De Gruyter

This text offers a unique balance of theory and a variety of standard and new applications along with solved technology-aided problems.

The book includes the fundamental mathematical theory, as well as a wide range of applications, numerical methods, projects, and technology-assisted problems and solutions in Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB. Some of the applications are new, some are unique, and some are discussed in an essay. There is a variety of exercises which include True/False questions, questions that require proofs, and questions that require computations.

The goal is to provide the student with is a solid foundation of the mathematical theory and an appreciation of some of the important real-life applications. Emphasis is given on geometry, matrix transformations, orthogonality, and least-squares.

Designed for maximum flexibility, it is written for a one-semester/two semester course at the sophomore or junior level for students of mathematics or science.

The book concerns with solving about 650 ordinary and partial differential equations. Each equation has at least one solution and each solution has at least one coloured graph. The coloured graphs reveal different features of the solutions. Some graphs are dynamical as for Clairaut differential equations. Thus, one can study the general and the singular solutions. All the equations are solved by Mathematica. The first chapter contains mathematical notions and results that are used later through the book. Thus, the book is self-contained that is an advantage for the reader. The ordinary differential equations are treated in Chapters 2 to 4, while the partial differential equations are discussed in Chapters 5 to 10. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, for researchers in engineering, physics, chemistry, and others. Chapter 9 treats parabolic partial differential equations while Chapter 10 treats third and higher order nonlinear partial differential equations, both with modern methods. Chapter 10 discusses the Korteweg-de Vries, Dodd-Bullough-Mikhailov, Tzitzeica-Dodd-Bullough, Benjamin, Kadomtsev-Petviashvili, Sawada-Kotera, and Kaup-Kupershmidt equations.

Many brewers and craft beer drinkers have dreams of working at or owning a brewery. Chemists and Biologists are a very natural fit in the brewing industry given their training, background and interests in exploring the world around them. This book supports that natural curiosity through a series of interviews with these individuals who work in the brewing industry at all levels of employment from the lab manager to working as brewery staff to starting a brewery.

The series of beautiful sacramentaries made at Saint-Amand in the later ninth century offer us unique insight into an early medieval scriptorium at work. These manuscripts contain principally the prayer texts for the celebration of the Mass, a ceremony which stood at the centre of monastic life in this period. They display how this largely neglected genre discloses creativity and initiative on the part of the monks of Saint-Amand, who re-organised and re-composed this especially versatile literature. They made their books uniquely comprehensive and full of insight into how the mass liturgy was re-made at a critical period in its development. This innovative study makes these sources accessible for the first time.

In-depth study of script, decoration, and content enables a new appreciation of the context in which the deluxe Saint-Amand manuscripts were produced. It foregrounds ecclesiastical patronage, the political and intellectual dynamics at the waning of Carolingian power, and the intensive collaboration of scribes, artists, and liturgical composers, as well as the unique ways liturgical manuscripts can inform our understanding of medieval life and thought.　

The crusading movement endured well beyond the 14th century. Across Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe, the desire for crusading continued to wield substantial influence, transcending borders and permeating diverse social strata. This companion brings together pertinent research and organizes a field of study that has become solidified recently. It focuses on crusading activities, rhetoric, discourses, and symbols that left lasting impacts and had global consequences for both Christian and Muslim societies.

With contributions from Marian Coman, André Teixeira, António Lázaro, Pavel Soukoup, Emir O. Filipović, Ferenc Toth, Ana Echevarría, Ignacio Bernstorff, Iulian Damian, Benjamin Weber, Nikolay Antov, Heribert Müller, Magnus Ressel, Paul Srodecki, Stefan Schröder, James Mixson, Eleni Tounta, Iván Rega Castro, Borja Franco Llopis, Loïc Chollet, Catherine Gaullier-Bougassas, Antonio García Espada, Norman Housley

Industrial Organic Chemistry examines all major industrial manufacturing technologies and reaction types with a focus on organic chemistry in general and petroleum refining in particular. The author takes a systematic approach to introducing the most important classes of organic compounds, from the C1 fraction through to polyaromatics and polymers.

The author introduces biological sources for key compounds such as fuel and plastics and compares these bio-based organic materials to the corresponding petroleum-based chemicals.

In addition to the chemistry behind processes in the petroleum, pharma, food and agrochemical industries, this book also discusses related topics such as process selectivity, waste management, and product purification.

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This book presents a projector analysis of dynamic systems on time scales. The dynamic systems are classified as first, second, third and fourth kinds. For each classes of dynamic systems the basic matrix chains are constructed. The proposed theory is applied for decoupling of dynamic equations on time scales. Properly involved derivatives, constraints and consistent initial values for the considered equations are defined. A linearization for nonlinear dynamic systems is introduced and the total derivative for regular linearized equations with tractability index one is investigated.

Industrial Inorganic Chemistry adds to the previously published graduate level textbooks on Industrial Chemistry by Mark A. Benvenuto. It focuses specifically on inorganic processes, from the largest industrial process for the production of major inorganic chemicals and metals, down to and including smaller niche processes that have become extremely important in maintaining the current quality of life. The book provides a survey on the production of essential elements and compounds, such as sulfuric acid, calcium carbonate, fertilizers as well as numerous metals and alloys. In addition to the fundamental scientific principles each chapter includes discussions on the environmental impacts: mining of raw materials, creation of by-products, pollution, and waste generation, all of which have become key factors for the potential implementation of greener methods. The author also highlights ways in which industry has begun to make industrial inorganic processes more environmentally benign.

• Examines major inorganic chemistry processes, their effect on every-day life and current efforts to improve processes or adapt „green" chemical production.
• Provides didactic links between theoretical lecture contents and current, largescale chemical processes.
• Valuable for students of Inorganic Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science.

Provides the first systematic study of geometry and topology of locally symmetric rank one manifolds and dynamics of discrete action of their fundamental groups. In addition to geometry and topology, this study involves several other areas of Mathematics – from algebra of varieties of groups representations and geometric group theory, to geometric analysis including classical questions from function theory.

The Manual of Galician Linguistics provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the current situation of the Galician language and introduces its readers to the most important topics of current linguistic research on Galician. Chapters cover diachronic and synchronic descriptions of all main areas of language structure (phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicology), as well social and regional variation, language contact and other interesting areas of linguistic research.

Rich in descriptive details and grounded in modern linguistic theory, this manual is an essential research tool for students and researchers who are interested in the Galician language and in Romance linguistics.

The preparation of this work has been partially funded through grants from the Ministerio de Cultura of the Government of Spain to the Instituto da Lingua Galega, and from the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade of the Xunta de Galicia to the research group Filoloxía e Lingüística Galega of the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (ED431C 2021/20).

This book is intended as an introduction to Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics for students in mathematics, the physical sciences, engineering, and related fields. It is based on the author’s 25 years of experience teaching probability and is squarely aimed at helping students overcome common difficulties in learning the subject. The focus of the book is an explanation of the theory, mainly by the use of many examples. Whenever possible, proofs of stated results are provided. All sections conclude with a short list of problems. The book also includes several optional sections on more advanced topics. This textbook would be ideal for use in a first course in Probability Theory.

Contents:
Probabilities
Conditional Probabilities and Independence
Random Variables and Their Distribution
Operations on Random Variables
Expected Value, Variance, and Covariance
Normally Distributed Random Vectors
Limit Theorems

Introduction to Stochastic Processes
Mathematical Statistics
Appendix
Bibliography
Index

Physicalism is a metaphysical thesis easily presented in slogan form – there is nothing over and above the physical – but notoriously difficult to formulate precisely. Understanding physicalism combines insights from contemporary philosophy of mind and metaphysics to present a new account of physical properties and metaphysical dependence and, on this foundation, develop a more rigorous and illuminating formulation of the thesis of physicalism

Embark on a transformative journey through uncharted realms of research and industry with the first book of the "Cannabis Innovations" series. This multidisciplinary effort breaks the mold of typical cannabis texts by providing chapters written by a diverse array of professionals actively shaping the frontiers of cannabis science and business. Regulatory consultants, lawyers, pharmacologists, industry operators, and academics unite to offer seldom encountered perspectives found in traditional cannabis discourse. Our compilation is a carefully curated exploration of the advanced and interconnected complexities of cannabis and is tailored for those with a foundational understanding, ready to delve deeper into the subject.

This is part of a larger DeGruyter initiative which focuses on innovative and novel topics, each volume of this series serves as a guide through the multifaceted landscape of cannabis. Step into a pragmatic view of the cannabis industry’s future, where research and innovation converge to advance our understanding of this complex plant, helping us become poised to balance the risks and benefits for the challenges that lay ahead.

This textbook provides ample opportunities for practice and real experimental demonstrations. Conceptual understanding and mastering key techniques are enhanced by rigorous derivations, numerous worked examples, more than 300 exercises, about 150 problems and 16 computer codes. The preface summarizes all of the key concepts and formulas, along with a detailed schedule for teaching.

The first three chapters introduce the quantum idea, wave-particle duality, operators and measurement. The Noether theorem is invoked to introduce the Schrödinger equation, followed by applications to infinite and finite quantum wells, quantum tunneling, harmonic oscillators, Heisenberg equation of motion, uncertainty principle, blackbody radiation and photoelectric effect. Chapters 4 and 5 are on angular momentum, the hydrogen atom and time-independent approximate methods. Chapters 6 and 7 are on spin and time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapters 8, 9 and 10 are on molecular orbitals, energy bands, quantum transport, scanning tunneling microscopy, lattice vibrations, Berry phase and quantum computing.

The book is intended for a one-semester or one-year course and is also appropriate for researchers in related fields.

Das Werk analysiert, welche Funktionen Gesetzeskommentare haben. Hierfür werden Kommentartexte aus zwischen 1910 und 1920 publizierten Kommentaren zum Reichsstrafgesetzbuch verglichen. Aus den Analyseergebnissen werden allgemeine Aussagen zu Kommentarfunktionen abgeleitet und normbedingte Unterschiede identifiziert.

This volume presents the wall inscriptions carved in Latin and Greek from the Vesuvian towns of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae, and includes an extensive epigraphic, philological, linguistic, and historical commentary. More than half of these inscriptions had not been edited until now. Antonio Varone is one of the world’s leading experts in the field of Latin epigraphy.

Klimageschichte hat Konjunktur. Dies zeigt sich nicht nur an stetig steigenden Publikationszahlen, sondern auch an einem großen öffentlichen Interesse. Für die Alte Geschichte fehlt es bislang jedoch – auch international – an fundierter Einführungsliteratur. Diese Arbeit fasst daher nicht nur das vorhandene Wissen enzyklopädisch zusammen, sondern ordnet auch die verschiedenen Forschungsperspektiven und das komplexe Datenmaterial kritisch ein.

Application of Process Intensification (PI) presents a set of radically innovative principles in process and equipment design, which can bring significant benefits in terms of process efficiency, capital and operating expenses, quality, process safety, and sustainability. Typical approaches in bioprocess intensification are the reduction of the number of production steps, continuous processing, integrated processes, and alternative energy inputs.

De Europa ist eine geographisch-historische Schrift des Humanisten und Papstes Enea Piccolomini/Pius II. (1405–1464). Inhalt des Werkes sind die Ereignisse, die sich während der Regierungszeit des Kaisers Friedrich III., dessen Sekretär Enea war, in den Ländern Europas abspielten. Er mischt persönlich Erlebtes und Übernommenes, ist selbst in Europa weit herumgekommen und kennt viele geistliche und weltliche Herren seiner Epoche persönlich.

This is the first of a two-volume edition of Alexander of Aphrodisias’ commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics. The new edition, which includes a philosophical and philological introduction, as well as notes on textcritical issues, is based on a critical evaluation of the entire manuscript tradition of the commentary. It also takes into account its indirect tradition and the Latin translation of Juan Ginès Sepúlveda.

Global society needs the new fields of Knowledge Management/Knowledge Services, Organization Development, Diversity & Inclusion, and Conversational Leadership. They are remarkable tools, management methodologies, and personally rewarding techniques for working professionals, managers, and all levels of leadership. These new fields described in this book, enable the highest levels of knowledge sharing and workplace success.

This book will help chemists and non-chemists alike understand the fundamentals of surface chemistry and precursor design, and how these precursors drive the processes of atomic layer deposition, and how the surface-precursor interaction governs atomic layer deposition processes. The underlying principles in atomic layer deposition rely on the chemistry of a precursor with a surface.

This volume, the second of a five-volume edition of the third order of the Jerusalem Talmud, deals in part I (Soṭah) with the ordeal of the wife suspected of adultery (Num 5) and the role of Hebrew in the Jewish ritual. Part II (Nedarim) is concerned with Korban and similar expressions, vows and their consequences, and vows of women (Num 30).

Das ‚lange 19. Jahrhundert‘ sah drei Gesamtübersetzungen der Schriften des Lukian aus Samosata: Wieland (1788/89), Pauly (1827–1832) und Fischer (1886/87). Die Neuübersetzung, nach Werkgruppen gegliedert, bezieht ihre Berechtigung aus Wielands Feststellung, große Texte müssten alle 30 bis 40 Jahre neu übersetzt werden, um den Veränderungen der Sprache Rechnung zu tragen. Der dritte Band enthält Lukians Schriften über Götter.

This book discusses methods for the assessment of energetic compounds through heat of detonation, detonation pressure, velocity and temperature, Gurney energy and power. The authors focus on the detonation pressure and detonation velocity of non-ideal aluminized energetic compounds. This 2nd Edition includes an updated and improved presentation of simple, reliable methods for the design, synthesis and development of novel energetic compounds.

Antimony (Sb) is an exciting chemical element ubiquitously present in our daily lives. This book provides a coherent and interdisciplinary picture of our current understanding of this element. Subjects ranging from its mineralogy, mining and environmental chemistry to its potential impact in ecosystems and human health are discussed in this monograph.

This volume brings together descriptions and analyses of the conjoint/disjoint alternation, a typologically significant phenomenon found in many Bantu languages. The chapters provide in-depth documentation, comparative studies and theoretical analyses of the alternation from a range of Bantu languages, showing its crosslinguistic variation in constituent structure, morphology, prosody and information structure.

Algebraic combinatorics is the study of combinatorial objects as an extension of the study of finite permutation groups, or, in other words, group theory without groups. In the spirit of Delsarte's theory, this book studies combinatorial objects such as graphs, codes, designs, etc. in the general framework of association schemes, providing a comprehensive overview of the theory as well as pointing out to extensions.

This volume provides practical, but provocative, case studies of exemplary projects that apply digital technology or methods to the study of religion. An introduction and 16 essays are organized by the kinds of sources digital humanities scholars use – texts, images, and places – with a final section on the professional and pedagogical issues digital scholarship raises for the study of religion.

Climate change is a major challenge facing the modern world. The chemistry of air and it's influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this monograph. The book presents a problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes, evaluating the effects of changing air composition as well as possibilities for interference within these processes and indicates ways for solving the problem of climate change through chemistry.

While plastics offer undeniable benefits, their exponential growth in production has raised concerns about resource depletion and pollution. Efforts to address the end-of-life challenges of plastics have been hindered by low recycling rates and inadequate waste management systems. Only a fraction of plastic waste is recycled globally, with a significant portion ending up in landfills or polluting natural environments. The persistence of plastic waste, coupled with its widespread contamination of oceans, freshwater systems, and terrestrial habitats, underscores the urgent need for solutions to mitigate its environmental impact. In response to these challenges, emerging circular plastics technologies, particularly chemical recycling, offer promising avenues for transforming plastic waste into valuable resources. Chemical recycling methods, including pyrolysis, depolymerization, and open-loop recycling, present opportunities to break down plastics into fuels, chemicals, and monomers, thus closing the loop on plastic production and consumption.

This book provides an overview of emerging chemical recycling technologies, focusing on advancements in pyrolysis, depolymerization, and open-loop recycling processes. Highlighting notable technological innovations and industry efforts to commercialize these methods, the book serves as a guide to understanding the potential of chemical recycling in addressing the plastic waste crisis.

Although fictional characters have long dominated the reception of literature, films, television programs, comics, and other media products, only recently have they begun to attract their due attention in literary and media theory. The book systematically surveys today´s diverse and at times conflicting theoretical perspectives on fictional character.

A pioneering interdisciplinary study of the art, production and social functions of Late Antique ritual artefacts. Utilising case studies from the Graeco-Egyptian magical papyri and the Heidelberg archive it establishes new approaches, provides a holistic understanding of the multi-sensory aspects of ritual practice, and explores the transmission of knowledge traditions across faiths.

Der Band 4.2 enthält den Kommentar zum dritten und vierten Teil von Nietzsches Also sprach Zarathustra. Entstanden in den Jahren 1883 bis 1885 handelt es sich um das populärste Werk Nietzsches, das aufgrund seiner poetischen Form und seiner Rätselhaftigkeit enorme Strahlkraft entfaltet hat, aber auch, weil es mit dem "Übermenschen" und der "ewigen Wiederkunft" zentrale Konzepte Nietzsches vorstellt.

The Heidelberg Academy of Sciences is undertaking the first comprehensive historical and critical commentary of Friedrich Nietzsche’s works. Although Nietzsche is one of the most influential thinkers of the modern age, until now, no general commentary on his oeuvre has been published that addresses the full spectrum of philosophical, historical, and literary contexts and sources that inform his work. This commentary on the works of Friedrich Nietzsche will be an invaluable foundation for future Nietzsche research.

This book provides an overview of intellectual and academic life in ancient Mesopotamia, bringing together leading experts to survey the education system, history of the scribal industry, key organization and outputs of scholarship, and major areas of intellectual inquiry. It serves as a point of entry to the current research in this field.

This book provides an overview of social life in ancient Mesopotamia, bringing together leading experts to survey key social domains of daily life as well as major non-dominant social groups. It serves as a point of entry to the current research in this field.

The edition offers a new critical text of De rerum natura. It has been established after fresh collation of the manuscripts and a critical evaluation of previous editorial scholarship. It is equipped with a critical apparatus, an apparatus of sources and an apparatus of repeated lines. The preface discusses the manuscript tradition of Lucretius and the way the text and apparatuses have been constructed.

Die Ideengeschichte der deutschsprachigen Zivilrechtswissenschaften hat nicht wirklich Konjunktur. Dennoch tut solch eine Ideengeschichte Not: für eine Besinnung auf das Gesamtbild in den deutschsprachigen Rechtswissenschaften selbst, jedoch durchaus auch, um ein Bild der deutschsprachigen Zivilrechtswissenschaften hinauszutragen nach Europa und darüber hinaus. Dies gilt gerade in einer Zeit, in der Ideen zirkulieren und ihr Zirkulieren auch in besonderem Maße geeignet ist, transnationale Rechtswirklichkeit zu prägen. Zu solch einer Ideengeschichte sollen die hier versammelten Einzeldarstellungen deutschsprachiger Zivilrechtslehrer einen Beitrag leisten.

Der zweibändigen Edition liegt die Ringvorlesung „Deutschsprachige Zivilrechtslehrer des 20. Jahrhunderts in Berichten ihrer Schüler“ zugrunde, die die Herausgeber an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, der Europa-Universität Viadrina, Frankfurt (Oder), und der Ruhr-Universität Bochum durchgeführt haben.

Der einerseits teils versteckte, teils offene Verlust der parlamentarischen Steuerungsfähigkeit und die andererseits wachsende Präponderanz der Regierung in wichtigen gesellschaftspolitischen Fragen (z. B. Atomausstieg, Terrorismusbekämpfung) wird immer häufiger kritisiert, da sie das Parlament zunehmend aus dem Zentrum der politischen Macht verdrängten. Der Vortrag geht den Gründen dieser Entwicklung nach und gelangt über die Analyse der Bedeutung des parlamentarischen Entscheidungsprozesses und der Funktion der Gesetzgebung zu einer Bewertung dieser Vorgänge. Die "offene Gesellschaft der Gesetzgeber" und die Tendenz zur "De-Institutionalisierung" der Gesetzgebung sind nach Ansicht des Autors geeignet, außer der Freiheit vor allem auch die Gleichheit der Bürger zu gefährden.

This text is based on an inspection of the most important surviving manuscripts of Antiquity and a re-evaluation of the textual transmission of Cicero in the Middle Ages. All in all, therefore, the new edition rests on the collation of a larger number of manuscripts than that of Theodor Schiche (BT, 1915).

Euripides' Danae and Dictys are two of the most important and influential treatments of a popular tragic myth-cycle, which is unrepresented among extant plays. Moreover, they are early treatments of major Euripidean plot-patterns that anticipate and illuminate more familiar works in the corpus, both extant and fragmentary. This is the first full-scale study of the two plays, which sheds light on plot-patterns, key themes and aspects of Euripidean dramatic technique (e.g. his rhetoric, imagery, stagecraft), as well as matters of reception and transmission of both tragedies, by taking into account newly related evidence. The cautious recovery of the two lost plays based on the available evidence and the detailed commentary on their fragments seek to complement our knowledge of Euripidean drama by contributing to an overview and more comprehensive picture of the dramatist's technique, as the extant corpus represents only a small portion of his oeuvre.

'Chaireas and Kallirhoe', Chariton's story of love and adventure (1st or 2nd century C.E.), is probably the oldest of the completely preserved Greek novels. The last scholarly edition was published in 1938 (W.E. Blake, Oxford). Now a critical edition of Chariton appears for the first time in the Bibliotheca Teubneriana, it is based on a careful evaluation of the textual tradition, and takes account of all the results of international research during the last sixty years.

This is the editio princeps, based on new papyrus discoveries, of a Greek poem on astrology by an author whose notorious collaborations with Simon Magus is novelistically recounted in the Clementina. A versified handbook of horoscopes and introduction to the sciences, it is the only Greek astrological poem to have been written in elegiac couplets, and ist a new accession to the corpus of didactic poetry in the tradition of Aratus' Phaenomena, Manilius' Astronomica, and Ovid's Fasti. The edition offers a collection and complete re-edition of the remains of the poem's original four books: published and unpublished papyri, plus fragments and testimonia preserved in the secondary tradition.

Der Band dokumentiert die Ergebnisse des XIV. Anglo-deutschen Kolloquiums zur deutschen Literatur des Mittelalters. Mit dem Problemfeld von »Autor und Autorschaft« widmen sich die 22 Beiträge einem der wichtigsten Themen der aktuellen mediävistischen Diskussion. Überwiegend als Fallstudien angelegt, greifen sie anhand von Texten aus dem gesamten deutschsprachigen Mittelalter Fragen auf etwa nach dem Verhältnis von Performanz, Textualität und Autorschaft, nach der Leistung von Autorennamen und Autorenbildern in der handschriftlichen Überlieferung, nach einem historisch adäquaten Autorbegriff, nach Autorenrollen und ihrem gattungsspezifischen Profil.

Forms and Concepts is the first comprehensive study of the central role of concepts and concept acquisition in the Platonic tradition. It sets up a stimulating dialogue between Plato’s innatist approach and Aristotle’s much more empirical response. The primary aim is to analyze and assess the strategies with which Platonists responded to Aristotle’s (and Alexander of Aphrodisias’) rival theory. The monograph culminates in a careful reconstruction of the elaborate attempt undertaken by the Neoplatonist Proclus (6th century AD) to devise a systematic Platonic theory of concept acquisition.

Published in honor of the 85th anniversary of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), 85 Years IFLA: A History and Chronology of Sessions 1927–2012 presents a thorough history of the organization from its 1927 founding through 2012. Supplemented with a bibliography, appendixes, and index, 85 Years IFLA is the definitive guide to the largest international library association in the world, as well as the leading body representing the interests of library and information services and their users today.

The papers collected in this volume discuss descriptive methods and present conclusions relevant for the history of the book production and reception. Books printed in Europe in the 15th and 16th century still had much in common with manuscripts. They are not mere textual sources, but also material objects whose physical make-up and individual features need to be taken into account in library projects for cataloguing and digitization.

This book presents a unique introduction into the field of bioinorganic chemistry through practical laboratory experiments. Topics include many aspects of modern bioinorganic chemistry such as model systems for metalloenzymes, biosensors, metal bioconjugates and metal-based drugs. Each chapter contains a brief introduction, followed by detailed experimental procedures, completed with all necessary background information for the student as well as their instructors.

• A valuable supplement to standard textbooks of inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry
• Essential for all instructors teaching laboratory courses in general and inorganic chemistry

In Greek Late Antiquity philosophy defined itself above all through the interpretation of authoritative texts such as Plato’s dialogues or the treatises of Aristotle.

This work looks at the last Late Antique commentaries on Aristotle’s Physics, the pagan Simplicius and the Christian Philoponus (both 6th cent. AD). Golitsis demonstrates how differently the two contemporaries interpreted the philosophical tradition and how this led them to deduce different routes to finding the truth.

The problem of body and soul has a long history that can be traced back to the beginnings of Greek culture. The existential question of what happened to the soul at the moment of death, whether and in what form there is life after death, and of the exact relationship between body and soul was answered in different ways in Greek philosophy, from the early days to Late Antiquity. The contributions in this volume not only do justice to the breadth of the topic, they also cover the entire period from the Pre-Socratics to Late Antiquity. Particular attention is paid to Plato, Aristotle and Hellenistic philosophers, that is the Stoics and the Epicureans.

2 Maccabees is a Jewish work composed during the 2nd century BCE and preserved by the Church. Written in Hellenistic Greek and told from a Jewish-Hellenistic perspective, 2 Maccabees narrates and interprets the ups and downs of events that took place in Jerusalem prior to and during the Maccabean revolt: institutionalized Hellenization and the foundation of Jerusalem as a polis; the persecution of Jews by Antiochus Epiphanes, accompanied by famous martyrdoms; and the rebellion against Seleucid rule by Judas Maccabaeus. 2 Maccabees is an important source both for the events it describes and for the values and interests of the Judaism of the Hellenistic diaspora that it reflects - which are often quite different from those represented by its competitor, 1 Maccabees.