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Agroforestry practices: riparian forest buffers and filter strips
Riparian forest buffers are planned combinations of trees, shrubs, grasses, forbs and bioengineered structures adjacent to or within a stream channel designed to mitigate the impact of land use on the stream or creek. At the landscape level, riparian forest buffers link the land and aquatic envir...
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Advances in the genetic modification of oil palm
Transgenic crop modification uses recombinant DNA methods to alter gene expression in order to create new varieties for breeders that may be either difficult or impossible to produce using conventional approaches. Over the past few decades, transgenic methods have been successfully applied to dev...
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Advances in the use of semiochemicals in integrated pest management: pheromones
Semiochemicals enable intra- and interspecific chemical communication in insects. Among them, pheromones are species-specific and have been used in the management tactics for control of many insect pests for the last 50 years. During this time, important advancements have been made in understandi...
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Developing new cassava varieties: tools, techniques and strategies
The significance of cassava as a crop in tropical countries means that developing improved varieties is key to the sustainability of cassava production. This chapter examines how understanding the utilization of cassava can inform breeding objectives for developing improved varieties of cassava. ...
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Instant insights: integrated weed management in cereal cultivation
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on integrated weed management in cereal cultivation.
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Advances in understanding health benefits of pistachio
The health benefits of nuts, mainly in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) but also for other chronic conditions, have been widely demonstrated in epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Among nuts, pistachio is a nut with a moderate amount of macronutrients and micronutrients. It is sp...
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Cassava cultivation in latin america
Cassava was domesticated from its wild species ancestors in the New World, probably in South America. This origin, with its connection to indigenous cultures, has been presented as both advantage and disadvantage. It has helped to maintain the production of cassava, but has also been the cause of...
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Assessing and minimizing the environmental effects of herbicides
Herbicides are widely used to control weeds; however, they can have other effects on the environment. Herbicides can move from the site of application through spray drift, volatilization from surfaces, surface run-off or leaching to groundwater. This chapter examines the sources and fate of herbi...
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Understanding and optimizing the physical properties of soil to promote soil microbiomes
The physical environment of soil is characterized by a number of macro- and microscale physical properties that control the heterogenous distribution of microbes, as well as water, air and chemicals within the soil matrix. Heterogeneity occurs at any spatial scale; yet among the most important ar...
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Evidence of pain in piglets subjected to invasive management procedures
In this chapter, the authors examine the physiological and behavioural reactions in pigs submitted to tissue damaging procedures. They are grouped in three parts: (1) neural, (2) hormonal and metabolic and (3) behavioural consequences. The chapter focuses on surgical castration, tail docking and ...
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Instant insights: biostimulant applications in agriculture
This collection provides a comprehensive overview of the varied applications of biostimulants in agriculture, from their use as a tool in integrated pest management programmes to suppress pest infestations, to their utilisation as means of enhancing crop root function and nutrient use.
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Harnessing the power of grasslands in mixed farming/crop– livestock systems
The escalating demand for food, driven by population growth and urbanization, threatens global agricultural systems. Traditional agricultural policies emphasizing specialization and intensification often degrade ecosystems and heighten pollution risks. In response, sustainable intensification of ...
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Ensuring the welfare of broilers: an overview
Genetic selection for highly efficient, fast-growing broilers has had negative effects on broiler welfare, and the high stocking densities used in some broiler production systems also have a negative impact on welfare. This chapter examines the welfare problems arising from these two factors, and...
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The role of food safety in food waste and losses
Food loss and waste from the initial stages of food production to consumption is causing a growing concern. As yet, no food safety issues have been linked to food loss and waste, but numerous incidences of failure to comply with regulatory criteria have resulted in outbreaks of foodborne disease ...
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Insect pests of tea: shot hole borers, termites and nematodes
The tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) is a perennial crop and every part of the plant is prone to infestation by some pest over its lifetime. The prevalence and occurrence of the pest is primarily determined by the specific agro-climatic conditions, the type of cultivar and the cultural...
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Advances in statistical methods to handle large data sets for gwas in crop breeding
One of the most important statistical methods of handling large data sets for genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) is quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. Two approaches to QTL analysis are linkage analysis (LA) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping. Even though association and linkage map...
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The role of crop and cropping system management in conservation agriculture systems
This chapter describes the issues of adopting Conservation Agriculture (CA) agronomy in three distinct geographic areas of the world. Firstly, the rice-wheat systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia are presented, looking at the contrasting methods of rice and wheat production in the are...
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Optimizing pig welfare in the growing and finishing stage
The main objectives of this chapter are to define animal welfare and to identify where intensive production systems may put finishing pigs at risk of poor animal welfare. The chapter discusses pig behavior and how this is affected by production systems, group size, living condition as well as sys...
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Advances in traceability systems in agri-food supply chains
Failure to deliver safe and high-quality food reduces consumer confidence in the food industry and results in costly food crises, foodborne illnesses and disruption to food supply chains. Recent advances in traceability systems, and associated identification and communication technologies hold th...
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Optimizing production of quality nursery plants for fruit tree cultivation
It is now possible to purchase specific nursery tree types that are more compatible with an intended training system, improving planting efficiency and encouraging early production. Although single axis, well-feathered scions suitable for high-density spindle training systems have dominated nurse...
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Advances in bioherbicides/biological control of weeds
Weed control plays a critical role in crop production, but the overuse of synthetic herbicides has led to various problems such as chemical residue accumulation, herbicide resistance in weed species, and environmental concerns. To address these challenges, sustainable weed management strategies a...
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Co-products and other alternative feedstuffs for sustainable pig production: an overview
This chapter provides an overview of co-products and other alternative feedstuffs for sustainable pig production. It opens with a discussion of feed evaluation, animal growth and carcass characteristics. Focus then moves to meat quality and animal health. After this, the chapter highlights the co...
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Advances in stable isotope profiling (sip) techniques to track plant-microbial interactions
Soil microorganisms play a critical role in soil health and in delivery of key ecosystem services. However, we still know relatively little about what role individual taxa play in soil processes. Quantifying microbial processes with taxonomic resolution is thus one of the key research challenges ...
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Organic dairy farming: towards sustainability
Ruminants play a key role in organic systems, due to their ability to use grassland resources, legumes from crop rotations and crop residues, and to supply manure for the soil. Grassland-based milk production therefore is likely to be the most sustainable system for dairy cattle in organic agricu...
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Key challenges in forest management
Forest managers face many challenges, both now and in the future, driven by society’s need as well as by the impacts dictated by the climate change threat. Growing populations will also strain the forest’s ability to provide traditional products sustainably while catering to the growing demands f...
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Instant insights: improving crop nutrient use efficiency
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on improving crop nutrient use efficiency.
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Advances in phenotyping to identify drought-resistance traits in cereal roots
This chapter examines advances in phenotyping to identify drought-resistance traits in cereal roots. The chapter first describes current root phenotyping strategies and challenges, which is then followed by an overview of important root traits to improve drought adaptation, such as root system ar...
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Advances in understanding and exploiting the genetics of egg quality
Today’s egg layer industry has been shaped by implementation of some of the genetic advancements and market feedback, which has guided egg quality trait definitions aligned to specific customer demands. In this chapter we will discuss the definition of egg quality traits from their genetic perspe...
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Visualising plant colonisation by beneficial bacteria: a key step to improve the understanding of plant–microbe interactions
Plants contain diverse microorganisms that interact with their hosts and with each other. Beneficial bacteria can be utilised on crops to protect plants against biotic and abiotic stresses and to stimulate plant growth. However, the behaviour of specific microorganisms on and within plants is sti...
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Peptide-based biopesticides
There is a growing gap in the market for environmentally friendly, selective insecticides and biocides for use in the production of food crops. This has been driven by tightening regulations on chemical products, as well as customer demand for no-chemical residue food products. As insect hormone ...
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Fungi: advances in understanding the role of root-associated fungi in soil
This chapter highlights the varied roles that root-associated soil fungi play in agricultural ecosystems. The authors begin by describing the relationship between fungi with plants before detailing the beneficial, antagonistic, and dynamic interactions between the two. Next they present an overvi...
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Advances in understanding the role of phytate in phosphorus and calcium nutrition of poultry
In plant seeds, the primary storage form of phosphorus (P) is phytic acid (InsP6), which is usually present in salt form (phytate). Utilization of P from InsP6 and lower forms of InsPx by animals requires stepwise cleavage of P from the inositol ring by phytases. In broiler chickens, the potentia...
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Advances in understanding the nutritional profile and health benefits of almonds
Almond (Prunus dulcis) is widely grown in countries with a Mediterranean climate and is considered a healthy source of many nutrients. This chapter discusses the nutritional composition of almonds and, in particular, those nutrients with nutraceutical properties, from phenolics and fatty acids to...
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Conservation agriculture in australian dryland cropping and in new zealand: the lessons of 70 years
Australia and New Zealand have seen a rapid adoption rate in Conservation Agriculture in the areas of no-till and stubble retention. The two countries have different stories, and this will be highlighted in this chapter. For Australia crop diversification has not changed substantially, and the ba...
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Insect pests and their management in sorghum cultivation
Integrated pest management (IPM) is a practical approach that uses a combination of methods, including cultural, biological and chemical controls, to keep pest abundance or damage below economic loss. This chapter describes ways to prevent damaging infestations, as well as evaluate pest abundanc...
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Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production
This collection reviews measurement and modelling of methane emissions and current mitigation strategies, including improving breeding and health, manure management as well as the role of grassland and feed supplements.
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Conservation grass hedges and soil health parameters
Grass hedges, narrow (<2 m) strips of tall and stiff-stemmed perennial grass planted within croplands, are an innovative conservation practice to improve the health of the soils. Integrating grass hedges with food crops is a potential strategy to reduce erosion, improve soil health and wildlif...
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Determinants of egg appearance and colour
It is essential for the consumer to select those types of eggs that are safe, nutritious and tasty. In this chapter, we begin by giving an overview of consumer decisions about whether to eat eggs and if so, which eggs to purchase. This includes reviewing regional differences in preferences and pu...
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Advances in understanding forest ecosystem services: conserving biodiversity
Forest biodiversity is fundamental to ecosystem functioning, facilitating processes such as nutrient cycling, pollination and seed dispersal. A healthy forest provides a range of economic, societal and cultural values and services beyond timber production, including recreation, carbon sequestrati...
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Thermal adaptation and tolerance of poultry
Fowls are endothermic species controlling body temperature (Tb) within a relatively narrow range, despite moderate to extreme changes in environmental conditions. Tb is recognized as the main characteristic that reflects thermal status. Significant developments in the genetic selection of domesti...
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Advances in biocontrol of crop insect pests
The biocontrol sector continues to expand and diversify. This collection reviews some of the key developments in the creation of new sustainable solutions to manage crop insect pests without the need for synthetic pesticides.
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Advances in understanding barley plant physiology: responses to abiotic stress
The full expression of barley yield potential depends on its resilience capacity, which allows the crop to face a multiplicity of different abiotic stress conditions. The impact of abiotic stresses is expected to increase in the future because of the climatic changes that modify the annual temper...
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Plant influences on soil organic carbon dynamics
Plants play a central role in governing soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, as a direct contributor, a mediator and fuel for microbial processing, and a regulator of soil physiochemical processes. The above processes may occur independently or interactively, sometimes inducing counteracting effec...
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Advances in understanding iron cycling in soils, uptake/use by plants and ways of optimising iron-use efficiency in crop production
About 1.6 billion people worldwide suffer from anaemia caused by iron (Fe) deficiency. In plants, Fe is involved in photosynthesis, respiration and activation of enzymes. Low iron availability exists in calcareous and aerobic soil because most Fe is present in the fixed or oxidized form. The crit...
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Biofortified golden rice: an additional intervention for vitamin a deficiency
This chapter reviews the development of ‘Golden Rice’, a biofortified variety with enhanced β-carotene designed as a health intervention to help alleviate the problem of vitamin A deficiency (VAD). It also reviews the origins of Golden Rice, product development, as well as current challenges, to ...
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Optimizing welfare in transport and slaughter of cattle
Transport represents one of the most stressful events an animal may experience. Its impact on the welfare of beef and dairy cattle is frequently underestimated, as are the effects of transport on carcass quality issues such as bruises and dark cutting beef. For ease of discussion, the process is ...
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Instant insights: phenotyping applications in agriculture
This book reviews recent advances in the application of phenotyping techniques to optimise crop breeding programmes. Chapters discuss the use of phenotyping as a means of improving crop yield, boosting genetic gain and identifying desirable traits in crop roots.
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Combining plant biostimulants and precision agriculture
Precision application of biostimulants on a site-specific basis is a great opportunity for optimizing biostimulant efficacy and returns. This chapter looks at the available tools and emerging technologies for the monitoring and management of soil and crops, in order to address spatial and tempora...
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Crop modeling with simple simulation models (ssm)
Models can be effective tools, and in many cases essential tools, to understand and predict the development, growth, and yield of crops in response to variation in environment, plant genetics, and management. Criteria for such effective models are that they are transparent and robust. The family ...
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Advances in augmentative biological control in integrated pest management
Augmentative biological control uses mass-reared natural enemies for releases in large numbers to reduce pest populations. Augmentative biocontrol is increasingly applied worldwide in many different crops. It is a cornerstone of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes and plays a key sustaina...
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Advances in modeling soil erosion risk
Soil erosion is particularly affected by climate change, especially increases in the amount and intensity of rainfall. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE2) developed by USDA-ARS has been developed to quantify soil erosion. However, it does not consider current climate and topographic...
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Molecular interventions for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency: trends, opportunities and challenges in rice
Crop improvement for nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) has been complicated by too many definitions for NUE, different forms of N inputs and different harvested outputs, apart from the large number of genes and processes involved. The recent characterization of the NUE phenotype in rice and the a...
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Improving integrated soil fertility management (isfm) by smallholders
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continues to experience food insecurity underpinned by low crop productivity. Yields for cereal crops in smallholder farming systems are typically less than 30% of attainable yields and low use of fertilizer and other nutrient resources are recognized as the one of the ma...
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Identifying and exploiting photosynthetic genes in improving drought resistance in cereals
This chapter reviews the photosynthetic response of plants to drought stress. It first describes the indicators for photosynthetic traits, then goes on to discuss the different factors that can affect photosynthetic efficiency. The chapter also considers how drought stress can affect photosynthet...
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Tree nut cultivation, ecosystem services, biodiversity and conservation
There is growing concern about the impact of overuse of agricultural inputs on the environment which in turn has created a challenge for food production systems that should sustain acceptable production levels while preserving natural resources. It is now well-accepted that a holistic approach is...
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Developing bioplastics from agro-industrial wastes for applications in food packaging
This chapter uses the principles of the circular economy to present alternatives to plastic food packaging in order to face the plastic environmental problem. One of the most promising solutions is the substitution of fossil-based polymers for bio-based and biodegradable polymers, among which pol...
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Advances in cultivation of pistachio
Pistachio is grown most intensively in Iran, Syria, Turkey and the USA. The other pistachio-producing regions are the Near East, North Africa and Southern Europe. The most important characteristics of pistachio nuts from a marketing viewpoint are large size, high percentage of shell splitting, lo...
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The impact of organic agriculture on diet and health
Consumers of organic vegetables tend to consume them in higher amounts and with more concentrated phytochemicals, so any benefits of phytochemicals for human health are doubled for a typical consumer of organic food. This chapter explores the associations between organic consumption and diet choi...
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Instant insights: fertiliser use in agriculture
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on fertiliser use in agriculture.
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Strawberries: a case study of how evolving market expectations impact sustainability
The strawberry industry is facing the reality that it has been built on an unsustainable foundation. with dependencies on fumigation, plastic, pesticides, fertilizers, diminishing groundwater, undocumented labour and fuel for transportation. This chapter offers a case study of the impact of that...
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The effects of housing systems for laying hens on egg safety and quality
Since the turn of the century, there have been rapid shifts worldwide in the housing and management systems used for laying hens. These have been mandated partly as a response to consumer concern for hen well-being. However, factors such as the quality, safety and price of eggs are also very impo...
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Alien introgression and breeding of synthetic wheat
Wheat is a major food grain source of humans and genetic improvement has contributed significantly to its production. However, the genetic gain of wheat production has slowed in recent years due to its narrow genetic variability and draining of the gene pool in wheat breeding. This chapter elucid...
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Maintaining the safety and quality of beef carcass meat
Contamination of animal carcasses during slaughtering procedures is undesirable, but unavoidable in the conversion of live animals to meat for consumption. Internal muscle tissues are essentially sterile, and most initial contamination of red meat carcasses is contributed by the hide during remov...
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Improving the nutritional and nutraceutical properties of wheat and other cereals
This volume reviews the key research on the nutritional components of cereals, their interactions with the gut, the way processing can inhibit or optimise their benefits and what it means for developing the next generation of nutritionally-enhanced cereal products.
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Measuring and assessing beef quality and sensory traits for retailers and consumers
Verifying qualities that contribute to a pleasurable eating experience prior to consumption is an obstacle for the beef industry. There are many ways to assess eating quality, such as sensory evaluation, shear force measurement and relying on the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) quality gradin...
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Developing hazelnuts as a sustainable and industrial crop
European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is a major species of interest for food use and one of the few economically valuable commercial tree nut crops within the Betulaceae. Cultivated mainly in Turkey and Italy, this nut crop has been introduced into cultivation around the world, and global product...
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Minimizing the environmental impact of poultry production through improved feed formulation
Every year, millions of broilers, turkeys and laying hens are raised to supply eggs and meat to an increasing number of consumers. Along with the growth of the commercial poultry industry, waste generated in live production operations and processing plants has become an important environmental co...
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Tropical tree domestication in agroforestry
Trees, whether occurring in wild stands or in agricultural landscapes, play a key role in the livelihoods of smallholders in the tropics. This chapter discusses tropical tree domestication in agroforestry, summarizing the authors’ contribution to the development of new tree crops in the tropics u...
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The economics of apple production
Economic prosperity is essential to guarantee sustainability, and this chapter provides a cost analysis of apple production worldwide, including classification of production cost studies, an exploration of different cost study approaches and categories included in cost-of-production studies. The ...
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Instant insights: supporting cereal production in sub-saharan africa
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on supporting cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Advances in pig breeding and reproduction
This collection provides a comprehensive review of the wealth of research on recent developments in pig breeding, including the shift from a primary focus on production traits to traits encompassing improved feed efficiency and disease resistance. The book also considers advances in understanding...
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Transport and lairage of pigs
Defects in meat quality cost the swine industry millions of dollars each year. Reduction in stress prior to slaughter can help alleviate these costs. This chapter describes the main events that may contribute to pre-slaughter stress and their impacts on animal welfare and pork quality, from on-fa...
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Seaweed extracts as plant biostimulants in agriculture
Biostimulants improve growth of plants by enhancing nutrient uptake efficiency. This chapter presents classification and legal aspects of biostimulants in terms of registration. Seaweed extracts improve abiotic stress tolerance of horticultural and agronomic crops. The mechanism of seeweed extrac...
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Analysing sensory and processing quality of cocoa
Flavour is a critical facet of cocoa quality, impacting to a large extent the value and end use of traded cocoa beans. This chapter provides a road map towards bridging the knowledge gap that currently exists between industry and cocoa producers by defining approaches for analysing sensory and pr...
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Trends in dairy farming and milk production: the case of the united kingdom and new zealand
This chapter reviews the importance of dairy farming to the rural economies of the United Kingdom and New Zealand. It begins by assessing global milk production, considering producer and cow numbers, productivity and trade. It then turns to an examination of the situation in the European Union (E...
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Advances in understanding and optimizing gastrointestinal microbiome and function in sheep
This chapter describes advances in understanding and optimizing gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome in sheep. The chapter focuses on the assembly and development of the rumen microbiome and modulation at early ages. The rumen microbiome of sheep is shaped in early life by deterministic factors (incl...
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Humane transport, lairage and slaughter of sheep
Contemporary public concerns about and policy debates on animal production focus on conditions that guarantee food security, public health, environmental quality and animal welfare. This chapter reviews the main welfare issues associated with management of sheep post-farm gate, including transpor...
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Microalgae: a unique source of poultry feed protein
This chapter reviews effects of supplemental full- or de-fatted microalgal biomass in diets for broiler chickens, laying hens, and other types of poultry on their production performance, meat and egg qualities, nutrient metabolism, and molecular responses. Different sources of microalgal biomass ...
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New developments in packaging of eggs to improve safety and quality
The correct choice of the packaging system is a key factor for maintaining high-quality characteristics of eggs during storage. In this chapter, the fundamental aspects of shell egg packaging are reviewed. In particular, a possible explanation of critical issues will be discussed to offer an inno...
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Good planting and cultivation practices in sugarcane production
Plant crop establishment provides an opportunity to ensure that best management practices (BMPs) are identified and implemented or continued on-farm. If it is not done well, the ensuing crop could be negatively affected. This chapter focusses on a philosophy of BMP associated with sugarcane farmi...
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Chemical control in ipm systems: advances in selective pesticides and application systems
The European Union has adopted integrated pest management (IPM) as a policy as part of the Sustainable Use of Pesticides Directive, in which chemical pesticides are used as a last resort. Bringing IPM into the policy for crop protection has focussed attention on using more selective pesticides an...
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Biosecurity and safety for humans and animals in organic animal farming
‘Biosecurity’ describes methods of reducing the risk of disease spread. Two defining aspects of organic farming are the requirement to allow animals outside access and the aim to nurture animal health without reliance on veterinary medicines. These measures create differences in risks of disease ...
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Ruminal protein breakdown and ammonia assimilation
Ruminal nitrogen (N) metabolism has long been associated with adequate degradation of fiber, feed intake, and productivity by ruminants. To reduce environmental impact, minimizing N waste per N intake oversimplifies the issue. Instead, animal product per unit of dietary N should be optimized, thu...
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Instant insights: reducing antibiotic use in dairy production
This collection features three peer-reviewed literature reviews on reducing antibiotic use in dairy production.
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An overview of tropical forest formations
The type of forest encountered on any specific site on the planet is the result of the interaction between abiotic factors and the living organisms that together make up the ecosystem. This interaction is then further complicated by a range of influences that may be human, biological such as poll...
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Advances in understanding key contamination risks in animal feed: mycotoxins
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi, especially Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. Over 400 mycotoxins have been identified, most notably aflatoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, fumonisins and ochratoxins. These low molecular weight compounds are...
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Advances in understanding the epidemiology of fusarium in cereals
Cereal grains contribute more than half of the global daily calorie intake. However, cereal crops are prone to attack by plant pathogens that cause devastating losses estimated in the billions of dollars, threatening global food and economic security. One of the diseases of small grain cereals th...
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Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture volume 1
There is a growing concern that both intensive agriculture in the developed world and rapid expansion of agriculture in the developing world is damaging soil health. This volume reviews advances in our understanding of soil structure and dynamics which form the foundation for effective soil manag...
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Reconciling water needs for food, the environment, energy and society – a quadrilemma facing the future of global irrigated agriculture
Improving agricultural water management is widely viewed as being crucial to achieving a more environmentally sustainable, resilient and productive agro-food sector. However, how do we reconcile the needs of water for food production with those of the environment and for energy and society – a wi...
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Improving welfare in catching and transport of chickens
The pre-slaughter phase is the last stage of meat production and for broiler chickens entails feed and water withdrawal, catching, loading, transportation and lairage. Major stressors during pre-slaughter include rough handling, overstocking, thermal stress, and prolonged feed and water withdrawa...
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Advances in the use of entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides in suppressing crop pests
Hypocrealean ascomycetes have a set of properties such as their unique mode of action by direct penetration through the cuticle, relatively ease to mass production, and their newly discovered ecological roles as endophytes and/or plant growth promoters which put them at the forefront of the globa...
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Seed systems and diversity
Farmers use various seed systems to obtain seeds for their next crop. The diversity of seeds determines, together with other aspects of the farming system, the biodiversity in farmed areas. Conservation strategies for crop genetic resources distinguish ex situ, on-farm and in situ components. The...
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Advances in the reduction of herbicide use in conservation agriculture: french case studies
Conservation agriculture (CA) appears as a promising agricultural pathway to achieve multiperformance but is currently questioned due to its reliance on herbicides for weed management, especially glyphosate. One limit in the development of CA-based agroecological cropping system less reliant on h...
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Sorghum as a food grain
Grain sorghum is the fifth most produced cereal crop in the world, preceded only by rice, wheat, corn and barley, and it is a dietary staple for more than half a billion people in more than 30 countries. Sorghum is a principal food in areas of Africa and Asia as well as being used as a raw materi...
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Quantifying the contribution of livestock health issues to the environmental impact of their production systems
The focus of this chapter is on the environmental impact consequences of endemic livestock health challenges that lead to deterioration in animal health, and on the potential impacts arising from their mitigations. The first part of the chapter concentrates on the potential of animal health to af...
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Welfare standards for laying hens
Consumers regard animal welfare as an important attribute of the food they eat. Sellers have to pay due attention to animal welfare before selling food like eggs or poultry to people. There are many welfare standards for laying hens and this chapter looks into some of these standards like commerc...
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Instant insights: agroforestry practices
This book provides a detailed overview of the implementation of agroforestry practices to improve the sustainability of agriculture.
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Harmful compounds in coffee
In recent years, public health issues in the food industry have led to regulations concerning contaminants in foodstuffs, including coffee. Four main types of compound are known to contaminate coffee. First, pesticides come from agricultural treatments, transport and storage. Ochratoxin A is the ...
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The cropgrow model
The CropGrow series model, comprising WheatGrow and RiceGrow, was developed by the Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture at Nanjing Agricultural University. The model integrates cutting-edge methodologies, such as system analysis, dynamic modeling, scenario simulation, and...
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Current advances in zinc in soils and plants: implications for zinc efficiency and biofortification studies
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is one of the critical abiotic stress factors that often limits crop production, yield, and quality worldwide. It is estimated over one third of the global arable lands are affected by Zn deficiency and so there is a need for more Zn-efficient crops. This chapter critically e...
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