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Advances in grasping techniques in agricultural robots
This chapter provides an overview of the state of the art for grasping and manipulation in agricultural settings. It begins with a review of the robotic mechanisms commonly used for manipulation and grasping. The discussion then addresses issues associated with the integration of different techno...
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Contaminants in agricultural soils
This book reviews current research on the key types of contaminants in agricultural soils, including heavy metals, antibiotic and pesticide residues, as well as recent advances in bioremediation and phytoremediation techniques to manage these contaminants.
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In ovo sexing in poultry chicks
High laying performance and simultaneous high fattening performance in chicken breeding are mutually exclusive due to negative correlations. Currently, roosters from laying lines can only be raised and marketed economically to a very limited extent. Generally, the majority of male offspring are c...
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Instant Insights: Crops as livestock feed
This specially curated collection features five reviews of current and key research on crops as livestock feed.
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Ensuring safety in chilling and freezing of poultry meat
Poultry is the most traded meat worldwide, and its consumption has increased almost continuously since 1965. In order to achieve sustainable production, the poultry industry must continue to develop its methods and technologies, and in doing so must take into account the standards of safety requi...
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Instant Insights: Nematode pests in agriculture
This collection features five peer-reviewed literature reviews on nematode pests in agriculture.
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Developments in molecular breeding techniques in Robusta coffee
As a perennial crop, faster breeding methods are needed for coffee to be able to cope with the challenges of climate change that lie ahead. This chapter focuses on the state of the art of developed molecular tools, characterized traits, quantitative trait loci and candidate genes already describe...
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Developing hulled wheat-based cereal products with enhanced nutritional properties: emmer, einkorn and spelt
Hulled wheats (emmer, einkorn, and spelt) have low yields but are suitable for organic and low-input agriculture under marginal or high-stress conditions. However, data on the composition of hulled wheats, often also called ‘ancient wheats’ is still scarce, especially on bioactive components such...
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The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve root function and nutrient-use efficiency
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form endosymbiosis with over 70 % of land plants, including most crops including cereals. These symbioses facilitate resource exchange between partners and can significantly increase plant nutrient uptake and growth, among other benefits. AMF ubiquity in agricul...
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Advances in understanding uptake and utilization of nitrogen in wheat
Wheat provides 20% of calories and protein consumed by humans. Cereals represent 56% of world fertilizer nitrogen (N) consumption and the wheat crop accounts for 18.2% of global use. Nitrogen fertilizer represents a significant cost for the grower and also has environmental impacts through N leac...
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Soil ecosystem services: an overview
Ecosystem services provided by soil can be supporting (e.g. providing primary production and biodiversity) or regulatory (e.g. erosion control, water infiltration, nutrient retention, atmospheric gas regulation and pest control). This chapter explains how ecosystem services benefit human welfare ...
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Advanced designs for barley breeding experiments
This chapter provides a review of key developments in experimental design in barley breeding. After a brief history to set the scene, the chapter covers the background of experimental design for field trials, highlighting the key principles that are still fundamental for modern comparative exper...
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Developing early-maturing and stress-resistant potato varieties
Asian countries with a cereal-based cropping system face a tremendous food security challenge to feed their 4.3 billion people. Potato, being a complete food, can be a valid alternative. This chapter describes the selection of germplasm and traits for breeding early-maturing varieties of potato, ...
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Wheat pests: introduction, rodents and nematodes
Three major groups of organisms cause biotic stress in wheat: pests, diseases and weeds. This chapter and the chapter that follows are about wheat pests. Three major pest taxa affect wheat: rodents, nematodes and arthropods. Rodents and nematodes are introduced in this first chapter, along with u...
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Advances in bioprotection of plants against diseases
This book reviews some of the latest trends in the bioprotectants sector, looking at advances in techniques, the development of new and emerging biocontrol agents, as well as the growing range of applications.
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The use of probiotics and prebiotics to improve gut function and immunity in poultry: unlocking the secrets of avian wellness
Probiotics and prebiotics boost poultry gut health and immunity. This chapter discusses current research and practical applications of these microbial-based supplements for chicken production. The chicken industry has struggled recently with gastrointestinal disorders, poor meal absorption, and v...
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Ensuring the health and welfare of dairy calves and heifers
Pre-weaning morbidity and mortality rates in dairy calves remain a challenge for dairy producers worldwide. Health challenges, along with housing and management, all have an impact on calf productivity and welfare. This chapter will review strategies for managing calving, improving calf vitality,...
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Using models to optimize poultry nutrition
Today’s commercial poultry production is about making decisions and implementing them, the main objective being to maximize profit for the enterprise. Alternative courses of action should be thought of and the consequences of these actions need to be predicted. Animal nutritionists face various p...
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Instant Insights: Integrated crop-livestock systems
This collection features four peer-reviewed literature reviews on integrated crop–livestock systems in agriculture.
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Advances in managing wireworms in cereal crops: challenges and future directions
Wireworms are the immature stage of click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) species. Several species of wireworms are considered serious pests of agricultural crops, including small grains. Limited information with respect to objective species- and crop-specific economic injury levels, effective in...
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Traditional animal breeding of cattle to improve carcass composition and meat quality
Genetic selection for carcass attributes such as marbling and tenderness is relatively new compared to selection for growth traits. Estimated breeding values (EBVs) allow for the comparison of animals for their genetic potential as parents for a given trait. This chapter reviews the role of EBVs,...
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Plant protection products in rice cultivation: critical issues in risk assessment and management to promote sustainable use
The use of plant protection products (PPPs) is a key issue in ensuring the sustainability of rice cultivation. It is essential to evaluate the risks these products pose to human health and the environment, and to determine what measures are required to keep the risks within acceptable limits. Thi...
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Nutritional, nutraceutical and functional properties of soybeans
Soybeans have desirable nutritional properties, since they contain about twice the protein of other legumes per serving. Some soybean protein ingredients have protein digestibility corrected amino acid scores commensurate with proteins thought to be optimal to meet human protein needs. This chapt...
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Managing the soil biological community to improve soil health and reduce losses from nematode pests
Plant-parasitic nematodes commonly cause yield losses of 10 to 20% in sugarcane, largely because varieties with resistance to key pests such as Pratylenchus and Meloidogyne are unavailable, rotation crops provide only temporary control and nematicides are prohibitively expensive. Given the inadeq...
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Instant Insights: Bone health in poultry
This collection features four peer-reviewed literature reviews on bone health in poultry.
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Managing contaminants in farmed soils: case studies from China
Soil pollution has become a major concern in China, driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization, posing a substantial threat to agroecosystems and human health. Approximately 16.1% of surveyed soil sites in China, including one-fifth of its farmland, is polluted, primarily with heavy metal...
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Improving poultry meat safety and sustainability
This collection reviews the wealth of research on improving safety and sustainability along the poultry value chain from on-farm management through to slaughter.
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The role of Extension in fungicide resistance management
Extension specialists and agents have played an integral part in proactively relaying resistance management information to fruit producers – generally through face-to-face meetings, farm visits, phone calls, newsletter articles and a myriad of traditional venues. This chapter features three case ...
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Instant Insights: Machine vision applications in agriculture
This book provides a detailed overview on machine vision applications in agriculture, ranging from its use as a means of measuring soil texture and structure, to its use in precision livestock farming systems to improve livestock health and welfare.
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Assessing and reducing the environmental impact of egg production systems
Once basic requirements are met, consumers’ perception of product quality is directed to animal welfare. Both in and beyond Europe, animal farming systems for egg production and laying hens are transitioning from indoor cage to cage-free systems (often still based on high stocking densities and s...
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Use of grassland for bioenergy and biorefining
High-yielding, intensively managed, agriculturally improved grasslands provide biomass with qualities suitable for anaerobic fermentation and biorefining. Biomass from semi-natural grasslands or from landscape conservation areas has higher lignin content. It is suitable for combustion or pyrolysi...
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Assessing and improving the nutritional quality of maize
Conventional marker-assisted and GM breeding contribute to the production of new maize varieties to compete in the complex global agricultural marketplace. Breeders aim to improve quality and yield, create varieties that are suited to particular agricultural practices and raise the nutritional va...
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Instant Insights: Improving crop disease management
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on improving crop disease management
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Wheat diseases: an overview
Fungal and viral pathogens lead to significant yield losses in wheat crops worldwide. This chapter reviews the important fungal and viral diseases of wheat, considering their mode of infection, symptoms, distribution and effect on wheat yield. Responses to each pathogen are discussed, including a...
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Improving dairy herd health
This volume reviews advances in on-farm herd health management to prevent and limit disease amongst dairy cattle. It surveys advances in disease epidemiology and monitoring, ways of optimising cattle immune function as well as enhancing health at different stages in the life cycle.
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Supporting female smallholders
Smallholder women are pivotal in balancing rural food systems yet, they face several inequalities that make it difficult for them to sustainably intensify their operations. This chapter provides insights into how smallholder women can be supported for sustainable intensification. It uses qualitat...
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Achieving sustainable management of boreal and temperate forests
Forests deliver both economic benefits and a range of key ecosystem services. This collection reviews current research on optimising their use, from understanding tree physiology to improvements in planting, stand management, sustainable logging and product diversification.
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Advances in proximal instrumental techniques for measuring gully and rill erosion of agricultural soils
Ephemeral gully and rill erosion have significant effects on agricultural land around the world. The characterization and quantification of these phenomena require us to determine their geometry and evolution, through either 3D or 2D approaches. 3D techniques are able to cover large areas at the ...
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Instant Insights: Improving water management in crop cultivation
This specially curated collection features five reviews of current and key research on improving water management in crop cultivation.
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Integrated weed management in wheat cultivation
Weed management in wheat cultivation is dominated by one control method – use of herbicides. Their overuse has led to weed resistance to herbicides and the need for alternative weed control strategies that will preserve herbicide efficacy as well as agricultural and environmental sustainability. ...
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Improving data identification and tagging for more effective decision making in agriculture
Data integration, data analytics and decision support methods can help to rise agriculture challenges such as climate change adaptation or food security. In this context, smart data acquisition systems, interoperable Information Systems and frameworks for data structuring are required. In this ch...
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Cassava cultivation in Asia
Cassava was introduced to Asia in the late eighteenth and the early nineteents centuries. Since then it has become one of the most popular crops, especially in upland environments. Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam are now among the top producers and exporters of cassava in the world. Thi...
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Advances in the development and utilization of fruit tree rootstocks: a case study for apple
In the previous century, apple rootstocks were chosen on the basis of suitability for climate, required degree of vigor, and plant availability. Thus, the rootstock decision in the past was usually quite simple, with only one or two choices available to growers. However, with the proliferation of...
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Ensuring the welfare of culled dairy cows during transport and slaughter
Every year, some cows are culled from dairy herds and sold through livestock markets and livestock dealers or sent directly to a slaughterhouse. Most of these cows are culled due to sickness or lameness, meaning that they are likely to experience pain and distress during marketing, transport and ...
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Instrumentation and methodology for the quantification of phytochemicals in tea
Tea contains many phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates and purine alkaloids that possess important physiological properties and health-promoting benefits. Tea components are closely associated with tea variety, the growing conditions and regions of tea plants ...
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Dietary health benefits, phytochemicals and anti-nutritional factors in grain legumes
Legumes are a significant source of essential nutrients including dietary fibres, proteins, dietary minerals, and carbohydrates. Abundant in both soluble and insoluble fibre, legumes support colonic and overall health. The chapter describes the impact of grain legume consumption on inflammation, ...
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Supporting smallholders in achieving more sustainable cocoa cultivation: the case of West Africa
Sustainability initiatives, including associations, platforms and networks, voluntary sustainability standards, corporate and non-governmental and civil society initiatives, have all been developed as solutions to the multiple, long-running challenges facing cocoa growers and producers. Largely i...
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Advances in temperate grassland science and management
This book reviews the wealth of research addressing the key role grasslands play in animal health, product quality and the sustainability of agriculture as a whole. It discusses ways of optimising grassland composition and management, including regional case studies on grassland management in pra...
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Artisanal mills and local production of palm oil by smallholders
In Africa, there are two oil palm supply chains. The first goes through industrial mills, from industrial plantations and surrounding smallholdings to a formal market of commercial oils complying with international quality standards, while the second goes through small-scale mills or traditional ...
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Using data mining techniques for decision support in agriculture: support vector machines
This chapter introduces data mining in agriculture, focusing on support vector machines (SVM). SVM employs optimal hyperplanes in high-dimensional space for linear classification, aiming to find the maximum-margin hyperplane, crucial for accurate classification. The SVM model, a non-probabilistic...
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Improving ewe management for lifetime production
Good flock management is integral to sheep farming. An important aspect of this is optimising ewe lifetime production by reducing wastage (premature culling and ewe mortality). The consequences of reduced lifetime production include financial and environmental impacts, poor flock welfare, and, da...
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Welfare of pigs during finishing
Finisher pigs, those of a post-weaning age kept for slaughter, make up the majority of the world pig population of approximately 1 billion. The intensive production system for post-weaned pigs is characterised by higher animal density, larger farms, use of concentrated foods and control of the pr...
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Durability of efficacy of microbial bioprotectants against plant diseases
Plant pathogens can develop resistance to conventional plant protection products but their ability to overcome the effect of microbial bioprotectants is still poorly known. However, various studies show that susceptibility of plant pathogens to microbial bioprotectants can be highly variable. Thi...
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Instant Insights: Developing immunity in pigs
This collection features four peer-reviewed literature reviews on developing immunity in pigs.
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The sustainable intensification of smallholder farming systems
This volume reviews recent research on effective support to improve smallholder livelihoods. After discussing the economics of smallholder farming, the book looks at access to key inputs before assessing ways of improving extension and other services to support sustainable production practices.
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Advances in understanding the epidemiology of Septoria tritici blotch in cereals
This chapter reviews advances in understanding the epidemiology of Septoria tritici blotch in cereals.
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Bioactive components in cow’s milk
Milk contains many bioactive compounds with health benefits beyond simple nutrition. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of bioactives in milk and research on their nutraceutical properties. These include bioactive proteins such as caseins, whey proteins such as α-lactalbumin and β-lacto...
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Deficit irrigation and site-specific irrigation scheduling techniques to minimize water use
Today, more than ever, efficient use of water by the agricultural sector is critical to sustaining national and global food security in both irrigated and rainfed regions. Implementing deficit irrigation (DI) strategies and site-specific irrigation management can improve crop water productivity w...
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Optimizing the health of broilers
This chapter will present the critical infectious disease challenges faced in the top five broiler-producing countries. The current and future strategies to control these diseases will be discussed. These strategies include biosecurity, vaccination, surveillance, diagnostics, environmental manage...
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Weed management of maize grown under temperate conditions: the case of Europe and the United States
This chapter reviews the impact of weeds on maize grown under temperate conditions, with a particular focus on the situation in the United States and Europe. It discusses current weed management systems and the herbicide resistance issues that have developed through the continuous use of herbicid...
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International genomic evaluation methods for dairy cattle
The primary systems of data recording and genetic evaluation of dairy cattle are managed at a national level, with separate programs being run by each country, or in some cases for a small group of countries. However, international genomic evaluation methods for dairy cattle are needed so that si...
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Food losses and waste in cereal grains
This chapter reviews the extent and causes of food loss and waste (FLW) in cereal grains and the rationale for reducing FLW in these staple crops. It also looks at ways of preventing post-harvest losses through methods such as: maintaining optimum grain moisture content, the use of modified and c...
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Soil inorganic carbon: stocks, functions, losses and their consequences
Carbonate-containing minerals comprise an additional form of soil carbon known as soil inorganic carbon (SIC). Though SIC stocks are large, they been disregarded in most studies to carbon sequestration. After reviewing the main forms of SIC (geogenic, biogenic and pedogenic carbonates) and the ch...
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Sorghum as a forage and energy crop
Sorghum is an important source of grain and fodder, forage and biomass throughout the world. In the United States, grain sorghum is the prominent crop; however, non-grain sorghum plays an important role as a feedstock globally. This chapter reviews the different types of sorghum and their uses. W...
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Bone health and associated problems in layer hens
Laying hens and associated commercial egg production is one of the most universal agricultural products across the globe. Housing and management systems are variable but must allow for appropriate skeletal and cognitive development during rearing to ensure the adult hen can support normal biologi...
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The role of hedgerows in supporting biodiversity and other ecosystem services in intensively managed agricultural landscapes
Over the past half century, agricultural intensification has substantially changed agricultural landscapes and farming systems. These changes have been beneficial to provisioning services, i.e. agricultural yields, but detrimental for biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. As a contribut...
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Women smallholder farmers growing horticultural crops
Gender-sensitive analysis is critical to understanding women's roles in agrifood systems. However, studies typically portray agrifood systems as mechanistic entities controlled by macro level structuring forces. In this chapter, we apply a new materialist perspective to examine how farmers from t...
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Instant Insights: Sustainable tropical forest management
This book offers a unique insight into the recent research completed on achieving sustainable management of tropical forests. Chapters review the factors which determine tropical forests, the process of forest landscape restoration, as well as the interactions between forest ecosystems and the cl...
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Improving farm machinery operation and maintenance to optimise fuel use efficiency
This chapter discusses energy use and emissions from direct fossil fuel combustion on farms to power farm machinery. It first reviews techniques for optimising tractor fuel consumption as well as developments in fuel-efficient tractor designs. The chapter also discusses energy savings and other b...
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Advances in innovative postharvest egg pasteurization and disinfection technologies to optimize egg safety and quality
Eggs and egg products are staple foods worldwide. The main pathogens associated with egg and egg products are Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., Escherichia spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Composition of the egg products influence the inactivation or survival of microorgan...
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Biological weed control in temperate grasslands
This chapter provides a critical review of international research on biological weed control as it applies to weeds of temperate grasslands. The chapter outlines the ways in which ‘classical’ biocontrol agents, due to their natural ability to spread and find their host plant, are appropriate for ...
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Developing improved varieties of common bean
The genetic improvement of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) has been a century old endeavor at institutions in North America and Mexico. This chapter describes Improvement programs focussing on a wide range of biotic and abiotic production constraints, traits for local adaptation, and consumer qu...
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Factors influencing the efficiency of rumen energy metabolism
The rumen microbial community transforms feed into nutrients that the ruminant host animal absorbs and utilises for maintenance, growth and fattening, reproduction and lactation. Volatile fatty acids produced by microbial fermentation in the rumen are the main source of energy, glucose and fat fo...
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Modelling climate change impacts on agricultural commodity markets
This chapter provides some insights on how climate change can affect agricultural commodity markets in the medium to long term. It includes some methodological aspects on how different quantitative tools, ranging from earth system models to farm-level production decisions, can be combined in the ...
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Instant Insights: Improving the welfare of gilts and sows
This collection reviews the range of welfare concerns that can arise in the different stages of pig production, focussing on pregnancy and parturition, breeding and gestation, and farrowing and lactation. Chapters consider best practices for mitigating welfare challenges and highlights the import...
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Cover crops in organic crop cultivation
Cover crops (CCs) are close-growing crops providing protection for soil and seeding between periods of normal crop production. They are positioned in rotation between two main or cash crops, and not primarily grown for harvest. Although traditionally CCs have been terminated and incorporated into...
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Organic seed production, certification and availability
Through evolution, plants produce seeds with variation in speed of germination and, for instance, dormancy to spread the risk of germinating in the wrong season. Although domestication and breeding has created crops with more rapid germinating seeds, compared with their wild relatives, for many c...
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Nutritional and bioactive compounds in barley
Whole grain barley has been widely recognized as a valuable source of a number of biologically active compounds with unique health benefits. The great number of bioactive nutrients and their pleiotropic physiological effects make barley an ideal grain, raw material, and ingredient for the develop...
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Integrated disease management in mango cultivation
Mango, Mangifera indica L., is affected by a great number of fruit, foliar, stem and root diseases. This chapter covers diseases that seriously impact the crop. Their significance, geographical distribution and history are outlined, and the symptoms, causal agent(s) and epidemiology of each are...
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Conservation tillage for sustainable wheat intensification: the example of South Asia
Conservation tillage (CT) is one among the prominent agronomic innovations proposed to address stagnant wheat yields in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia. A review of recent literature and an analysis of farm household datasets indicate that the magnitude of economic impact of CT wheat, albe...
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Modelling the environmental impacts of agriculture, focusing on oil palm
Cultivation of crops affects the environment via flows of energy and materials. Impacts are felt in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, surrounding terrestrial ecosystems and the field itself. Models are useful tools for improving our understanding of the processes and predicting how they might be affec...
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Cassava cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa
In sub-Saharan Africa, cassava is cultivated under a wide range of ecological and agronomic conditions. Cassava’s adaptability to relatively marginal soils and erratic rainfall conditions, its high productivity per unit of land and labour, the certainty of obtaining some yield even under the most...
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The use of plant bio-active compounds and other alternative therapeutic strategies in organic dairy farming
Under organic legislation farmers are encouraged to use natural methods to keep animals healthy. In addition to appropriate breed, feed, balanced productivity, environmental management and hygiene, this includes the use of homeopathy, phytotherapy and minerals, providing they are effective. Since...
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Advances in understanding and exploiting the role of soil microbiomes in protecting crops against pathogens and pests
The soil microbiome has the potential to protect crop plants from biotic stress caused by pests and pathogens. Studies have, for example, shown the role of root exudates in recruiting and enriching beneficial bacteria to protect against pathogens and pests, paving the way for developing strategie...
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Advances in understanding poultry feed intake regulation
Poultry production is facing substantial challenges. Among these are the necessity to feed the future in the face of increased human population, and the need to adapt to (global warming and scarce natural resources. As feed costs continue to rise due to severe drought conditions and the diversion...
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Recent progress in understanding three major bacterial diseases of sugarcane: gumming, leaf scald and ratoon stunting
This chapter describes recent insights provided by genomic and microscopy analyses of three bacterial pathogens of sugar cane, ‘Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum’, X. albilineans and Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, the causal agents of gumming, leaf scald and ratoon stunting, respectively. The chap...
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Management of rice insect pests
Rice farmers face many abiotic and biotic constraints in their quest to increase rice production. In conjunction with the introduction of new high yielding drought and flood tolerant rice varieties, increasing yields will require a reduction in losses to insect pests. This chapter discusses curre...
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Integrated pest management of mites
Plant feeding mites are major pests of agricultural crops and ornamentals. They disrupt physiological processes, change the physical appearance of the plant, and transmit diseases to crops. This chapter takes a holistic approach to integrated mite management by reviewing the basics of mite taxono...
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Investment needs and role of the private sector in reducing food loss and waste
Food Loss and Waste (FLW) represents a paramount challenge due to impacts on the economy of food systems, and to the environment and food security. Halving FLW by 2030 has also become Target 12.3 of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation of i...
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Research trends in oil palm cultivation
Since its establishment as a commercial crop in Malaysia in 1917, palm oil has become the most important vegetable oil traded in the world. Its standing in the world market is attributed to the oil’s versatile applications, stable supply and affordability. With the estimated global world populati...
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Diseases affecting wheat: Septoria nodorum blotch
Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) is an important disease affecting wheat in many of its production areas around the world, and is caused by the ascomycete fungal pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum. Breeding for SNB resistance has been hampered by the polygenic and quantitative nature of the resistanc...
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Instant Insights: Nutritional and health benefits of beverage crops
This collection provides a considered exploration of the nutritional and health benefits of key beverage crops, focussing primarily on tea and coffee. Chapters explore their potential in preventing the onset of chronic diseases, such as cancer and diabetes, as well as the analytical techniques av...
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Probiotics, prebiotics and other feed additives to improve gut function and immunity in poultry
Poultry producers have been cautious in the application of probiotics, due to mixed experiences of their effectiveness and lack of knowledge regarding the scientific basis for their modes of action. Prebiotics have been more readily accepted because they can be added without any significant chang...
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Instant Insights: Managing arthropod pests in tree fruit
This collection reviews the available methods for managing arthropod pests affecting global tree fruit production. Chapters consider the use of integrated pest management programmes as a more sustainable control method in the face of increasing pesticide regulatory restrictions and concerns surro...
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Monitoring agricultural water use: challenges and solutions for sustainable water management
As the largest sectoral user of water globally, agriculture is both impacted by and a major driver of water scarcity. Monitoring of agricultural water use is essential to identify and design effective strategies for balancing water demands with those of other sectors and the environment amidst fu...
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Insect pest and disease management practices and benefits in Conservation Agriculture systems: a case of push–pull practice
This chapter reviews the dissemination, adoption and benefits of the push-pull cropping system in Conservation Agriculture (CA), an innovation that was developed and promoted by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) and partners with a view to addressing some of the bi...
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Improving soil health
This collection summarises current research on the effects of different management strategies on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils. It assesses the viability of these management strategies, including zero tillage and intercropping, as a means for improving crop yield, ecos...
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Management of vegetable Conservation Agriculture systems
This chapter discusses the principles and practices of no-tillage systems for vegetables (NTV), focusing primarily on tomato, onion and parsley cassava cultivation. It presents research regarding a long-term experiment of NTV for onion with winter crops and the effects on chemical, physical and b...
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Optimizing livestock farming in urban agriculture
This chapter summarizes the importance of urbanization and how this increases the consumption of livestock products (LP). This increased demand, alongside infrastructure challenges making transporting and storing LP challenging, encourages urban livestock, close to the final consumer. While data ...
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The impact of climate change on forest systems in the northern United States: projections and implications for forest management
The northern United States is both the most heavily forested and the most densely populated quadrant of the nation. Forests in the region cover 69.6 million hectares, or 42 percent of the land area. In this chapter we characterize mid- and long-term projected climate change impacts for trees and ...
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