Study Aids

This is the first research monograph investigating Irish print media coverage of the AIDS/HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa and situated within the context of the Irish and global pandemic. It adds to the existing knowledge of the relationship between media and Africa, and more specifically media and HIV/AIDS. Ireland has always had a broad sympathy with Africa based on the colonial experience endured by both and a strong tradition of missionary, education, and aid /development involvement since the 19th century. Gaffey examines the Irish print media as having some of the same initial reactions as the British, American and other Anglophone presses but some unique features (Irish media was initially much more furtive and inexact as to the sexual nature of transmission and risk and some papers refused to discuss condoms fearing Church censure). The study then traces the growing interest in the issue, interviews by editors and journalists in Africa, and a gradual maturing and confidence in the coverage of this calamity.

Since the first randomized controlled studies were conducted on medical circumcision to assess their effectiveness on reducing HIV transmission, health systems have made considerable progress in adopting this practice in their HIV/AIDS and sexual reproductive health policies. As such, medical circumcision is being adopted as an additional intervention measure to support previous practices for reducing HIV infections in various countries or settings. James Kityo’s pioneering book examines contexts, processes, policy projections, and likely engagements by reviewing sexual reproductive health policies or practices, and literature on medical circumcision, and identifies existing opportunities and challenges. His book also explores the medical, gender, ethical, socio-economic, and human rights dimensions of medical circumcision as an HIV/AIDS prevention method. Following peer-reviewed studies, Kityo found compelling evidence documenting the effectiveness of medical circumcision in reducing HIV transmission, and discusses this evidence in the context of HIV/AIDS in a developing health system in Sub-Saharan Africa. The author concludes that there is a range of opportunities from research and current practice to enable policy makers to adopt medical circumcision and other interventions at their disposal in order to reduce infections from HIV and AIDS-related deaths. The author suggests feasible recommendations for implementing successful HIV/AIDS prevention programs in developing nations’ health systems, including medical circumcision’s gradual inclusion in health practices; stakeholder support; an elaborate review of this intervention by women, politicians, religious communities, and funding agencies. The author introduces a guided action plan, which can be used as a launch pad to enhance the learning process in the integration of medical circumcision in existing health practices.