De Gruyter

This is volume 13 of the edition of the complete Jerusalem Talmud. Within the Fourth Order Neziqin (“damages”), these two tractates deal with various types of oaths and their consequences (Ševu‛ot) and laws pertaining to Jews living amongst gentiles, including regulations about the interaction between Jews and “idolators” (‛Avodah Zarah).

Thisvolume is the eleventh in the series Jerusalem Talmud, the first in a three volume edition, translation, and commentary of the Fourth Order Neziqin.
The thirty chapters of Neziqin that deal with aspects of Civil Law are usually divided into three “gates”, known as the First Gate, Bava qamma, the Middle Gate, Bava mesi‘a, and the Last Gate, Bava batra. In contrast to the Babylonian Talmud, the treatment in the Jerusalem Talmud is fragmentary.

When in 1939 Friedrich Klingner’s new edition of Horatius, published in the “Bibliotheca Teubneriana” deposed the hitherto authoritative text edited by Vollmer, this had an epoch-making effect on both teaching and research. Klingner’s text held a leading position internationally over many decades.

Klingner’s edition was a keystone in particular for students of Latin in the tradition of German grammar schools and universities. Even today, scholars continually have recourse to Klingner’s constitution of the text. Following numerous enquiries from customers, the publishers have decided to re-issue Klingner’s Horatius text as an unrevised reprint of the 3rd edition from 1959.

This book focuses on functional phase space methods in quantum optics and provides a comprehensive introduction to the Wigner functional formalism. The book shows how this formalism can be used for analyzing and designing practical photonic quantum information systems. It also explains in detail the application of the Wigner functional formalism to parametric down-conversion, an important process in quantum optics.

Christmas is not just a day or a frame of mind as Kris Kringle (Edmund Gwenn) imparts in Miracle on 34^th Street (1947); Christmas is also a vehicle for national mythmaking as an idealising mirror for American cultural and political attitudes of a given moment. Via a case study on Hollywood Christmas films released between 1946 and 1961, A Very Cold War Christmas offers an examination of political pressures on Hollywood in the post-war period and the cultural ramifications of federal involvement in the motion picture industry. As the House Committee on Un-American Activities opened hearings in 1947 and the FBI gathered reports on potential communist subversion in Frank Capra’s Christmas classic It’s a Wonderful Life (1946), Hollywood executives began to bend to the socially conservative pressures of this post-war moment. Using Christmas films as the core of this investigation to identify and analyse changes within the genre as they relate to and reflect changes in the wider cultural and political moment exposes for film scholars, students, and non-specialists how these federal and external pressures on Hollywood moulded these holiday favourites throughout the 1950s and set the social standard for decades of Christmas releases.

This book examines the life and thought of Ibn Mughayzil (fl. 895/1490), a Shādhilī Sufi of late Mamlūk Cairo. It offers a portrait of the Sufi as an aspiring Shādhilī master and talented author whose two known writings reflect major themes of Mamlūk-era Sufism, such as the desire to unite the “exoteric” sciences (ʿilm al-ẓāhir) and the “esoteric” science (ʿilm al-bāṭin) or Sufism. At the same time, his works are distinguished by a number of features. Most notable is his treatment of the waking vision of Prophet Muḥammad after death, an experience that many Sufis claimed to have underwent. The study suggests that Ibn Mughayzil was the first author to produce a systematic and comprehensive examination of the topic and argues that he makes an important contribution by defending its authenticity and orthodoxy. Furthermore, his engagement with other key issues of his time, such as God’s oneness and religious diversity, reveal that while often driven by the aim of defending Sufis from accusations of error, he was a creative synthesizer, drawing from a wide range of Sufi and other sources to develop and demonstrate his positions. Study of Ibn Mughayzil sheds light on the nature and quality of Mamlūk Sufi literature as well as the reception of earlier ideas, such as those of Ibn ʿArabī (d. 638/1240) and Ibn al-Fāriḍ (d. 632/1235).

The subordination of women to men is a powerful but invisible force that shapes international politics, economics, and security. Putting Women in their Place centers these lopsided power dynamics to examine how gender hierarchy both drives international dynamics and conditions how men and women experience things.

By critically assessing the ways gender norms shape political decision-making, economic development and financial disparities, and violence and conflict, Hilary Matfess expertly explains complex concepts and provides a compelling, approachable framework for interpreting global politics. This book weaves together personal stories, policy analysis, and the latest research to reveal the intertwining nature of gender oppression and systems of power, from local communities to the United Nations. It also offers a roadmap for rethinking world affairs through a feminist lens that foregrounds women’s agency, individuality, and varied motivations.

"What do you do when your husband gets the best job in the country in a field that he stole from you? Well, that’s what happened to me, and that’s what this book is about." So begins Marilyn Aronberg Lavin’s spirited memoir of her seventy-year relationship with Irving Lavin, one of America's most eminent art historians. Her narrative traces their parallel careers as they both achieve remarkable success—he as a distinguished professor at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton; she as an award-winning authority on Italian Renaissance painting, iconography, and collectionism. Reflecting on their shared passion for the history of art, Marilyn has crafted a portrait of a partnership, while showing readers how the world of art history can be both intellectually rigorous and emotionally rewarding.

• intellectual history
• memoirs
• renaissance art and architecture

This volume presents a selection of the works of Professor Robert G. Goldenberg, a leading scholar of Rabbinic Judaism. From the rabbinic interpretation of Hebrew Scriptures to the formation of the Babylonian Talmud, Goldenberg explores core themes of Jewish law, history, and religious thought. This collection offers a lasting tribute to Goldenberg's enduring contributions to our understanding of the Jewish tradition.

The Series provides an overview of the rapid development of new rocket propellant concepts, mainly in the area of environmentally-friendly rocket propellants, while at the same time it documents the history of what had been done with less sustainable, but more energetic materials in the past. The publication summarizes lessons learned, covering mainly liquid rocket propellants, and will help chemists in developing new energetic materials. Encyclopedia of Bipropellant Combinations is the fourth set of the series Encyclopedia of Rocket Propellants. Previously published sets include Encyclopedia of Oxidizers (5 volumes), Encyclopedia of Liquid Fuels (5 volumes), and Encyclopedia of Monopropellants (2 volumes).

Encyclopedia of Bipropellant Combinations contains information on liquid rocket propellants used in bipropellant rocket engines. At one time it was planned to publish the subject of bipropellant combinations in two separate sets, one on hypergolic and one on non-hypergolic bipropellant combinations. Instead the two sub-topics are now combined conveniently in one set, published in three volumes. Encyclopedia of Bipropellant Combinations offers:

Discover the scientifically proven path to unlocking your creative potential, no matter your age, profession or background.

From personal breakthroughs to organizational transformation, Creativity in the Age of AI shows you how to leverage cutting-edge AI tools to amplify your natural abilities. This concise, practical guide will help you:

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This accessible book distills decades of research and practice, including principles from the lead author's popular Wharton MBA creativity course taught for over a decade.

Build a personalized toolkit for unstoppable innovation in today’s challenging times and transform your creative potential into practical solutions enhanced by the power of AI!

(English / German)
Making queer and feminist positions visible in art is an aesthetic strategy with a political impact that marks a transition from a state of invisible impotence to powerful visibility and political relevance. This volume brings together theoretical contributions and artistic interventions by actors in the field of queer and feminist art, addressing the conditions that confront queer and feminist artists in different geographical and temporal contexts. They examine the potential of art exhibitions and art criticism as media of visualization and concealment, and they also explore the possibilities of virtual environments and feminist graphic design, as well as presenting various ways of making marginalized art visible.

Die Sichtbarmachung queerer und feministischer Positionen in der Kunst ist eine ästhetische Strategie mit politischer Wirkung, die den Übergang von einem Zustand unsichtbarer Ohnmacht zu machtvoller Sichtbarkeit und politischer Relevanz markiert. Der Band vereint theoretische Beiträge und künstlerische Interventionen von Akteur*innen im Feld queerer und feministischer Kunst: Sie thematisieren die Bedingungen, mit denen queere und feministische Künstler*innen in unterschiedlichen geografischen und zeitlichen Kontexten konfrontiert sind. Sie untersuchen das Potenzial von Kunstausstellungen und Kunstkritik als Medien des Sichtbarmachens und Verbergens. Möglichkeiten virtueller Umgebungen und feministischen Grafikdesigns werden ausgelotet und unterschiedliche Formen des Sichtbarmachens marginalisierter Kunst vorgestellt.

Essential knowledge of steel-framed structure design is a cornerstone for architectural, civil, and structural engineers, as well as for students planning careers in structural design and construction. Structural Steel Design, Fourth Edition delivers a comprehensive understanding of structural steel design, starting with the fundamentals and progressing to the design of a complete structural system. It emphasizes not just the individual steel elements or components but their integration within the broader context of the entire structure.

By working through the chapters and corresponding design project tasks, readers will complete the design of a full steel structure, allowing them to grasp the connections between discrete components and the larger system. This approach reinforces the importance of seeing the "big picture" in structural design.

Encouraged by the American Institute for Steel Construction, this book goes beyond traditional textbook exercises by offering real-world examples, project-based exercises, and open-ended problems that challenge the reader to make decisions and navigate the iterative nature of structural design. Practical details and real-world end-of-chapter problems reflect the types of challenges encountered in professional engineering practice, making this text not just an academic resource but a practical guide for aspiring engineers.

This collection of twenty-eight essays by emerging and established scholars presents work that deeply engages with the materiality and history of Greek and Roman artworks, artifacts, and monuments. Dedicated to Prof. John Pollini in honor of his contributions to the study of the ancient Mediterranean world, this volume reflects the broad range of his scholarship, from sculpture (especially portraiture) and its ancient contexts to material studies, iconographic analysis, and the complex ways that religious and political change both shape and are shaped by material culture. The contributions assembled in this volume highlight the diverse ways in which contemporary scholars construct interpretations of visual art based on a deep understanding of the ancient world, precise attention to detail and technique, and rigorous research into the historical contexts of objects, myths, literature, and iconography. Through their interdisciplinary approaches, the contributors offer new insights on artistic production, viewer reception, and social history, with an emphasis on the theme of "transformation" as objects, artworks, and ideas journey through time and from one culture to another.

Literature’s probative force travels across the realm of sense in this world to what lies beyond it. When we speak of what is beyond our grasp in this world, we think most immediately of the world of the spirit. Shakespeare famously celebrates literature’s power to explore the "forms of things unknown." How many great works of literature guide us through a familiar world to the edge of the spiritual unknown? Not only Shakespeare, but Dante, Milton, Dostoevsky, Hopkins, Eliot, O’Connor, and many others in these pages carry us there. This book follows their quest.

Literary apologetics is the study of the characteristic moves by the authors who take readers on their journey of faith with them. Most notably, that tradition begins with Latin authors, spreads across Europe in a continuous literary culture, and extends over world literature to the present day. While early apologetics is proclamation, rhetoric, philosophy, and poetry, above all it is witness to the faith manifesting itself in time. The early faith community produces a distinct literary culture as Christian witness takes all these forms and more. From then until now, this kind of literature probes ultimate questions, adumbrates numinous experience, and extrapolates ethical outcomes of Christian teachings across a wide variety of literary forms. The Handbook of Literary Apologetics provides an authoritative introduction to the scope of this tradition and its major figures.

This book provides a comprehensive exploration of Mean Field Games (MFG) theory, a mathematical framework for modeling the collective behavior of rational agents in complex systems. MFG theory can govern a range of societal phenomena, including finance, sociology, machine learning, and economics. The focus is on the system of two coupled nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) that define the Mean Field Games System. The book covers key theoretical topics such as solution stability and uniqueness, with a particular emphasis on Carleman estimates, which are used to estimate solution errors based on noise in the input data. It also introduces the theory of Ill-Posed and Inverse Problems within MFG theory. Both theoretical and numerical aspects of forward and inverse problems are explored through Carleman estimates, offering a rigorous foundation for researchers and practitioners in applied mathematics and related fields.

This book offers a rigorous approach to Carleman estimates, a key element of Mean Field Games theory, making it an essential resource for researchers, graduate students, and professionals looking to apply this powerful framework to complex, real-world systems.

Over a period of 22 years (1934-1955), the mathematician Kurt Gödel wrote down philosophical remarks, the so-called Maximen Philosophie (Max Phil). They are preserved in 15 notebooks in Gabelsberger shorthand. The first booklet contains general philosophical considerations, booklets two and three consist of Gödel's individual ethics. The following books show that Gödel developed a philosophy of science in which he places his discussions on physics, psychology, biology, mathematics, language, theology and history in the context of a metaphysics.

A complete, historical-critical edition of Gödel's Philosophical Notebooks is now being prepared for the first time at the Kurt Gödel Research Centre of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. One volume will be published each year as part of this edition.

Volume 5 is particularly interesting because Gödel reveals his satisfaction with it at the beginning of 'Maximen V'. He states that he has arrived at independent thought here, which has not primarily come about through discussion with other authors. Furthermore, in addition to numerous remarkable philosophical considerations, there is a previously unknown interpretation of his (second) incompleteness theorem that goes beyond the mathematical one.

Over a period of 22 years (1934–1955), mathematician Kurt Gödel put down a series of philosophical remarks – the so-called Philosophical Maxims (Max Phil) – in writing. They have been passed down in 15 notebooks written in Gabelsberger shorthand. The first notebook contains general philosophical reflections, while the second and third notebooks consist of Gödel’s applied individual ethics. The notebooks that follow show that Gödel developed a philosophy of science in which he placed his considerations of physics, psychology, biology, mathematics, language, theology, and history within the context of a particular metaphysics. Now for the first time ever, a complete, historical-critical edition of Gödel’s philosophical notebooks is being prepared by the Kurt Gödel Research Center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. One volume will be published yearly as part of this series.

Volume 2 contains both notebooks of "Time Management (Max) I and II" and thereby Gödel’s applied individual ethics, which he received among others through his teacher Heinrich Gomperz. Gödel thus incorporates the ethical ideal of self-perfection into his opus. The volume is prefaced by an introduction to relevant considerations from the ethics of the Stoics as well as ancient dietetics, which provide the philosophical background to understand Gödel’s approach. In addition, editor Eva-Maria Engelen presents how this fits into the context of Gödel’s Philosophical Notebooks.

Over a period of 22 years (1934–1955), mathematician Kurt Gödel put down a series of philosophical remarks – the so-called Philosophical Maxims (Max Phil) – in writing. They have been passed down in 15 notebooks written in Gabelsberger shorthand. The first notebook contains general philosophical reflections, while the second and third notebooks consist of Gödel’s applied individual ethics. The notebooks that follow show that Gödel developed a philosophy of science in which he placed his considerations of physics, psychology, biology, mathematics, language, theology, and history within the context of a particular metaphysics. Now for the first time ever, a complete, historical-critical edition of Gödel’s philosophical notebooks is being prepared by the Kurt Gödel Research Center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. One volume will be published yearly as part of this series.

With the notebook "Maxims III," a new section of Gödel’s philosophical notebooks begins. This notebook sheds light on the relationship between various disciplines – in particular psychology, mathematics (specifically logic), and theology – and their respective significance for both the thinking and working scholar and for the knowledge system. It also contains considerations on heuristics and scholarly methods. The role of fundamental or simple concepts in thinking also becomes apparent.

Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer (PRE) is most famous for introducing into rabbinic tradition several legends about biblical figures not found in the classical rabbinic corpus of Talmud and Midrash. Modern scholarship considers the non-rabbinic legends in PRE an example of the survival of Second Temple literature within Jewish tradition. The present study, however, will attempt to explain the non-rabbinic material found in PRE as the result of the author’s adoption (and adaptation) of elements from the surrounding Christian and Muslim cultures rather than through the direct transmission of Second Temple works among Jews. This hypothesis will be tested through the examination of two works close to PRE in form and content, Jubilees (second century BCE) and the Cave of Treasures (sixth century CE). All three are examples of the "Rewritten Bible," which recount the history of ancient Israel independently of the biblical text. The study concludes that region, rather than religion, shaped the author’s presentation of the history of the ancient prophets and patriarchs

This book traces the remarkable lifelong friendship of Martin Niemöller, the Evangelical minister who defied Hitler, and Karl Dönitz, the mastermind of Germany's submarine campaigns in World War II who ultimately succeeded Hitler. From their days as cadets at the German naval academy in the years 1910-1913 to their deaths in the early 1980s, their story is full of ironies and unexpected twists. After World War I, Dönitz served the Weimar Republic and shunned the far right, while Niemöller briefly left his seminary studies to command a battalion in the right-wing Freikorps. Then, after World War II, when Niemöller was hailed for his principled Christian resistance to Hitler and Dönitz indicted for war crimes, Niemöller volunteered to help with his old friend’s defense at the Nuremberg Trials. Finally, late in life, Dönitz, a hero for unrepentant Nazis, and Niemöller, a world renowned pacifist, frequently shared a table at navy class reunions throughout the 1960s and 1970s. In the end, they and their friends and classmates learned to love their country in ways that differed from the chauvinistic nationalism of their youth. In this manner, their lives were emblematic of the transformation of their generation, and of Germany as a whole.

A Badge of Injury is a contribution to both the fields of queer and global history. It analyses gay and lesbian transregional cultural communication networks from the 1970s to the 2000s, focusing on the importance of National Socialism, visual culture, and memory in the queer Atlantic. Provincializing Euro-American queer history, it illustrates how a history of concepts which encompasses the visual offers a greater depth of analysis of the transfer of ideas across regions than texts alone would offer. It also underlines how gay and lesbian history needs to be reframed under a queer lens and understood in a global perspective. Following the journey of the Pink Triangle and its many iterations, A Badge of Injury pinpoints the roles of cultural memory and power in the creation of gay and lesbian transregional narratives of pride or the construction of the historical queer subject. Beyond a success story, the book dives into some of the shortcomings of Euro-American queer history and the power of the negative, writing an emancipatory yet critical story of the era.

Azuma Old Japanese is an areal term for the two major dialects of Eastern (‘Azuma’) Japan during the eighth century: Eastern Old Japanese and Töpo-Suruga Old Japanese. This volume is an exhaustive, comparative reference grammar based on the linguistic data contained in the Man’yōshū poetic anthology (759 CE). It contains chapters dedicated to the different lexical categories, the lexicon, the phonology, and the historical development.

This volume serves to fill the last remaining gap in English language scholarship on the grammar of premodern Japanese dialects, and significantly contributes to our understanding of the historical development of the earliest attested Japanese dialects. It also contains an extensive reconstruction of Proto-Japanese.

Over the last twenty years, the rise of Qur'anic studies has been one of the most remarkable developments within the wider framework of Islamic scholarship. This evolution can be viewed from three angles: exponential growth in the accessibility of relevant primary; the use of contemporary methods for developing new analytical agendas; a renewed appreciation of diverse hermeneutical orientations. A veritable gold-rush of publications, theses, colloquia and study projects devoted to the Qur'an in the past two decades illustrates these developments. This scholarly community subsists primarily in European countries and the United States, but its effects are not limited there. The reception and dissemination of this work in Muslim-majority countries is constant and bodes as a promising opportunity to establish a real dialogue between scholars and lived community. The present book contains expert contributions emerging from this nexus, with scholars from North African, Middle Eastern and Western backgrounds who share a common ambition: to advance academic study of the Qurʾan by promoting cooperation across global boundaries.

This volume represents the first time that researchers on signed language and gesture have come together with a coherent focus under the framework of cognitive linguistics. The pioneering work of Sherman Wilcox is highlighted throughout, scaffolding much of the research of these contributors. The five sections of the volume reflect critical areas of Dr. Wilcox’s own research in cognitive linguistics: Guiding research principles in signed language, gesture, and cognitive linguistics; iconicity across signed and spoken linguistics; multimodality; blending, depiction and metaphor in signed languages; and specific grammatical constructions as form-meaning pairings. The authors of this volume exemplify and continue Dr. Wilcox’s work of bridging signed and spoken language disciplines by contributing chapters that represent a multiplicity of perspectives on signed, spoken, and gesture data. This volume presents a unified collection of cognitive linguistics research by leading authors that will be of interest to readers in the fields of signed and spoken language linguistics, gesture studies, and general linguistics.

The idea that there is a distinctively practical use of reason, and correspondingly a distinctively practical form of knowledge, unites many otherwise diverse voices in the history of practical philosophy: from Aristotle to Kant, from Rousseau to Marx, from Hegel to G.E.M. Anscombe, and many others. This volume gathers works by scholars who take inspiration from these and many other historical figures in order to deepen our systematic understanding of questions raised by their work that still are, or ought to be, at the center of contemporary philosophical debate: the form and nature of practical reasoning, agential self-consciousness or practical knowledge, how knowledge of the good relates to our motivational capacity, and the shape of philosophical thinking about sound forms of living together. Accordingly, the volume is divided into three parts: action theory, meta-ethics, and political philosophy. This fusion of perspectives delivers novel possibilities not only for answering the systematic questions outlined above, but also for understanding both what unifies and distinguishes those historical voices that have sought to articulate the concept of practical reason.

“This fascinating volume brings out the richness and profundity of an oft-neglected approach to understanding human agency, one that foregrounds action as itself an exercise of reason. Essays on ethics, mind, action, and political philosophy explore the history, substance, and implications of this idea, cutting across while also revealing the unity underlying various parts of philosophy that are typically treated separately.” – Eric Marcus, Auburn University

The so-called Mamluk sultans who ruled Egypt and Syria between the late thirteenth and early sixteenth centuries AD have often been portrayed as lacking in legitimacy due to their background as slave soldiers. Sultanic biographies written by chancery officials in the early period of the sultanate have been read as part of an effort of these sultans to legitimise their position on the throne. This book reconsiders the main corpus of six such biographies written by the historians Ibn ʿAbd al-Ẓāhir (d. 1293) and his nephew Shāfiʿ ibn ʿAlī (d. 1330) and argues that these were in fact far more complex texts. An understanding of their discourses of legitimisation needs to be embedded within a broader understanding of the multi-directional discourses operating across the texts. The study proposes to interpret these texts as "spectacles", in which authors emplotted the reign of a sultan in thoroughly literary and rhetorical fashion, making especially extensive use of textual forms prevalent in the chancery. In doing so the authors reimagined the format of the biography as a performative vehicle for displaying their literary credentials and helping them negotiate positions in the chancery and the wider courtly orbit.

Across the most diverse societies, the reuse of writing surfaces in contexts such as learning to write, note-taking, literary creation, and bookkeeping has been not only desirable but essential to optimising resources. In these contexts, it has been typical to use erasable media of various kinds – a practice which in turn has had important implications for palaeography, literary creation, and virtually every aspect related to writing. Manuscript cultures addressed the quest for rewritability through using permanently recyclable materials such as clay and wax tablets, special technologies such as erasable coatings, and ingenious strategies for reusing papyrus, parchment, paper, wood, and more. This volume systematically explores the fascinating intersection between the potential ephemerality of the written word and the reusability of its supports. It combines a theoretical framework on ‘rewritability’ with case studies on materials, related technologies and their interplay with competing techniques, spanning from ancient Mesopotamia to present-day Nigeria, from Egypt to Japan, from Greece and Rome to the Arab world. In doing so, the volume illuminates a crucial aspect of cultural history relevant to anyone studying the written word.

The integration of Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) remote sensing and Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides a platform for understanding various Earth's surface processes and their predictive analysis. This book offers state-of-the-art techniques and applications to address real-time challenges through AI-based RADAR remote sensing. Furthermore, it explores the potential applications of AI in emerging areas of remote sensing and image processing.

This is a 2-volume study of the Synoptic tradition of the Gospels against the background of the recent discussion about orality, narrativity and form criticism. It brings together textual criticism of Q and the early oral tradition about Jesus with literary analysis, taking narrative as a fundamental vehicle of social memory. This first volume sets out the problem and task, along an approach and methods of textual study.

Games create worlds made of many different elements, but also of rules, systems and structures for how we act in them. So how can we make sense of them? Mytholudics: Games and Myth lays out an approach to understanding games using theories from myth and folklore.

Myth is taken here not as an object but as a process, a way of expressing meaning. It works to naturalise arbitrary constellations of signs, to connect things in meaning. Behind the phrase ‘just the way it is’ is a process of mythologization that has cemented it.

Mytholudics lays out how this understanding of myth works for the analysis of games. In two sections each analysing five digital games, it then shows how this approach works in practice: one through the lens of heroism and one through monstrosity. These ask questions such as what heroic mythology is constructed in Call of Duty? What do the monsters in The Witcher tell us about the game’s model of the world? How does Hellblade: Senua’s Sacrifice weave a conflict between Norse and Pictish mythology into one between competing models of seeing mental illness?

This method helps to see games and their worlds in the whole. Stories, gameplay, systems, rules, spatial configurations and art styles can all be considered together as contributing to the meaning of the game.

James Kopf approaches the phenomenon of music from the level of perception, as opposed to presuming a definition of music as either prima facie known or gleaned solely from a specific cultural tradition. Methodologically, this work draws from phenomenology, particularly the field of modern phenomenology as inaugurated by Edmund Husserl and its promulgation by Martin Heidegger, sound studies, and, in terms of rhetorical style, deconstruction, though it considers the work of thinkers from a wide variety of other fields, from Theodor Reik’s psychoanalysis to archaeology and beyond.

The author charts a path forward into a more ethical understanding of music and listening in the age of global capitalism, one that tolerates difference and uniqueness across the perceived divides of culture, time, species, and matter. In pursuing this path, the possibility of musical experiences to be emergent in aural spaces historically deemed "non-musical" is considered: the space between notes of a chorale, breaks between movements, aboriginal sonic practices ignored or scorned by colonial logic, a forest rent by fracking, and even bodily noises.

Today’s surface challenges are hardly redeemed by traditional coatings. Besides decoration or protection coatings shall bring additional features dependent on the substrate coated. Smart and Functional coatings have become well adopted in the market in recent years and are applied to a surface to improve its performance in terms of functionality, durability, aesthetics, and other properties. These coatings are widely used in a variety of industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, electronics, medical devices, and consumer goods. The book describes a wide range of smart coatings such as photocatalytic, self-cleaning, self-healing, anti-microbial, low surface energy, optical, EMI-shielding, anti-corrosion and anti-icing coatings. It also covers nanotechnology which plays a key role in the development of Smart and Functional coatings as advancements in this field of technology allow for precise control over the size, shape, and composition of materials at the nanoscale level. Nanotechnology enables the incorporation of functional components, such as sensors or actuators, into coatings, which provide responsive behavior to external stimuli or impart a specific functionality. Furthermore, the use of nanotechnology in coatings can also lead to more sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions. For example, by using nanoscale particles, coatings can be made thinner, reducing the amount of material required and minimizing waste. Nanotechnology can also help develop coatings that are more efficient and durable, reducing the need for frequent maintenance or replacement.

As global priorities shift towards sustainable resources, there is a growing interest in alternatives to petroleum-based raw materials for industrial polyurethane (PU) foam production. Polyurethane foams (PUFs), produced from the reaction between a polyol (a polymer with multiple hydroxyl groups) and a diisocyanate, are widely used for their versatility. They range from flexible foams, like those found in mattresses or furniture, to rigid foams used for home insulation. The market for PU foams is anticipated to grow due to rising demand for comfort. Historically, petroleum-based polyols have been favored for their availability and versatility. However, as petroleum supplies dwindle, with oil reserves projected to be exhausted by around 2052, the pressing need for sustainable alternatives is clear to sustain the PU industry. Bio-based substitutes, such as polyols derived from palm, soybean, castor, and sunflower oils, have been extensively researched to replace the petroleum-based polyol feedstock. This book focuses on applying coconut oil-derived polyols in polyurethane foam production, offering a detailed examination of their potential benefits and associated difficulties. The introductory chapter outlines the critical need for greener alternatives and emphasizes the significant role of coconut oil as a substitute for petroleum-based polyols. Subsequent chapters delve into the chemistry and synthesis of coconut oil-derived polyols and polyurethanes, providing insights into their properties and contributions to polyurethane formulations. This book further provides an overview of how coconut oil's high saturation impacts the polyol production process and explores methods to overcome these challenges. It bridges the gap between raw material science and practical applications using coconut oil in polymer studies. It provides valuable information for researchers and industry professionals aiming to innovate with sustainable polymer materials.

Since the inception of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes in the seventies, biological fouling, also known as biofouling, still remains as the key challenge to get solved so that membranes can run smoothly and without issues in desalination and water treatment plants. Biofouling occurs when certain bacteria attach to the reverse osmosis membranes, and starts building a biofilm. This is a key problem, as if this quickly growing biofilm is not properly taken care of, it can affect the mechanical integrity of the reverse osmosis membrane elements, and damage them irreversibly. Organic fouling occurs when organic matter deposits into the membrane, thus reducing its permeability. Both phenomena are interconnected. This books provides an understanding on why biological fouling occurs, what variables affect its development, and what can be done to mitigate its impact.

Shackleton Bailey’s Horatius text is a university set text used world-wide; in the US American market in particular, it became standard reading for students of Latin. From the first edition in 1985, Shackleton Bailey improved and updated his work with each new edition, especially with the 4th revised edition in 2001. Thus the editor has put his Horatius text on course to continue being used and disseminated in the coming decades.

Late antique and early medieval normative sources frequently employ Roman legal terminology to denote a person’s legal inferiority, and thus suggest the continued relevance of the concepts associated with these terms. However, it is far from clear to what extent the use of identical terminology actually indicates the similarity of social phenomena. There is ample evidence of important changes regarding the rights and duties of enslaved persons and the development or emergence of other, new, forms of asymmetrical dependency. This raises the question to what extent consistency in terminology and legal practice is actually an indicator of the stability of social structures. Against this background, a group of scholars of legal, ecclesiastical, and social history were invited to a conference at the BCDSS in March 2022 to scrutinise different law codes and legal sources for their evidence of dependency. The result are these ten papers that truly enhance our understanding of slavery and other dependency relations in late antique and early medieval societies from c. 100 to c. 900 CE.

The notions of intermediation and intercession play a central role in the theology of monotheistic religions. In the Islamic context, the specific doctrine connected to the intermediation (wasīla, wāsiṭa) and intercession of the Prophet Muḥammad towards God (shafāʿa, tawassul), particularly on the Day of Judgement, is widely attested in the primary sources of Islam. The eschatological function of the Prophet is represented in these sources through a series of royal metaphors, connected to his rank (jāh) on the Day of Judgement, which will allow him access to a special station called the Station of Praise (al-maqām al-maḥmūd), endowed with specific attributes of royalty. Within Islamic esotericism, these doctrines receive a metaphysical interpretation closely connected to the reality of Muḥammad as the Perfect Man (al-insān al-kāmil). Since contemporary times, with the birth and spread of the Islamic Reform movements, these doctrines have been the target of intense opposition aimed also at related practices, such as, for example, visiting tombs in search of intercession, eventually resulting in the destruction of numerous sacred sites.

This updated edition is designed as a self-teaching, calculus-based introduction to the concepts of physics. Numerous examples, applications, and figures provide readers with simple explanations. Standard topics include vectors, conservation of energy, Newton’s Laws, momentum, motion, gravity, relativity, waves, fluid mechanics, circuits, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and more.

Features:

• Designed as a calculus-based, introduction to the key concepts of physics
• Practical techniques, including the collection, presentation, analysis and evaluation of data, are discussed in the context of key experiments linked to the theoretical spine of the work

This book covers the science of measuring the invisible building blocks of thought processes that are useful for understanding humans, including technology users, media consumers, and consumers of goods and services. It provides:

• An explanation of what self-report measurement entails for beginners;
• A clear set of assumptions needed in order for self-report measures to yield valuable information;
• A mindset that needs to be adopted when using self-report measurement in the contexts of surveys and experiments;
• Guidance for extracting opinion from social media text content and integrating AI;
• A roadmap for quantifying the errors associated with self-report measurement.

Dynamics, Mediation, Mobilization provides an accessible overview of cultural memory studies, a field substantially shaped by Ann Rigney. In more than sixty short chapters, leading and emerging scholars in the field present key concepts for the study of cultural memory – from ‘divided narratives’ to ‘the platformization of memory’ and ‘the memory of activism’. The volume includes voices from literary studies, media studies, history, sociology, political science, anthropology, and psychology.

Eight sections discuss innovations in the major research areas of cultural memory studies today: 1. History, Narrative, Literature; 2. The Dynamics of Memory; 3. Mediation and Remediation; 4. Lives and Afterlives of Texts; 5. National and Transnational Memory; 6. The Matter of Memory; 7. The Agency of the Aesthetic; 8. The Memory-Activism Nexus.

This new handbook will be an indispensable resource for cultural memory research across disciplines, opening up this exciting field to interested students and advanced academics alike.

Walking the Footsteps of a Forgotten Revolution details the bold and audacious insurrection in the opening phase of the German Revolution of 1848–1849. Friedrich Hecker, the most gifted young politician of his day, attempted to lead a group of rebels through Southwest Germany in hopes of fomenting a full-fledged revolution. The forces in play during the ten-day insurrection lay bare the larger historical factors that would plague German aspirations for freedom and democracy for the next hundred years. Steven Fuller’s engaged theory beautifully unfolds as he walks the actual two-hundred-mile route of the insurrection, simulating the conflict in real-time and in the real landscape of the rebellion. Skillfully combining elements of pure historical narrative and high theory, with the best aspects of travel literature, the author creates an engaging and readable story filled with drama and a cast of colorful characters; while at the same time, using the events of one hundred seventy-five years ago to weave in today’s issues of political engagement and violent insurrection.

The number of organization theorists and sociologists studying innovation and entrepreneurship has grown rapidly over the past two decades, yet it has been roughly 15 years since any volume has attempted a comprehensive review of the state of the literature.

In addition to having grown rapidly, the sociological literatures on entrepreneurship and innovation have evolved relatively independently. However, there are intellectual synergies to be gained in connecting these two literatures. A large share of innovation happens in the context of startups and a large share of startups pursue innovation through the commercialization of products and services.

Featuring engaging contributions from leading scholars in the field, the De Gruyter Handbook of Sociology of Innovation and Entrepreneurship is a must-have and up-to-date summary of the literatures on the sociology of entrepreneurship and innovation. It is a comprehensive reference work, highlighting emerging areas and cutting-edge research, while also providing a vibrant agenda that empowers scholars and students to generate new ideas and knowledge.

Executive editor: Ingo Loose; English-language edition prepared by: Elizabeth Harvey, Russell Alt-Haaker, Johannes Gamm, Georg Felix Harsch, Dorothy Mas, and Caroline Pearce

By 1941, most of the Jews in the Polish territories annexed to the Reich - Danzig-West Prussia, the Wartheland, District Bialystok, Zichenau (Ciechanów) and eastern Upper Silesia - were incarcerated in ghettos and camps: the largest ghettos were Litzmannstadt and Bialystok. This volume documents the situation in the ghettos, the deportations to extermination camps, the Jewish resistance in the ghettos and even at the extermination camp Kulmhof.

Learn more about the PMJ on https://pmj-documents.org/

The aim of the textbook is two-fold: first to serve as an introductory graduate course in Algebraic Topology and then to provide an application-oriented presentation of some fundamental concepts in Algebraic Topology to the fixed point theory.

A simple approach based on point-set Topology is used throughout to introduce many standard constructions of fundamental and homological groups of surfaces and topological spaces. The approach does not rely on Homological Algebra. The constructions of some spaces using the quotient spaces such as the join, the suspension, and the adjunction spaces are developed in the setting of Topology only.

The computations of the fundamental and homological groups of many surfaces and topological spaces occupy large parts of the book (sphere, torus, projective space, Mobius band, Klein bottle, manifolds, adjunctions spaces). Borsuk's theory of retracts which is intimately related to the problem of the extendability of continuous functions is developed in details. This theory together with the homotopy theory, the lifting and covering maps may serve as additional course material for students involved in General Topology.

The book comprises 280 detailed worked examples, 320 exercises (with hints or references), 80 illustrative figures, and more than 80 commutative diagrams to make it more oriented towards applications (maps between spheres, Borsuk-Ulam Theory, Fixed Point Theorems, …) As applications, the book offers some existence results on the solvability of some nonlinear differential equations subject to initial or boundary conditions.

The book is suitable for students primarily enrolled in Algebraic Topology, General Topology, Homological Algebra, Differential Topology, Differential Geometry, and Topological Geometry. It is also useful for advanced undergraduate students who aspire to grasp easily some new concepts in Algebraic Topology and Applications. The textbook is practical both as a teaching and research document for Bachelor, Master students, and first-year PhD students since it is accessible to any reader with a modest understanding of topological spaces.

The book aspires to fill a gap in the existing literature by providing a research and teaching document which investigates both the theory and the applications of Algebraic Topology in an accessible way without missing the main results of the topics covered.

When Keith Busby published his field-shaping Codex and Context in 2002, the work was referred to as ‘groundbreaking’ and ‘monumental’. It prompted scholars of medieval literature to return to manuscripts in their droves. However, Busby’s Codex and Context would also enact another, more gradual movement. His formulation of the term ‘medieval Francophonia’ to describe the presence, power and effect of French outside France would filter steadily into academic enquiry. The term and concept are now widely recognised and applied in global scholarship, including in multiple major projects dedicated to the topic.

This volume brings together a series of cutting-edge studies of medieval Francophonia, covering in one place and for the first time the fullest scope of the concept’s remit, with contributions on history, historiography, language, literature, culture, society and authority. At the same time as offering a timely contribution to the field, this volume pays tribute to Busby’s life work not only to pioneer medieval Francophonia, but also, and moreover, to encourage the study of the medieval through material philology. Each of the studies here, written by Busby’s friends and colleagues, thus roots its approach in a material context.

Divine epithets serve a variety of purposes, with the most frequent being those related to the locations and functions of the gods. Epithets derived from individual names, however, have received less attention. While few studies have focused on the Greek world, research on the Latin-speaking Mediterranean is still sporadic. Such “anthropophoric” onomastic attributes have often been interpreted as related to the name of a cult founder. Yet, such a practice rather suggests various forms of relationships between the god and the individual (or group) whose name shapes the epithet. These dynamics of “individualisation” of a deity require further exploration. This collective book provides, for the first time, a detailed catalog of 398 Greek and Latin occurrences from the broad circum-Mediterranean area (including Greece, Anatolia, the Levant, North Africa, the Iberian peninsula, Central Europe, Italy, and Rome), related to 45 divinities and 191 different epithets. Multiple case studies ranging from the 5^th or 4^th century BCE to the 4^th century CE, examined through different chronological, geographical, and thematic perspectives, offer valuable insights into local and regional strategies of religious appropriation.

This collection brings together twenty eight chapters written by Stephen Harrison’s colleagues and former students from around the globe to celebrate both his distinguished teaching and research career as a classicist and his outstanding and admirable service to the international classical community. The wide variety of original contributions on topics ranging from Greek to Latin and ancient literature’s reception in opera and contemporary writing is divided into five parts. Each corresponds to the staggering publication record of the honorand, encompassing, as it does, a broad literary spectrum, starting from the literature of the end of the Roman Republic and coming down to Neo-Latin and the reception of Classics in Irish, in English poetry and in European literature and culture in general. This corpus of compelling chapters is hoped to match Stephen Harrison’s rich research output in an illuminating dialogue with it.

Technological evolution represents a potential threat for incumbent businesses while offering opportunities for potential new entrants to surf the wave of change to break-in.

Technology Strategies - Turning technological change into competitive advantage addresses the challenge of reaping the benefits of technological innovation, providing firms with sound concepts, frameworks, tools, and methods to develop technology strategies proactively to carve a viable path for their future.

The book recaps fifty years of research findings reported in academic literature, sieving through the many bits and pieces of what has been learnt and reorganizing them into an integrated framework. The book also contains a part dedicated to the practical implications of the overall framework presented.

The book delves into technological change and its strategic consequences, revisits technological substitutions beyond the classic though potentially misleading S-curve representation, and suggests buying insurance against technological uncertainty, using the concept of organizational competence and capabilities underlying technologies.

Technology Strategies is an excellent resource to help top-tier management craft an overarching technology strategy for the future success of their organization.

Derivations on von Neumann algebras are well understood and are always inner, meaning that they act as commutators with a fixed element from the algebra itself. The purpose of this book is to provide a complete description of derivations on algebras of operators affiliated with a von Neumann algebra. The book is designed to serve as an introductory graduate level to various measurable operators affiliated with a von Neumann algebras and their properties. These classes of operators form their respective algebras and the problem of describing derivations on these algebras was raised by Ayupov, and later by Kadison and Liu. A principal aim of the book is to fully resolve the Ayupov-Kadison-Liu problem by proving a necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of non-inner derivation of algebras of measurable operators. It turns out that only for a finite type I von Neumann algebra M may there exist a non-inner derivation on the algebra of operators affiliated with M. In particular, it is established that the classical derivation d/dt of functions of real variables can be extended up to a derivation on the algebra of all measurable functions. This resolves a long-standing problem in classical analysis.

Gagaku, the ceremonial music of the imperial court, Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines in Japan, was established in the early 8th century and has been continuously performed since then. Despite its importance in the cultural and religious history of Japan, this is the only book on the cultural history of Gagaku published outside of Japan. The chapters, written by the leading experts on Gagaku in Japan and elsewhere, address religious, philosophical, and socio-cultural aspects of this music with focus on Buddhism, Confucianism, Shinto, and also explore the impact of modernization and globalization.

The book discusses developments from the 1600s until the present (most previous works focus on the 8th through 12th centuries), including the samurai appropriation of Gagaku and the diffusion of this music among learned commoners. It also traces the history of the global interest for Gagaku among contemporary composers in the early 20th century. This book brings a new understanding of the cultural history of Japan, by focusing on music, its conceptual system, and its impact on religion, society, and politics. A must read for specialists of Japanese religion and culture, musicologists, and all those who are interested in world music.

Numerical methods are the mathematical procedures that approximate the solution of complex mathematical problems into much simpler form and which find a wide variety of use while solving complex Physical Chemistry problems. This book aims to aide in understanding of such numerical methods including solving complex differential equations and numerical differentiation & integration. Moreover it also explains various statistical tests used in Analytical Chemistry for data analysis. The author has tried to include as many example from Chemistry problems for a better understanding of the methods.

Zu den großen Errungenschaften neuzeitlicher Kunst zählt es, sich den Menschen vor Augen zu führen. In der Zeichnung entwickelten die Künstler Italiens neue Abbildstrategien. Arbeitete man im 15.　Jahrhundert vor allem mit Silberstift und Feder, wurden bald neue Zeichenmittel gebräuchlich. Mit ihnen gelang es, den Menschen in seiner äußeren Erscheinung immer besser zu verstehen und in Bereiche der Empfindung und Gefühle vorzudringen. Exemplarisch wird aus dem reichen Münchner Bestand an Akt-, Gewand- und Kopfstudien von der Renaissance bis ins 18.　Jahrhundert eine Auswahl von rund 100　Blättern vorgestellt. Sie zeigt, wie die Künstler verschiedener italienischer Kunstlandschaften und Epochen ihre Zeichenmittel wählten, um ein je individuell geprägtes Menschenbild zu vermitteln.

Ausstellung Staatliche Graphische Sammlung München
23. Januar bis 21. April 2025

Un beau jour de décembre 875, le tisserand ʿUmar b. Mūsā, épousa Ḥalīma bint Nafīs devant d’illustres témoins de Fusṭāṭ. Quelque six siècles plus tard, au printemps 1411, Dame Fāṭima bint Fatḥ al-Dīn convola en secondes noces avec Ṭūġān, un mamelouk à l’avenir prometteur, et l’accueillit avec sa suite dans son palais de la capitale égyptienne. Les historiens d’aujourd’hui n’en auraient rien su si leurs actes de mariage n’avaient pas résisté au passage du temps, à l’instar de la centaine de pièces documentaires dont Mathieu Tillier et Naïm Vanthieghem offrent pour la première fois l’édition, la traduction et l’étude. Riches ou indigents, libres ou esclaves, les hommes et les femmes d’Égypte médiévale prirent l’habitude, dès le VIII^e siècle au moins, de faire consigner leurs unions par écrit, afin d’en expliciter les clauses et les modalités. Les ruptures par répudiation ou divorce à l’amiable étaient elles aussi confiées au calame des notaires. Les actes inédits ici réunis, s’échelonnant sur les périodes abbasside, fatimide, ayyoubide et mamelouke, ouvrent une fenêtre d’observation unique sur les stratégies matrimoniales, tant dans la capitale que dans les campagnes égyptiennes, sur les relations conjugales, sur les femmes et les hommes du commun comme de l’aristocratie, et sur les normes juridiques qui présidèrent à leurs unions. Après une première partie consacrée à l’édition de ces actes et de pièces annexes, les auteurs offrent une étude générale des pratiques matrimoniales dans l’Égypte médiévale d’après la documentation arabe.

Thirteen original essays study the mobility of Classicists sensu latiore, including philologists and archaeologists, between the Anglophone and Germanophone worlds between the mid-19th C. and 2020, concentrating on the North Atlantic Triangle. American classicists "rushed across the seas" for doctoral work in Germany (the great Hellenist Gildersleeve, the American circle around Wölfflin, the historian of classical scholarship Gudeman). The archaeologist Schliemann’s dubious profiteering in America is exposed. Two contemporary scholars describe how they moved to enrich their career horizons (Ludwig, Shanzer). More, however, sadly, were forced to seek asylum from 20^th century Fascism and anti-Semitism (Bieler, Brendel, Fraenkel). One (Gudeman) emigrated from America to Germany in the early Nazi period and later died in a labor camp. The lasting prominence of one novelist (Wallace) and one critic with a dark past (Pöschl), whose influential works crossed the sea, are also evaluated. The volume includes work in academic sociology, archival and epistolographical detective-work, in life writing, transmission-reception, and the history of scholarship.

"Die Sprache ist für den Dichter mehr als ein Gefäß, in das er seinen Zaubertrunk hineingibt; sie ist der Trunk an sich, der Zauber selbst." (Shmuel Niger)
Wie wirksam ist der Zauber fremder Poesie, übersetzt in eine kleine Sprache? Der vorliegende Band widmet sich den schonungslos selbstkritischen Reflexionen jiddischer Übersetzer, Kritiker, Korrektoren, Pädagogen und Übersetzungsforscher, vornehmlich im polnischen und sowjetischen Kulturraum der Zwischenkriegszeit.
Die Erschließung neuer künstlerischer Formen und ästhetischer Begriffe in extensiver Übersetzungstätigkeit und -kritik und deren kreative Aneignung trieben die Entwicklung der jiddisch-säkularen Kultur und ihrer Literatur voran.
Im jiddischen Warschau reflektierte man das Ringen um Sprache, diskutierte Übersetzungsstrategien, kritisierte die Willkür der Verlagsprogramme und forderte deren Systematisierung. Jiddisch-sowjetische Forscher und Literaten wandten die entstehende russisch-linguistische Übersetzungstheorie auf ihre Arbeit an. Kritik literarischer Übersetzung, etwa von Werken Krylows, Puschkins und Twains, aus wissenschaftlicher, philologischer und editionstechnischer Sicht waren auch im amerikanischen Kontinent verbreitet.
Der Band umfasst 33 Essays, den Auftakt bildet eine kleine Auswahl zur berühmten Übersetzung der gesamten hebräischen Bibel ins moderne Jiddisch durch Yehoyesh.

This book delves into dynamic systems modeling, probability theory, stochastic processes, estimation theory, Kalman filters, and game theory. While many excellent books offer insights into these topics, our proposed book takes a distinctive approach, integrating these diverse subjects to address uncertainties and demonstrate their practical applications.

The author aims to cater to a broad spectrum of readers. The book features approximately 150 meticulously explained solved examples and numerous simulation programs, each with detailed explanations.

"Modelling Stochastic Uncertainties" provides a comprehensive understanding of uncertainties and their implications across various domains. Here is a brief exploration of the chapters:

Chapter 1: Introduces the book's philosophy and the manifestation of uncertainties.

Chapter 2: Lays the mathematical foundation, focusing on probability theory and stochastic processes, covering random variables, probability distributions, expectations, characteristic functions, and limits, along with various stochastic processes and their properties.

Chapter 3: Discusses managing uncertainty through deterministic and stochastic dynamic modeling techniques.

Chapter 4: Explores parameter estimation amid uncertainty, presenting key concepts of estimation theory.

Chapter 5: Focuses on Kalman filters for state estimation amid uncertain measurements and Gaussian additive noise.

Chapter 6: Examines how uncertainty influences decision-making in strategic interactions and conflict management.

Overall, the book provides a thorough understanding of uncertainties, from theoretical foundations to practical applications in dynamic systems modeling, estimation, and game theory.

Um die nuancierte Funktionsweise von Interpunktion in den neutestamentlichen Handschriften der ägyptischen Spätantike zu ermitteln und eine mögliche Abhängigkeit oder auch Eigenständigkeit der koptischen von der älteren griechischen Interpunktion zu skizzieren, wurden mehrere Handschriften beider Sprachen nach einem neu entwickelten Schema behandelt. Die ausgewählten Zeugen umfassen die griechischen Kodizes P.Bodmer II und XV sowie den protobohairischen Papyrus Bodmer III und den sahidischen Gospelkodex sa 1, daneben mehrere Bilinguen mit dem Johannesevangelium.

Eine Zusammenstellung aller registrierten Pausen und deren Ordnung in ein Kategoriensystem bilden die Datensammlung. Eine darauf aufbauende Untersuchung von Schlüsselworten und bestimmten syntaktischen Strukturen auf die Regelmäßigkeit ihrer Markierung lässt Muster erkennen, die sich je nach Handschrift unterscheiden, jedoch häufig gemeinsame Grundzüge tragen. Die erfasste Interpunktion wirkt zumeist satzgliedernd und erleichtert den Lesefluss, kann teils aber auch inhaltliche Schwerpunkte setzen. Die Ergebnisse werfen neues Licht auf das setting, in dem die Handschriften produziert worden sind, und erlauben textkritisch relevante Einblicke in das spätantike Textverständnis.

The practice of management has experienced significant changes in recent years. Advances in technology, globalization, cultural shifts, competitive pressures, and the unpredictability of a fast-paced business environment have presented new challenges as well as opportunities for contemporary managers. The book Evolution of Management Practice has assembled the viewpoints of leading academics, management practitioners, and business consultants in order to uncover the most effective approaches pertaining to planning, leading, organizing and controlling. The book is poised to be an authoritative reference that will guide the practice of management for many years to come.

This book gives an advanced overview of several topics in infinite group theory. It can also be considered as a rigorous introduction to combinatorial and geometric group theory. The philosophy of the book is to describe the interaction between these two important parts of infinite group theory. In this line of thought, several theorems are proved multiple times with different methods either purely combinatorial or purely geometric while others are shown by a combination of arguments from both perspectives.

The first part of the book deals with Nielsen methods and introduces the reader to results and examples that are helpful to understand the following parts. The second part focuses on covering spaces and fundamental groups, including covering space proofs of group theoretic results. The third part deals with the theory of hyperbolic groups. The subjects are illustrated and described by prominent examples and an outlook on solved and unsolved problems.

New edition now includes the topics on universal free groups, quasiconvex subgroups and hyperbolic groups, and also Stallings foldings and subgroups of free groups. New results on groups of F-types are added.

The Aqedah, i.e., the story of the 'binding' of Isaac by Abraham, is a core text in all three Abrahamic religions and has been widely discussed in Judaism, Christianity and Islam for centuries. It still represents an intellectual, moral, and spiritual challenge for anyone who claims to be able to link morality and faith in God in a reasonably comprehensible way. The contributions in this anthology address this challenge from philosophical, theological and literary perspectives, by considering exemplary problems, epochs and authors pertaining to all three Abrahamic religions. The first part contains seven contributions exploring the epistemic and/or philosophical dimensions of the Aqedah. The second part contains nine essays on the (history of the) interpretation of the Aqedah from Israelite/Jewish, Christian and Islamic perspectives. The three texts in the third and final part discuss narratological issues and reflections of the problem within modern Hebrew literature. The volume complements and expands the existing scholarship on the subject, above all through its consistently interreligious approach and the inclusion of current philosophical and literary sources and debates.

This book is a comprehensive guide to Linear Algebra and covers all the fundamental topics such as vector spaces, linear independence, basis, linear transformations, matrices, determinants, inner products, eigenvectors, bilinear forms, and canonical forms. It also introduces concepts such as fields, rings, group homomorphism, and binary operations early on, which gives students a solid foundation to understand the rest of the material.

Unlike other books on Linear Algebra that are either too theory-oriented with fewer solved examples or too problem-oriented with less good quality theory, this book strikes a balance between the two. It provides easy-to-follow theorem proofs and a considerable number of worked examples with various levels of difficulty. The fundamentals of the subject are explained in a methodical and straightforward way.

This book is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of Mathematics and Engineering Mathematics who are studying Linear Algebra. It is also a useful resource for students preparing for exams in higher education competitions such as NET, GATE, lectureships, etc. The book includes some of the most recent and challenging questions from these exams.

This book delves into democratic deficiencies in the United States federal government, especially those that disenfranchise minority communities. It highlights key contemporary and persistent challenges to American democracy, examines them in their historical context, and proposes reforms to remedy them. It will serve as unique secondary text for US government & politics, African American racial & ethnic politics, and public policy courses.

Few philosophers present themselves with as much complexity as Marcus Tullius Cicero. At once a philosopher, statesman, orator, and lawyer, Cicero consciously fashioned his own image for posterity and wrote philosophical texts as invitations for his readers to think for themselves. His philosophy has continued to unfold over the centuries, repeatedly inspiring new and independent philosophical positions. Since J.G.F. Powell’s pivotal contribution in 1995, we have witnessed countless translations and scholarly treatments of Cicero’s philosophy that emphasize his creativity and influence. In this tradition, the present volume offers fresh and incisive contributions that advance the ongoing renaissance in Cicero scholarship.

Part One of the volume focuses on Cicero’s approaches to writing philosophy and on specific interpretive questions facing readers of his philosophical corpus. Part Two traces key moments in Cicero’s philosophical afterlife, from Augustine through the Scholastic period to the Renaissance, culminating in the rich and varied tradition of Ciceronian reception in the European Enlightenment. Throughout the volume, special attention is given to Cicero’s practical philosophy.

Roman epic is traditionally understood to advance a masculine, martial form of heroism. In his version of the Argonaut legend, the Argonautica, however, Valerius Flaccus challenges that prevailing ethos of the genre by turning Medea, Jason’s love interest in the story, into a heroic figure and Jason himself into her emasculated victim. The present study charts this plotline as it unfolds in the second half of Valerius’ epic, finding its key source of inspiration in the poetry of Ovid with its tales of transgressive love, gender-bending, and unconventional heroism. Employing an extensive program of allusion to his Metamorphoses and elegiac works, Valerius transforms Medea from the innocent, vulnerable girl we see in her first appearance in the poem into a threatening, powerful, and masculine figure, who not only helps Jason fulfill his quest for the golden fleece, but eclipses him as hero in the process. Readers of this study will gain insight into Valerius’ inventive reworking of the Argonaut myth and innovations within the epic genre as well as a greater appreciation for Ovid’s influence on Roman epic poetry in the first century CE.

In Anglophone literature, historical questions about urban, socio-economic, political, religious, and cultural development have often been answered using Anglo-French, Anglo-Low Countries, and Anglo-Italian paradigms and sources. Medieval Germany has been largely overlooked, seen as a peripheral and irrelevant anomaly. Conversely, scholars from the German Rhineland have mostly remained within the traditions of civic public history and Landesgeschichte. As a result, they rarely engage with the historical questions raised in wider European discourses.
This volume challenges these historiographical propensities by offering a fresh perspective on medieval urban Germany. It aims to integrate Cologne and the Rhineland more accurately and equitably into the wider histories of medieval Europe. The book engages with historical questions of wider relevance across both German and European medieval histories. It invites all scholars and students of medieval Europe to utilize Cologne as a key source for their research and writing.

Recent advancements in Transmission Electron Microscopy is built upon the remarkable achievements of the transmission electron microscope, especially, with the aberration corrected object lens, which itself is the incoherent integration of the particle electron optics and modern wave imaging technology.This involves the particle-wave duality of electrons.This book answers questions by applying the de Broglie Hypothesis and Einstein’s Theory of Relativity on the relationship between particles and electromagnetic waves to shed some light onto the electron microscopy. The first chapter explains what an electron is, which includes: (a) using the transmission electron microscope to observe the wave-particle duality of electrons, (b) the internal structure of the electron, (c) the electron as a confined electromagnetic vortices field in a corpuscle space. The following chapters, then, decipher the enigmatic relationship between the de Broglie wave of the electron and the internal electromagnetic flux circulatory motion, and analyze the spatiotemporal modification of the traveling electron corpuscle as it passes through the electron gun and magnetic lens. Based on the de Broglie wave of the traveling electron corpuscle at a certain velocity, the author defines the electron microscopy as the technology steering the velocity of the electron corpuscle assemble which encodes the information of periodic spatial grating constructed by the atoms and electromagnetic potential field, which surround the flying electrons. Then the author uses the space-time Talbot effects of the electrons to interpret the high resolution images, which was first developed by Ijima-Cowley, and expounds the contrast of the high resolution electron microscopy images as the intensity distribution of the assemble of corpuscle electron torus pulses train or beam at near field and at its far-field, which is a diffraction pattern. The final chapter of the book elaborates on how to understand the quantum electron microscopy. This book offers a comprehensive understanding what the quantum electron microscopy is, that may bring the microscopy field beyond the atom’s spatial periodicity in materials.

Is entrepreneurship a pathway out of poverty? Does creating a business represent a means for improving one’s life circumstances? Surprisingly little is known about ventures started by those in circumstances of poverty. This pioneering handbook integrates diverse perspectives from around the world regarding the poverty and entrepreneurship interface.

While the tendency among many scholars, economic developers, and policymakers is to downplay these ventures, arguing they are largely inefficient, marginal enterprises that create little innovation and few jobs, the chapters in this handbook demonstrate their significant contributions, and encourage societies to invest in their development.

The authors explore a range of factors affecting the ability of the poor to create enterprises that contribute to their well-being, including the role played by personal capabilities, education, family support and faith, availability of microfinance, technology, supportive community ecosystems and a munificent institutional environment. By shedding light on issues that can help nations realize the potential of these ventures, this volume demonstrates how entrepreneurship can serve as a source of empowerment, while providing direction regarding ways to surmount the obstacles that stand in the way.

Modern Science and R&D critically rely on teamwork. This completely revised and expanded book "Towards Scientific Leadership" offers a unique approach to helping young professionals transition from productive team members to effective team leaders. The authors provide innovative ideas and strategies for leadership development, setting the book apart from others in the field.

The basis of being a successful leader is authentic self-leadership – essential for all who want to control their own life. People who know themselves and realise what it takes to be productive and deliver results also understand how to lead others and inspire them to perform naturally and undertake initiatives. For scientists, who like to focus on knowledge and insight and how to transfer it to others, self-leadership is key to creating value and adopting it in practice. The book explains how to become a successful (self)leader, not with tricks, but with an inspiring vision and mission, the correct mindset, and effective teamwork.

Variously identified as an art, a technology, and a professional prerequisite, forms of shorthand have been in use from Antiquity to the modern day. Far from a niche corner in manuscript studies, shorthand represents an almost global phenomenon that has touched upon many aspects of everyday life and of scholarship. Due to its immediate illegibility, however, and the daunting task of decipherment, shorthand has long been neglected as a research object in its own right. The immense quantity of extant and unread shorthand manuscripts has been downplayed, as has the technology’s place in cultures of learning, religious devotion, court practice, parliamentary procedure, authorial composition, corporate life, public and private writing, and the academy. As the first ever peer-reviewed volume on the subject, this book presents a much-needed introduction to shorthand, its history, and its disparate historiography, alongside eight contributions by shorthand specialists that showcase some of the many lines of inquiry that shorthand inspires across a range of disciplinary and methodological perspectives. For readers with a vested interest in shorthand, this volume provides a range of approaches to shorthand in the Latin West, from the Middle Ages to the nineteenth century, upon which to orient, substantiate, and inform their own work. For general readers, this publication invites scholars to consider ways in which historically overlooked or underestimated forms of writing facilitated a variety of writing cultures in different contexts, periods, and languages.

This book contains surveys and research articles on the state-of-the-art in finitely presented groups for researchers and graduate students. Overviews of current trends in exponential groups and of the classification of finite triangle groups and finite generalized tetrahedron groups are complemented by new results on a conjecture of Rosenberger and an approximation theorem. A special emphasis is on algorithmic techniques and their complexity, both for finitely generated groups and for finite Z-algebras, including explicit computer calculations highlighting important classical methods. A further chapter surveys connections to mathematical logic, in particular to universal theories of various classes of groups, and contains new results on countable elementary free groups. Applications to cryptography include overviews of techniques based on representations of p-groups and of non-commutative group actions. Further applications of finitely generated groups to topology and artificial intelligence complete the volume. All in all, leading experts provide up-to-date overviews and current trends in combinatorial group theory and its connections to cryptography and other areas.

This volume of essays in honor of Lucia Athanassaki offers a great variety of chapters on a number of topics in Greek and Latin literature and genres, from Greek epic and lyric poetry to Greek drama and late antiquity, Greek historiography, and Latin lyric poetry.

This book introduces quadratic ideal numbers as objects of study with applications to binary quadratic forms and other topics. The text requires only minimal background in number theory, much of which is reviewed as needed. Computational methods are emphasized throughout, making this subject appropriate for individual study or research at the undergraduate level or above.

Im wissenschaftlichen Werk Martin Karrers liegen seit Jahren Schwerpunkte auf textkritischen Arbeiten zur Septuaginta, zum Hebräerbrief und zur Apokalypse. Zur Textgeschichte und Rezeption dieser Schriften bzw. Schriftengruppe legen Wegbegleiterinnen und Wegbegleiter　wie auch Kolleginnen und Kollegen Beiträge vor, mit denen sie ihn zum 70. Geburtstag ehren.

Die Sammlung gibt Einblick in die Vielfalt heutiger Textforschung und ihre Relevanz für die Erforschung des frühen Judentums, des Neuen Testaments und des frühen Christentums.

Die Artikel　befassen sich mit der Rezeption von LXX-Zitaten in neutestamentlichen Schriften und in Werken der Kirchenschriftsteller ebenso wie　mit der Textgeschichte und Auslegung des Hebräerbriefes, der Johannesapokalypse und des Johannesevangeliums sowie mit einzelnen Handschriften apokrypher Texten.　

Behandelt werden　hierbei papyrologische und kodikologische Aspekte, paratextuelle Elemente und Illustrationen in Handschriften, patristische Texte und Katenen, frühe Versionen (Lateinisch, Sahidisch, Arabisch), spätantike bzw. frühmittelalterliche Kommentare und Fragen der Kanongeschichte.　

Die Textüberlieferung und ihre Träger kommen als Zeugen einer vielfältigen, lebendigen Geschichte in den Blick.

Die Forschungen von K. Holl (1896 und 1899) und M. Richard (1962 und 1976) haben gezeigt, dass die von M. Lequien 1712 (PG 95–96) publizierten Sacra Parallela nur Auszüge eines sehr viel umfangreicheren, in drei Bücher unterteilten Florilegs sind, das in seiner ursprünglichen Form verloren ist, aber mit Hilfe der aus ihm abgeleiteten Florilegien einigermaßen rekonstruiert werden kann. Spätestens seit dem 10. Jh. wurden die Sacra Johannes von Damaskos zugeschrieben, wohl zu Unrecht, da gute Gründe für eine Datierung des Werkes in das erste Viertel des 7. Jh.s sprechen. Das erste Buch ist Gott gewidmet.

Religion plays a central role in a variety of social movements, including many that are not explicitly faith-based. This book provides the first systematic analysis of the ways religion contributes to diverse movements for social change. It draws on a variety of case studies, from the US and globally, to build an argument about religion’s distinctive capacity to provide logistical support, to inspire and legitimize activist practices, to connect different spatial scales, and to link big ideas to everyday experiences.

The book’s analysis rests on three foundational arguments. First and most fundamentally, it is impossible to understand movements for social change without analyzing the multiple ways that religion shapes their ideas, communities, and practices.

Second, religion is always in mutually transformative interaction with social and political forces and can never be entirely separated from them. In social movements and in the public sphere more generally, people interpret politics with values and concepts drawn from religion and understand their activism as spiritually meaningful. This challenges the assumption that religion is a largely a private matter.

Third, scholars must treat religion as a relatively independent variable, which actively shapes social processes just as it is shaped by them. We cannot make sense of religion’s role in social movements without acknowledging that religious institutions and traditions have, to some extent, a life of their own.

Currently, large amounts of plastic waste are incinerated or landfilled, despite the existence of several recycling routes. In this book, a roadmap is provided to increase the amount of recycled plastic waste. Focus is on poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, which is a polymer widely used for its optical properties. The entire recycling chain, from collection of plastic waste, to mechanical/chemical recycling, and purification is covered.

Biogenic toxins are fascinating natural products characterized by an enormous diversity of chemical structures and pharmacological activities. They not only pose hazards to humans and animals, but they are important components in the interplay of substances and living beings in nature and, moreover, important sources for new drugs.

Numerous images of plants and chemical structural formulas complete the book, as well as extensive references for further reading.

The multivolume reference is an essential resource for physicians, veterinarians, pharmacists, chemists, biochemists, food chemists and biologists, for students in the relevant fields, and maybe for interested laymen.

All aspects of natural toxins based on the latest scientific knowledge are included:

• All aspects of the toxicology of all living organisms and natural foods, chemistry, action mechanisms, symptoms of intoxications.
• The only book arranged on a strictly scientific base according to the biogenetic origin and chemical structure.

Natural Poisons and Venoms in 5 Volumes:

Volume 1: Plant Toxins: Terpenes and Steroids 2023, ISBN 978-3-11-072472-1

Volume 2: Plant Toxins: Polyketides, Phenylpropanoids and Further Compounds 2024, ISBN 978-3-11-072851-4

Volume 4: Animal Toxins 2023, ISBN 978-3-11-072854-5

Volume 5: Fungal and Microbial Toxins 2025, ISBN 978-3-11-072856-9

Flagging enrollments. Disappearing majors. Closed departments. The academic study of religion is in trouble. No Bosses, No Gods argues that Karl Marx is essential for reversing course—but it will take letting go of what most scholars think they know about him.

The book’s first half draws on the scholarship of international specialists—as well as new translations of the original German texts—to present Marx the anti-theorist, a political journalist deeply skeptical about what happens when the professoriate sits down to "theorize" about social worlds. The second half appeals to this modified portrait of Marx and charts a new course beyond both actually existing religious studies and contemporary genealogies of the religion category. The result, perhaps, is an academic study of religion worth having in the twenty-first century.