomes increasingly important that this subject is studied in depth and best practice applied in real-life situations. This book:- Is the first to address a range of theoretical issues relating to mass tourism;- Uses a wide selection of case studies to translate theory into practice, covering the historical rise and fall of UK seaside resorts, the increase in Chinese tourism, conflict between different mass tourism groups, destination transformation from mass to niche tourism, and specific problems facing cruise ships;- Is written by a range of international, established authors to give a global perspective on the subject.Finishing with a speculative chapter identifying potential future trends and challenges, this book forms an essential resource for all researchers and students within tourism studies.
Eric Laws
Crisis Management in Tourism
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$216.70
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The history of modern tourism records many localized and some international crises characterized by extreme and sudden reduction in demand for specific destination areas or types of tourism product. Managerial responses to such events include both problem solving and market recovery steps, but these vary in effectiveness and recovery may be slow to occur after the initial problems are overcome. With examples drawn from the UK, Europe, America, Australia and Asia, this book brings together a range of expert academic analysis of the latest thinking and practice in this increasingly important area of tourism management.
Michelle McLeod
Tourism Management in Warm-water Island Destinations
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$69.20
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Warm-water islands are a cohesive group of islands distinguished by their geography and remoteness, history as former colonial territories, and dependence on external stakeholders for their economic and social development. Warm-water island destinations also have a year-round tourism industry. These island tourism destinations are facing unprecedented adjustment challenges in the wake of increasing globalization and susceptibility to external shocks, and are in search of appropriate policy responses to that globalization. It is critical for small islands to understand how these challenges affect tourism performance and how they impact their residents. Tourism Management in Warm-water Island Destinations unearths the critical aspects that contribute to tourism development and growth in islands. Particular emphasis is placed on destinations such as the Caribbean, with lessons learned that are applicable to other island tourism contexts in the Mediterranean, Indian Ocean and the Pacific. · Presents emerging research themes and methodology;· Provides insight into factors that result in successful and unsuccessful cases;· Features a focus on Cuba and its reintroduction to the tourism landscape. This book provides a platform for emerging systemic perspectives of the various aspects of island tourism, with the view that strategies for the management and development of tourism in island environments can be improved and will be of interest to those studying and researching within destination management.
Dr Michelle Szydlowski
Elephant Tourism in Nepal
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$162.00
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A study of elephant tourism in Nepal from its origins in the 1960s to the present day, this book examines the challenges faced by captive elephants. Used as human conveyance, on anti-poaching patrol teams, as rescue vehicles, and in forestry service, elephants have worked with and for humans for hundreds of years. However, the use of elephants in tourism is a fairly new development within Nepal. Because the health and welfare of tourism elephants is vital to the conservation of wild individuals, this book offers an assessment of captive elephant needs and an examination of their existing welfare statuses.Numerous NGOS and INGOs are now active in elephant lives, and numerous advocacy organizations have arisen with the goal of changing tourism practices and improving captive elephant welfare.This book seeks to examine the motivations of these NGOs and INGOs, and to consider their ethical approaches to elephant health and welfare. Are the motivations of these organizations similar enough to work together towards a common goal, or are their ethical norms so different that they get in one another's way? Using an ordinary language and ethics framework, this text aims to identify the norms of cultures and organisations and reframe them in ways which may allow for more successful interactions.
Kevin Meethan
Tourism, Consumption and Representation
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$178.10
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This book addresses the practices of consumption in tourism, a major theme in the sociology of tourism. To date, most tourism analysis has tended to concentrate on the production of tourist space, and assume that tourism consumption simply mirrors the intentions of the producers. By focussing on a number of relevant sub-themes, such as age, gender, religion and sexual orientation, the chapters within this book critically examine such assumptions in terms of the interplay between the production and consumption of tourist spaces, and how patterns of tourism consumption are negotiated on an individual level.
Dieter Müller
Tourism in Peripheries
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$178.10
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Using case studies from North America, Scandinavia, Scotland, New Zealand and the Polar Regions this book explores the use of tourism as a vehicle for regional development in peripheral areas. Topics covered include tourism management, rights of access, tourism destination communities, tourism impacts and regional development. The book identifies the core obstacles facing tourism in peripheral regions and highlights that tourism development in peripheries is not any easy task.
Pamela Godde
Tourism and Development in Mountain Regions
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$228.60
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This book discusses the importance of mountain regions, and the precariousness of mountain tourism in the context of ecosystem and cultural conservation. It includes case studies of mountain tourism existing alongside environmental sustainability and community well being. The text presents an integrated approach to mountain-based tourism, balancing the needs of local communities, tourists and environmental conservation.
Kevin Lyons
Journeys of Discovery in Volunteer Tourism
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$178.10
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The fast-growing phenomenon of volunteer tourism encompasses a diverse range of activities, from conserving environments to working with host communities to alleviate poverty. However, understanding the complex relationship between volunteering and tourism requires a wide analytical framework. This book provides a broad and valuable insight into how volunteer tourism is growing and developing. Theoretical and empirical case studies from leading researchers in the field explore the experiences of the volunteer tourist and the power relationships between volunteers and host communities and commercial, non-commercial and government entities involved in developing and supporting volunteer tourism. The ambiguous and contested intersections between volunteering, travel and alternative tourism as a foundation for considering the future of volunteer tourism are also examined.
Joana Lima
Social Tourism
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$179.95
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Social tourism - the practice of offering programmes, events and activities to enable disadvantaged population groups to enjoy tourism - is of increasing interest to academia. Beginning with an introduction to the social tourism concept, its relevance and target groups, this book then provides reflections about emerging topics case studies of programmes in action across Europe, Oceania and the Americas. It considers the tourism experience from the point of view of young people, families, senior citizens and people with disabilities, before covering the impacts of social tourism initiatives on both participants and tourism destinations. It concludes by reflecting on the practical challenges and policy implications emerging from theory and practice, highlighting common challenges and identifying guidelines for designing social tourism initiatives.This book:Covers the challenges faced by the sector and the relevance of promoting tourism programmes for disadvantaged groups of society.Promotes research that bridges theory and practice, permitting the identification of guidelines for more effective social tourism initiatives. Includes case studies from around the world to provide a global perspective.An important read for researchers of tourism, social inclusion and accessibility, this book will therefore also be of interest to students and practitioners of these areas.
Patrizia Modica
Sustainable Island Tourism
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$170.95
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Tourism continues to grow, and as the industry develops, it is important for researchers and practitioners to fully understand and examine issues such as sustainability, competiveness, and stakeholder quality of life in tourism centres around the world. Focusing on the unique perspective of island tourism destinations, this book outlines impacts on, and potential strategies for protecting, the natural environment, local economy, and local culture. Presenting an interdisciplinary integrated approach, this important collection of new research: - Is the first book to provide coverage on sustainable tourism best practice in island destinations;- Focuses on the unique perspective of islands as destinations, exploring the interplays of competitiveness and quality of life;- Includes a portfolio of conceptual, empirical, and case-based studies written by international experts to give a balanced and comprehensive view. A timely and important read for researchers, students and practitioners of tourism, this book also provides a valuable resource for researchers of sustainability and environmental science.
Grant Cushman
Free Time and Leisure Participation
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$191.15
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In the 21st century free time is an increasingly precious resource. At the same time, leisure has never been more vital for ensuring individual and social health, wellbeing and quality of life. Around the world, governments and industry have responsibilities and opportunities to ensure provision of facilities for rest and play. To do this they require information on trends in free time and leisure in the community.This book is an expanded and updated edition of a previous work entitled World Leisure Participation: Free Time in the Global Village, by the same editors (CABI, 1996). It brings together the results of the most recent national leisure participation surveys from 15 countries, including three countries not previously covered. The book also includes increased coverage of time-budget surveys and new themes such as public policy dimensions. It also examines the methodological problems and challenges of conducting national surveys in the field, and their future prospects.
Derek Hall
Tourism, Climate Change and the Geopolitics of Arctic Development
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$146.20
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Greenland is becoming a critically important territory in terms of tourism, climate change and competition for resource access, yet it has been poorly represented in academic literature. Tourism now features as a major source of income for the territory alongside fisheries. Cruise tourism is increasing rapidly, and might superficially appear to be best suited to Greenlandic conditions, given the lack of large-scale accommodation infrastructure and almost non-existent land routes between settlements. Ironically, one of the most spectacular tourist attractions is the large number of icebergs that are being calved as the result of glacier retreat and ice cap melting, both appearing to be taking place at ever increasing rates. As a consequence of ice removal, the territory's claimed extensive range of mineral resources, not least rare earth elements and hydrocarbons, are becoming more accessible for exploitation and, thereby, are acting increasingly as the focus for geopolitical competition. This book explores the nature of dynamics between tourism, climate change and the geopolitics of natural resource exploitation in the Arctic and examines their interrelationships specifically in the critical context of Greenland, but within a framework that emphasises the wider global implications of the outcomes of such interrelationships.This book is the first to explore these interrelationships in depth in English.
D Hall
Tourism and Transition
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This volume presents current research on the roles and importance of tourism and its interrelationships with governance and development in societies that are moving or have moved from 'authoritarian' to liberal democratic economic and political models, and those adjusting to the accession requirements of an enlarged European Union. The geographical coverage ranges across Central and Eastern Europe, the Central and Eastern Mediterranean, Central Asia, China, and South Africa, and the identification of common themes and frameworks is a distinguishing characteristic of the book.
Andrés Artal-Tur
Destination Competitiveness, the Environment and Sustainability
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$74.95
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Destination competitiveness and sustainability are important issues for many stakeholders within the tourism industry. In recent years, destinations have faced some challenges with respect to maintaining sustainability; they must be cleaner, greener and safer in order to safeguard the life quality of holidaymakers and local residents. Providing an invaluable review of the latests research on the topic, global case studies provide a perspective of the worldwide challenges and solutions arising in the management of tourism destinations. The analysis presents an interdisciplinary approach, including contributions of economists, geographers, managers and marketing professionals.
Darius Liutikas
Religious Tourism and Globalization
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$130.00
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Is it possible to identify the positive and negative effects of globalization on religious tourism or to estimate the transformation of the internal and external constructs of pilgrimage by these effects?In order to address these questions, this book highlights the importance of the search for identity and transformative experience during religious tourism. It also looks at how, recently, globalization has played a part in the changes of the concept of personal and social identity and the transformative experience of pilgrimage.The chapters, consisting of carefully selected case studies, analyse possible effects including the adoption of different new rituals, new pilgrims' values, changes of tradition, acceptance of technologic innovations, development of new business models, and other environmental and sociocultural changes. The book provides:· a conceptual framework for understanding the impacts of globalization;· integrated cross-disciplinary approaches; and· an insight into major religious travel practices in the age of identity challenges and worldwide transformations.It will be suitable for researchers and students of religious tourism, pilgrimage, identity tourism, as well as related subjects such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, theology, history and cultural studies.
Dr Ian S. McIntosh
Many Voices of Pilgrimage and Reconciliation, The
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$166.05
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Reviewing peace and reconciliation, secular pilgrimages, and international perspectives on sacred journeys, this book offers the reader an opportunity to encounter multiple voices and viewpoints on one of the most ancient practices of humankind. With an estimated third of all international travellers now undertaking journeys anticipating an aspect of transformation (the hallmark of pilgrimage), this book includes both spiritual and non-spiritual voyages, such as journeys of self-therapy, mindfulness and personal growth. It also: - Provides a multidisciplinary perspective, covering themes such as gender, human rights, equality, the environment, peace, history, literature, and politics - Reflects the rich diversity and multiple meanings of pilgrimage through an international writer team spanning four continents- Includes case studies of pilgrimage in action from around the worldAn innovative and engaging addition to the pilgrimage literature, this book provides an important resource for researchers of religious tourism and related subjects.
Richard Butler
Tourism and Resilience
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$166.05
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This is the first book to address the concept of resilience and its specific application and relevance to tourism, in particular tourism destinations. Resilience relates to the ability of organisms, communities, ecosystems and populations to withstand the impacts of external forces while retaining their integrity and ability to continue functioning. It is particularly applicable to tourism destinations and attractions which are exposed to the potentially harmful and sometimes severe effects of tourism development and visitation, but which also can experience increased resilience from the economic benefits of tourism. Phenomena such as destination communities, wildlife populations and ecosystems are discussed, as well as the ability of places and communities to use tourism and its infrastructure to recover from disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, unrest and disease. This book: · Compares the relevance of resilience to sustainability· Contains contributions from many of the leading international authors· Brings together varying viewpoints of both conceptual and applied issues· Includes example case studies from Whistler, western Canada; Sri Lanka; Purnululu National Park, Australia; and the remote Pitcairn Island in the Pacific Tourism and Resilience is relevant for researchers, students and practitioners in tourism and related fields such as development studies, geography, sociology, anthropology, economics and business/management.
Dr Anukrati Sharma
Sustainable Destination Branding and Marketing
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$184.45
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Destination branding and marketing form the backbone of tourism industry growth, but it is increasingly important that the strategies employed consider and promote sustainable solutions. This book provides a comprehensive set of tools and techniques for branding and marketing for sustainable tourism development. It blends tourism and marketing strategies with practical, innovative information technology solutions and a psychological perspective, providing illustrative case studies and examples to aid understanding. Addressing opportunities and challenges across the field, it also reviews how different types of tourism such as community based, accessible, film, agricultural and cultural-heritage tourism entail unique issues for development. Competition between destinations has led to a real need for different strategies in order to differentiate the tourism product. This book:- Uniquely covers both marketing and branding of a destination from a sustainability perspective;- Considers the role of emotions and experiences when advertising a destination;- Brings together a set of global authors to provide a varied and universally applicable approach to the subject.A thought-provoking read for anyone interested in questions of sustainability in destinations, this book provides an invaluable resource for researchers of tourism, marketing and international development studies as well as destination managers.
Dr Ahmad Jamal
Islamic Tourism
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$69.20
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Islamic tourism is not purely motivated by religion; it also includes participants pursuing similar leisure experiences to non-Muslims, within the parameters set by Islam. Destinations are therefore not necessarily locations where Shari'a or full Islamic law is enforced. Demand for Islamic tourism destinations is increasing as the Muslim population expands, with the market forecast to be worth around US$238 billion. This book explores the ever-widening gap between the religious, tourism, management and education sectors. It provides practical applications, models and illustrations of religious tourism and pilgrimage management from a variety of international perspectives, and introduces theories and models in an accessible structure. The book:- Includes a range of contemporary case studies of religious and pilgrimage activities.- Covers ancient, sacred and emerging tourist destinations.- Reviews new forms of pilgrimage, faith systems and quasi-religious activities.This book offers an engaging assessment of the linkages and interconnections between Muslim consumers and the places they visit. It provides an important analysis for researchers of religious tourism, pilgrimage and related subjects.
John Connell
Medical Tourism
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$165.05
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Tourism has long been associated with improved health, resulting in a boom of spas, yoga and rejuvenation treatments. Medical tourism itself is a more recent example of niche tourism, with increasing numbers of people travelling abroad in search of cosmetic enhancement and solutions to various serious medical conditions often by surgery. Medical Tourism looks at the background and rise of health tourism, new emerging facets of the sector, and examines how medical tourism benefits local health care providers, economies and the tourism industry as a whole. It offers a unique overview of an emerging component of the tourist industry and a distinct and controversial element of health provision.
Dimitrios Stylidis
Tourism Marketing in East and Southeast Asia
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$141.95
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Despite the increased research interest in tourism in Asia, most research has focused on the key destinations (China, Macau, Hong Kong, Thailand), while neglecting other destinations which are less well explored. Little is known about the marketing efforts and practices, along with the successes and challenges, countries in the East and Southeast Asia have been experiencing. This book aims to address this oversight by exploring the marketing approaches, techniques and tools used by various countries in the region both collectively and individually to manage their tourism offerings and position them in the global tourism market: China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Myanmar, Vietnam.It offers a contemporary and insightful look at the various case studies in East and Southeast Asia using inter-disciplinary perspectives and a range of methodological approaches and tools. The book:· Provides case studies developed by tourism researchers who are experts in their researched context countries;· Focuses on several countries at different stage of development;· Explores specific marketing strategies in East and Southeast Asian destinations, considering global trends and forces to fully understand the marketing environment.The book will be of interest to tourism marketing researchers, practitioners, academics, undergraduate and postgraduate students who will find these insightful contemporary case studies useful in the classroom.
Donald Getz
Family Business in Tourism and Hospitality
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$178.10
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The family business is a global phenomenon, and is particularly prominent in tourism and hospitality. In many cases, the family business was developed for the purpose of facilitating personal and family goals. For example, in rural areas, farmers can use tourism as a way to generate additional income, thereby remaining in the area and retaining family property. Running a bed and breakfast establishment is a way to mix family and work. Lifestyle, locational and autonomy motives are the norm, but profit and growth-oriented entrepreneurs are also found within family businesses.This book is the first academic treatment of family business issues within the tourism and hospitality industry. It provides comprehensive assessment of ownership, management and family-related concerns across the entire business and family life cycle. Many new international case studies of real family businesses are used to illustrate key points. The book will be of significant interest to researchers and students in tourism and hospitality, small business and entrepreneurship studies, as well as to owners and potential investors in family businesses.
Dr Anukrati Sharma
Festival and Event Tourism
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$141.95
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Festivals and events vary from small, neighbourhood celebrations through to mega gatherings, and both can be attractive to tourists. They come with their own unique challenges and opportunities however, which means destinations must carefully consider their responsibility to local people, and host them in a sustainable manner. Divided into four sections, this book covers the sustainability, community involvement and destination-marketing aspects of festivals and events. This book: - Reviews the common trends, trajectories and competition in the event tourism market.- Discusses the role of event organizers in ensuring the sustainability of events and their destinations, including green activities and cultural preservation.- Considers the role of the community in achieving sustainability through volunteerism, heritage conservation and ensuring events boost community spirit. Covering important issues such as the marketing, branding and promotion of events, this book also unravels the opportunities and challenges associated with sustainable festivals and events. It uses an array of case studies and a global author team to provide an important resource for tourism and event researchers and professionals.
Luiz Moutinho
Strategic Planning Systems in Hospitality and Tourism
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$161.00
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Managers practice in a constantly changing environment, creating the need for effective strategic planning. However, to date the importance of strategic planning to hospitality and tourism has not been the subject of detailed empirical academic research. This book fills that gap. It contains the latest research which integrates theory with practice, including two new diagnostic tools developed by the authors, the Strategic Planning Index (SPI) and Marketing Planning Index (MPI). The tourism and hospitality industry is examined from a strategic perspective, including case illustrations and detailed studies of two major hotel groups, along with the relevance of the strategic planning process. The book goes on to describe strategic planning systems, at both the corporate and business unit level. International examples are used to demonstrate how these concepts and techniques can be incorporated into the design and implementation of effective strategic planning systems, in order to improve performance in hospitality and tourism organisations. This book is essential reading for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, practitioners and consultants in management and business studies, hospitality and tourism.
Atara Sivan
Leisure Education, Community Development and Populations with Special Needs
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$191.15
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This book is a result of an output of a Commission of the World Leisure and Recreation Association (WLRA) to examine the role of leisure and education for leisure activities among people with special needs living in the community, and requiring social or health services outside hospital. It provides a conceptual and practical framework for understanding the role of leisure education for community development with a special emphasis on special populations. It will also serve the reader as a foundation for developing models and programmes for leisure education within community settings.
Douglas Pearce
Frameworks for Tourism Research
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$191.15
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Frameworks are the foundation of good scholarship. They structure, organize and communicate research, underpin individual studies and shape the field of study as a whole. This book provides the first comprehensive and systematic review and critique of frameworks for tourism research. Theoretical, conceptual, analytical and integrative frameworks are all covered in detail, with the features, use, strengths and limitations of each form discussed and illustrated using a wide range of examples and applications across the field of tourism studies.
Bruce Prideaux
Managing Tourism and Hospitality Services
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$203.00
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The aim of this book is to enhance theoretical and practical understanding of quality management in tourism and hospitality. It provides a benchmark of current knowledge, and examines the range of research methods being applied to further develop tourism and hospitality service management research. It is hoped that this book will stimulate new research questions by highlighting tensions and challenges in the area.
David Lee
Food and Financial Crises in Sub-Saharan Africa
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$216.70
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Dramatic increases in food prices, as witnessed on a global scale in recent years, threaten the food security of hundreds of millions of the rural poor in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. This book focuses on recent food and financial crises as they have affected Africa, illustrating the problems using country case studies, that cover their origins, effects on agriculture and rural poverty, their underlying factors and making recommendations as to how such crises could best be addressed in the future.
Dr Iride Azara
Tourism, Health, Wellbeing and Protected Areas
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$69.20
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Around the world, there is mounting evidence that parks and protected areas contribute to a healthy civil society, thus increasing the economic importance of cultural and nature-based tourism. Operating at the intersection of business and the environment, tourism can improve human health and wellbeing as well as serve as a catalyst for increasing appreciation and stewardship of the natural world. While the revenues from nature-based activities help to make the case for investing in park and protected area management; the impacts they have need to be carefully managed, so that visitors do not destroy the natural wonders that attracted them to a destination in the first place. This book features contributions from tourism and recreation researchers and practitioners exploring the relationship between tourism, hospitality, protected areas, livelihoods and both physical and emotional human wellbeing. The book includes sections focused on theory, policy and practice, and case studies, to inform and guide industry decisions to address real-world problems and proactively plan for a sustainable and healthy future.Key features:Case studies discussing best practices for park and protected area tourism developmentMulti-disciplinary approach to the study of nature-based tourismInnovative approaches including SME within protected destinations
Maria Alvarez
Heritage Tourism Destinations
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$170.95
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Heritage tourism is tied to myth making and stories; creative content that can be shared, stored, combined and manipulated, but that depends on a unique cultural or natural history. A significant section of the wider phenomenon that is cultural tourism, heritage tourism is a demand-driven industry that continues to be a subject of heated debate in academic circles. Beginning with an overview of the subject, this book considers the conservation and revitalization of heritage destinations, as well as the role local communities have in supporting an attraction. It then discusses product development and communication around the world, using new techniques such as social media and examples from food tourism and sporting events, before a final section reviews the planning and institutionalisation of heritage spaces. A timely conclusion subsequently considers the implications of developments such as globalisation, technological improvement and climate change upon these unique destinations. A valuable addition to the literature, this book is the first to bridge the gap between theory and practice, including the latest research and international case studies for researchers and practitioners in tourism and destination management.
Omar Moufakkir
Tourism, Progress and Peace
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$178.10
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Tourism has the potential to contribute to world peace, and through appropriate management, to address current realities such as globalization, migration, conflicts, prejudices and poverty. By providing a range of international perspectives and case studies, this book discusses the interrelation between peace, conflict resolution and tourism, the role of industry and the role of the individual, and tourism as a catalyst for change and development. Exploring the ideas that there is more to peace than the absence of war and that there is more to tourism than economic interests, this book is the first of its kind and an essential resource for researchers, students and policymakers in tourism and related subjects.
Carl Cater
Marine Ecotourism
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$191.15
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The planet's most fascinating and yet tantalisingly under-researched component is now a rapidly growing tourism frontier. The sea attracts millions of tourists annually with its diverse array of exclusive activities, but its sheer size brings with it considerable problems for management. Within the context of other economic activities that may compromise the success, if not the very existence of marine ecotourism, this text examines the wide range of marine ecotourism resources, not only natural, but also cultural and man-made. Covering economic, marketing planning and regulation issues, this book also considers the vital role of marine ecotourism in raising awareness of the significance of the seas and oceans to sustainable coastal livelihoods. At a time of great concern over the effects of climate change and high profile issues such as depletion of fish stocks and oil spillages, the insights this book provides are essential reading.
Peter Dieke
Tourism in Development: Reflective Essays
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$161.40
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Over the last fifty years, tourism has become firmly established as a development option around the world. Commensurate with this, the study of tourism's developmental role has also expanded significantly. There now exists a broad understanding of the policies and processes, opportunities and challenges that apply to tourism's potential contributions to development. As the tourism environment now faces numerous challenges and transformations, it is timely to reflect on contemporary understandings of the relationship between tourism and development and to consider future directions. As a contribution to a knowledge and understanding of tourism development, this book: Comprises reflective essays written by internationally-ranked scholars and tourism consultants with extensive experience, particularly in developing countries. Considers extant themes, issues and challenges related to tourism and development. Offers a critical and contemporary perspective on the significance of tourism and its role in development. This thought-provoking volume challenges the orthodoxy of tourism and development, highlights past and current events and considers longer term repercussions and developments. It will be a relevant and enduring resource for academics and undergraduate and postgraduate students in tourism.
Peter Burns
Tourism and Visual Culture, Volume 2
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$203.00
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The study of tourism as a complex social trend is growing in importance as it receives recognition as a force far more significant than economic, environmental, and social analyses convey. This volume explores tourism as a significant phenomenon in both generating and receiving societies, examining methods and cases that demonstrate, develop, and affirm tourism's essentially visual nature. Tourism-related methodologies such as photographs, souvenirs and advertising material are used to discuss findings.
James Higham
Marine Wildlife and Tourism Management
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$228.60
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Marine environments have long been places of exploration, subsistence, transport and trade, but it is only recently that marine tourism has extended beyond coastal resorts and beaches. Demand for marine wildlife experiences has grown considerably in recent decades but a corresponding increase in the conservation of these environments as well as adequate legislative and management responses aimed at sustainability has not yet followed. This book demonstrates that through scientific approaches to understanding and managing tourist interactions with marine wildlife, sustainable marine tourism can be achieved. Drawing from disciplines such as marine and conservation biology and behavioural ecology, the effects of human disturbance on marine wildlife as well as management approaches to moderate these impacts are explored. Social science perspectives are also used to understand consumer demand and the ethical and legislative problems that this demand creates. This comprehensive volume provides valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners in marine conservation and tourism.
Dr. Michael Lück
Encyclopedia of Tourism and Recreation in Marine Environments
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$280.20
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Marine tourism has become one of the fastest growing areas within the tourism industry. With the increased use of marine environments comes the need for informed planning and sustainable management as well as for the education and training of planners, managers and operators. Combining the disciplines of marine scientists and tourism researchers, this encyclopedia will bring together the terms, concepts and theories related to recreational and tourism activities in marine settings. Entries range from short definitions to medium and long articles.
Carlos Monterrubio
Human-Animal Relations in Tourism, Leisure and Development
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$130.00
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Humans and animals have developed multiple and complex interactions in the fields of tourism, leisure, and development. However, much of the existing research on how humans and animals interact in these fields has emerged from within the context of developed countries. As a result, little has been documented about human-animal interactions in the socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental contexts of countries in the Global South. Specifically, the diversity and complexity of interspecies relationships in tourism, leisure, and local development in Latin America have been largely ignored in Anglo-Saxon literature. This has resulted in a limited, partial, and hegemonic understanding and debate about human-animal relationships globally, dominated by certain regions of the world. This book addresses this gap by documenting multiple and complex relationships between humans and animals in the fields of tourism, leisure, and local development in countries in Latin America. The book:Brings together empirical and conceptual works that reveal different disciplinary, theoretical, ethical, methodological, and practical perspectives. Reveals how human-animal relationships - both domestic and wild - can result in co-created interspecies experiences, conflicts, conservation efforts, welfare, and local development of human societies in the region.Equips stakeholders with conceptual frameworks and actionable tools to formulate policies that blend animal welfare and sustainability in Latin American tourism and recreation strategies.Challenges dominant narratives from the Global North regarding tourism and conservation, promoting a more inclusive and nuanced approach.This book will be of interest to researchers, professionals and policymakers within tourism, leisure, animal welfare, conservation and destination development.
