This volume is the third to cover parts of Middlesex which lay from 1889 until 1965 within the county of London. It treats the history of Hackney, the largest parish transferred in 1889, which became a metropolitan borough with over 220,000 inhabitants before giving its name to a Greater London borough. The volume traces the origin of Hackney within the bishop of London's extensive Stepney manor, with medieval settlement round the church and at Dalston by the 13th century, and at Clapton and Homerton by the 14th. Hackney Wick and Shacklewell also had medieval origins. Before 1750 most people lived along Mare Street and its offshoots. London has been decisive, malting Hackney a desirable retreat, healthy but accessible, before turning it into a largely industrial suburb. Aldermen bought property there in the 13th century, as did Bank of England directors in the 18th. Nobles and courtiers abounded in Tudorand early Stuart times, when monarchs visited. Samuel Pepys admired girls at the fashionable schools and Daniel Defoe praised an opulence said in 1756 to sur-pass that of any village in the kingdom. The 18th century brought canals, rail-ways, factories, substantial villas, and jerry-built terraces for workers from the old East End. Britain's first plastics were made at Hackney Wick in the 1860s, and other products became household names. By 1901 south Hackney, with Shoreditch and Bethnal Green, formed the centre of London's clothing and furniture trades. The better off retreated northward. Their houses, if not subdivided, gave place to council estates, often for Londoners and forwhich more room was to be made by bombing. The population has shrunk over seventy years. Since 1945 Much heavy industry has left and immigrants have come mainly from the new Commonwealth, although Jews remain prominent around Stamford Hill. 'Gentrification', delayed by the widespread distribution of council estates and lack of an Underground rail-way, is bringing the refurbishment of older houses, often in the shadow of tower blocks which themselves areunder threat.
E.A. Thompson
Saint Germanus of Auxerre and the End of Roman Britain
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The Life of St Germanus, by Constantius of Lyon, is a contemporary account of a fifth-century bishop of Auxerre, who on two occasions came to Britain. Professor E.A. Thompson tries to extract as much information as possiblefrom the about the religious situation in Britain at the time of Germanus' visits, and the government, the circumstances of the famous `Hallelujah Victory', the revolt of Armorica, and so on. He attempts to settle the vexed question of the date of Germanus' death, and he studies the qualities of Constantius himself. The book ends with a description of what may have happened in eastern Britain in the years following Germanus's second visit, adescription which challenges many currently held assumptions.
D.J. Rowe
The Records of the Company of Shipwrights of Newcastle upon Tyne 1622-1967. Volume II
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See volume 181. Three appendicies and indexes. I. Members of the Shipwrights Company (those who were apprenticed to members of the Shipwrights's company and those who were made free by servitude, patrimony or presentation, compiled from lists of indentures and dates of freedom given either in the registers or account books, II. Officers of the Company, III. Fines.
Maura Hametz
Making Trieste Italian, 1918-1954
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Traces the changing identity and ownership of the important city of Trieste in a turbulent period.
The port of Trieste, standing at a crucial strategic point at the head of the Adriatic, had a turbulent history in the mid-twentieth century. With the disappearance of the Habsburg empire after the First World War, it passed intoItalian hands. During the Second World War, the Nazis reclaimed the city as part of the Reich. In 1945, Trieste slipped through Tito's fingers and was internationalised under Allied military government control, returning to Italian sovereignty in 1954. This book examines Trieste's transformation from an imperial commercial centre at the crossroads of the Italian, German and Balkan worlds to an Italian border city on the southern fringe of the iron curtain. Concentrating on local sources, the book shows how Triestines, renowned for their cosmopolitan Central European affiliations, articulated an Italian civic identity after the First World War, and traces the fitful process ofaffirming Trieste's Italianness over the course of nearly four decades of liberal, Fascist and international rule. It suggests that Italianisation resulted from complicated interactions with Rome and interference by internationalpowers attempting to strengthen western Europe at the edge of the Balkans.
Elma Brenner
Leprosy and Charity in Medieval Rouen
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An investigation into the effects of leprosy in one of the major towns in medieval France, illuminating urban, religious and medical culture at the time.
Between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries, Rouen was one of the greatest cities in Western Europe. The effective capital of the 'Angevin Empire' between 1154 and 1204 and thereafter a leading city in the realm of the Capetian and Valois kings of France, it experienced substantial growth, the emergence of communal government and the ravages of plague and the Hundred Years' War. This book examines the impact of leprosy upon Rouen during this period,and the key role played by charity in the society and religious culture of the city and its hinterland. Based upon extensive archival research, and focusing in particular on Rouen's leper houses, it offers a new understanding ofresponses to disease and disability in medieval Europe. It charts how attitudes towards lepers, and perceptions of their disease, changed over time, explores the relationship between leprosy, charity and practices of piety, and considers how leprosy featured in growing concerns about public health. It also sheds important new light on the roles and experiences of women, as both charitable patrons and leprosy sufferers, and on medical practice and practitioners in medieval France.
Elma Brenner is Specialist in Medieval and Early Modern Medicine at the Wellcome Library, London.
Lisa Jefferson
Wardens' Accounts and Court Minute Books of the Goldsmiths' Mistery of London, 1334-1446
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The two earliest Goldsmiths' record books reveal details of working practices, financial accounts, apprentices, civic events such as pageants, misdeeds broght before the wardens, and much else besides.
The goldsmiths of London had formed an organised guild, or mistery (in the medieval sense of "craft" or "profession") by the twelfth century. Granted their first royal charter in 1327 by Edward III, they are one of the twelve great livery companies, and still oversee the work of goldsmiths, silversmiths and jewellers. Published here for the first time are their two earliest record books, presented in the original languages, French (Anglo-Norman), Englishand Latin, with a facing-page translation into modern English. From these full records valuable and lively detail emerges: the working practices of gold and silversmiths, the financial accounts of the wardens, apprentices admitted, participation in civic events such as pageants, and records of offences (both professional and personal) brought before the disciplinary court. The edition is accompanied by a full introduction, a bibliography, a subject index and a complete name index.
LISA JEFFERSON, MA, D Phil, FSA, is a medievalist who works both in Oxford and in France.
Brenda M. Pask
The Letters of George Davenport, 1651-1677
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Letters written by a clergyman during the late seventeenth century illuminate the religious turmoil of the period.
This book provides an edition of the letters of George Davenport, an Anglican clergyman in the north of England whose adult career covered the period of the Interregnum and the Restoration. Many of the letters are to his former Cambridge tutor, William Sancroft, beginning from 1651 after Sancroft had been expelled from Cambridge, and continuing after the Restoration when Davenport replaced Sancroft as chaplain to John Cosin, bishop of Durham, later becoming Rector of Houghton-le Spring, Durham. They were written to keep Sancroft supplied with information about Durham, where he was a prebendary with license to be non-resident, needing to collect revenues from his living and then torebuild his prebendal house. The earlier letters reveal something about the life of an illegally (since episcopally) ordained young Anglican who, unlike many, did not go into exile but stayed largely in London supported by friends. Davenport eventually became a most conscientious resident parish priest and the letters throw considerable light on the Restoration settlement in the Durham diocese, from the `beautifying' of Houghton church to the catechisingof the people and the collection of tithes from a sometimes tardy flock. Davenport also helped Cosin to Catalogue his famous library and himself gave many manuscripts to it, of which a list is included here as an appendix. The letters are presented here with full introduction and elucidatory notes.
William Greenwell
Bishop Hatfield's Survey, A Record of the Possessions of the See of Durham, Made by Order of Thomas de Hatfield, Bishop of Durham. With an Appendix of Original Documents, and a Glossary.
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Survey made 1377-1380 by Bishop Hatfield (1345-1382). Much more extensive than Boldon Buke. Contains full list of all tenants, with quantity of land they held and enumeration of services belonging to each manor. 'Singularly curious as a repertory of names during the fourteenth century.' Appendices include bailiff's roll of manor of Auckland 1337-8, bailiff's rolls for various episcopal manors, 1349-50, and a general receiver's roll for 1385-6.
J.N. Morris
Religion and Urban Change
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A study of the impact of urbanisation on organised religion in Croydon in the Victorian and Edwardian era.
Drawing upon detailed local sources, Dr Morris's study of the town and suburbs of Croydon concentrates on the impact of urbanisation upon the development of Victorian and Edwardian organised religion. The book addresses in particular the origins and form of what has been described as the decline of organised religion in England, pinpointing the difficulties inherent in previous attempts to account for this phenomenon. In his search for an explanation, Dr Morris argues that it is appropriate to study the local tensions and conflicts which engrossed the attention of the churches in this period, the religious beliefs and activities of the middle classes who composed the broad mass ofchurch membership, and the activities and divisions of the urban elites who were most influential in the churches' management. Finally he examines the role of reformed local government in redefining the sphere within which churchaction was deemed to be effective.
Deirdre Palk
Prisoners' Letters to the Bank of England, 1781 - 1827
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In British gaols and on hulks, awaiting transportation to New South Wales, prisoners convicted of forged paper currency offences wrote to their influential prosecutor, the Bank of England. This volume comprises several hundred ofsuch letters held in the Bank's archives. Many, mainly those wirtten by or for women, came from the depths of abject misery and poverty, begging help to cope with prison conditions and with the journey to Australia. Others offeredinformation to the Bank about forged note traffickers in the hope of gaining some benefit for themselves. The collection reveals an extraordinary story of a surprising relationship between convicted prisoners and a mighty financial institution.
Dorothy Edwards
Northallerton Wills and Inventories, 1666-1719
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Edition of wills and inventories throws new light on early modern economic history.
This collection of 153 wills and inventories provides a vivid insight into the socio-economic life of the small Yorkshire market town of Northallerton during a time of growing prosperity, when its position on the main road to thenorth also enabled it to prosper from wider trading links. Trades and professions represented in the collection include yeomen, merchants, tallow chandlers, weavers, a maltman, innkeepers and a wide range of leather workers; the documents collected here provide a wealth of information regarding their houses and their contents, lifestyles and standards of living in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The volume also contains an extensive glossary of obsolete and dialect terms; a substantial introduction, discussing the history of the town during this period; and comprehensive notes.
Christine M Newman is an Honorary Fellow in the Department of History, Durham University; Dorothy Edwards worked in teacher training at Northampton University, and is a local historian.
Sam Worby
Law and Kinship in Thirteenth-Century England
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First comprehensive survey of how kinship rules were discussed and applied in medieval England.
Two separate legal jurisdictions concerned with family relations held sway in England during the high middle ages: canon law and common law. In thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Europe, kinship rules dominated the lives of laymenand laywomen. They determined whom they might marry (decided in the canon law courts) and they determined from whom they might inherit (decided in the common law courts). This book seeks to uncover the association between the two, exploring the ways in which the two legal systems shared ideas about family relationship, where the one jurisdiction - the common law - was concerned about ties of consanguinity and where the other - canon law - was concerned toadd to the kinship mix of affinity. It also demonstrates how the theories of kinship were practically applied in the courtrooms of medieval England.
Margaret Statham
Accounts of the Feoffees of the Town Lands of Bury St Edmunds, 1569-1622
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In the absence of borough status and after the winding up of the guilds, the townsmen of Bury St Emunds experiment with town government.
In 1569, thirty years after its abbey had been dissolved, the large town of Bury St Edmunds remained unincorporated. These accounts show how the feoffees (still essentially the medieval Candlemas guild) experimented with town government. The pre-Reformation landed endowments were increased throughout the period. This enabled the feoffees to address many aspects of town life. In addition to payments for housing and clothing the poor, and the provision of medical care, they also contributed to the cost of providing clergy (whose theology was akin to their own) for the two town churches. To encourage trade, they built the town's first covered Market Cross, while the acquisition of theShire House enabled the assizes and quarter sessions to move into the town. After the turn of the century, the Charitable Uses Act of 1601 was used to recover land which had long ago been alienated. At the same time some of the up and coming men successfully petitioned for a charter of incorporation for Bury St Edmunds, so that in 1606 the town acquired the borough status which had eluded it for centuries. Unless new sources are discovered, these accounts, though inevitably slanted to the feoffees' activities, are the most revealing source for the work of the new corporation in its early years.
Luke Blaxill
The War of Words
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A radical new approach to the political speeches delivered during this period.
The late nineteenth and early twentieth century have been widely eulogised as a "golden age" of popular platform oratory. This book considers the language of British elections - especially stump speeches - during this period. It employs a "big data" methodology inspired by computational linguistics, using text-mining to analyse over five million words delivered by Conservative, Liberal and Labour candidates in the nine elections that took place in this period. It systematically and authoritatively quantifies how and how far key issues, values, traditions and personalities manifested themselves in wider party discourse. The author reassesses a number of central historical debates, arguing that historians have considerably underestimated the transformative impact of the 1883-5 reforms on rural party language, and the purchase of Joseph Chamberlain's Unauthorized Programme; that the centrality of Home Rule and Imperialism in the late 1880s and 1890s have been exaggerated; and that the New Liberalism's linguistic impact was relatively weak, failing to contain the message of the emerging Labour alternative.
C.J. Kitching
The Royal Visitation of 1559. Act Book for the Northern Province
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Elizabethan survey of the state of religion after Marian reverses in the dioceses of York, Durham, Carlisle and Chester.
Introduction covers Royal Visitations of 1535, 1547 and 1559, with details of visitation procedure for both clergy and laity. Queen Elizabeth required the Visitation of 1559 to check on the damage caused to Protestant reforms under Queen Mary. The Act Book, State Papers 12/10, covers the dioceses of York, Durham, Carlisle and Chester and was originally two volumes. The first is here transcribed in full, the second calendared. Mostly Latin, though the churchwardens' presentments, the text of the recognisances and verbatim reports are in English. Provides detailed information about every aspect of the church in English society at this critical period.
Trevor Cooper
The Journal of William Dowsing
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A full scholarly edition of Dowsing's record of his and his deputies' activities in Suffolk, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk, 1643-4.
During the Civil War, in late 1643 and 1644, the Suffolk puritan William Dowsing visited some hundred parish churches in Cambridgeshire, and about a hundred and fifty in Suffolk, smashing stained glass and other 'superstitious' imagery, ripping up monumental brass inscriptions, destroying altar rails and steps, and pulling down crucifixes and crosses. He dealt equally vigorously with the chapels of the Cambridge colleges, still fresh from their Laudian re-ordering. This modern edition of Dowsing's journal brings together, with commentary, the Cambridgeshire and Suffolk sections of his record of what he destroyed, never previously published together. Dowsing and his character and beliefs are set in context, with coverage of Dowsing and the administration of iconoclasm; the work of Dowsing and his deputies in Cambridgeshire, Norfolk and Suffolk; Dowsing and Cambridge University, and the arguments at PembrokeCollege; evidence of destruction in the other counties of the Eastern Association; the text and history of the journal. Contributors: JOHN BLATCHLY, TREVOR COOPER, JOHN MORRILL, S. SADLER, ROBERT WALKER.
Helena M. Chew
London Assize of Nuisance 1301 - 1431
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Published by Boydell & Brewer Inc.
G.W.S. Barrow
The Charters of David I
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Official documents issued under David I illustrate Scotland's transformation into a feudally-organised kingdom open to English and European influences.
David I was one of the most renowned rulers of western Europe of his time; his reign saw the transformation of Scotland into a feudally-organised kingdom open to a large variety of influences from England and Europe. This edition,the first for over ninety years, brings together all the known surviving official documents (charters, letters, administrative commands and so on) issued in his own name, and those of his only son Henry, effectively joint ruler with his father from c.1135 to his death in 1152. They are edited from the best manuscript sources and are provided with summaries and editorial comment. A detailed introduction analyses the form and content of the material, and the volume is completed with substantial indexes of persons, places, subjects and technical terms. G.W.S BARROWis former Professor of Scottish History at the University of Edinburgh.
David N. Dumville
Wessex and England from Alfred to Edgar
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An important study of the emergence of the kingdom of England in the first half of the 10th century.
This book is concerned with aspects of the revival of English military,ecclesiastical, and intellectual strength in the period from King Alfred's defeat of the Great Danish Army at Edington in 878 to that of the triumph of Benedictinism in the of Edgar, king of England959-975. Studying intellectual developments of the first half of the10th century, Dr Dumville argues that those decades were a period of continuation of the Alfredian renascence and he looks back into that king's troubled but productive reign to discover new aspects of his thinking and to offer some new interpretations of his actions.These were also the years in which the kingdom of England was formed:attention is therefore given to King Æthelstan, its creator. This series of new studies draws on fresh manuscript-evidence as well as reinterpreting texts long known to historians. By bringing together the testimonies of a wide variety of sources, it seeks to provide the basis on which a new history of the period may be written.
DAVID N. DUMVILLE is Reader in the Early Mediaeval History and Culture of the British Isles at the University of Cambridge.
Michelle L. Beer
Queenship at the Renaissance Courts of Britain
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A study of the performance of queenship by two Tudor monarchs, showing the strategies they used to assert their power.
Catherine of Aragon (r.1509-33) and her sister-in-law Margaret Tudor (r.1503-13) presided as queens over the glittering sixteenth-century courts of England and Scotland, alongside their husbands Henry VIII of England and James IV of Scotland. Although we know a great deal about these two formidable sixteenth-century kings, we understand very little about how their two queens contributed to their reigns. How did these young, foreign women become effective and trusted consorts, and powerful political figures in their own right? This book argues that Catherine and Margaret's performance of queenship combined medieval queenly virtues with the new opportunities for influence and power offered by Renaissance court culture. Royal rituals such as childbirth and the Royal Maundy, courtly spectacles such as tournaments, banquets and diplomatic summits, or practices such as arranged marriages and gift-giving, were all moments when Catherine and Margaret could assert their honour, status and identity as queens. Their husbands' support for their activities at court helped bring them the influence and patronage necessary to pursue their own political goals and obtain favour and rewards for their servants and followers. Situating Catherine and Margaret's careers within the history of the royal courts of England and Scotland and amongst their queenly peers, this book reveals these two queens as intimately connected agents of political influence and dynastic power.
MICHELLE BEER is an independent researcher working in Oakland, California.
R.B. Dobson
York City Chamberlain's Account Rolls 1396-1500
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Sixteen Latin accounts, including two concerning litigation with the abbot and convent of St Mary's on the vexed issue of the many fishgarths which were obstructing river traffic on the Ouse. Detailed introduction and full list of the relevant Mayors and Chamberlains.
R. Allen Brown
Anglo-Norman Studies IX
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Aquitainian Participation in the Conquest; Stereotype Normans in Vernacular Literature; Byzantine Marginalia to the Norman Conquest; Norman Architectural Patronage; Domesday Book and the Teneurial Revolution; Henry of Huntingdonand Historia Anglorum; Domesday Inquest and Land Adjudication; Abbey of Cava; Post-Conquest Attitudes to the Saints of the Anglo-Saxons; Danish Geometrical Viking Fortresses; Holy Face of Lucca. G. BEECH, M. BENNETT, K.CIGGAAR, E. FERNIE, R. FLEMING, D. GREENWAY, P. HYAMS, G.A. LOUD, S.J. RIDYARD, E. ROESDAHL, D. WEBB.34 plates, figs.
K S B Keats-Rohan
Family Trees and the Roots of Politics
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Articles on the significance of genealogy and kinship ties in determining political events in the middle ages.
In recent decades historians have become increasingly aware of the value of prosopography as an auxiliary science standing at the crossroads between anthropology, genealogy, demography and social history. It is now developing as an independent research discipline of real benefit to medievalists. The geographically and chronologically wide-ranging subjects of the essays in this collection, by scholars from the British Isles and the Continent, are united bya common theme, namely the significance of genealogy and kinship ties in determining political events in the middle ages. The papers, including a review of the history of prosopography and some of its major successes as a method by Karl Ferdinand Werner, range from general considerations of prosopographical and genealogical methodology (including discussion of Anglo-Norman royal charters) to specific analyses of individual political and kinship groups (including the genealogy of the counts of Anjou and a rehabilitation of the prosopographical material in Wace's Roman de Rou). The main geographic focus is England and France from the tenth to the twelfth centuries, but other areas as diverse as Celtic Ireland and the Latin Principality of Antioch also come under prosopographical scrutiny.
Contributors: DAVID E. THORNTON, ANNE WILLIAMS, C.P. LEWIS, DAVID BATES, ELISABETH VAN HOUTS, EMMA COWNIE, JUDITH GREEN, JOHN S. MOORE, K.S.B. KEATS-ROHAN, CHRISTIAN SETTIPANI, HUBERT GUILLOTEL, KATHLEEN THOMPSON, VERONIQUE GAZEAU, MICHEL BUR, ALAN V. MURRAY, DANIEL POWER.
Robert B. Patterson
The Scriptorium of Margam Abbey and the Scribes of Early Angevin Glamorgan
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Evidence for the way in which a great barony organised and executed its affairs; the plates illustrate the evolution of secretarial hands in the twelfth/thirteenth century.
Margam Abbey was founded by the lord of Glamorgan, Earl Robert of Gloucester, in 1147. Its scriptorium was concerned not only with the usual business of a monastic house, but also provided staff for the central administration of the Gloucester earldom in the twelfth century and served as the earldom's writing-office for Glamorgan in the early thirteenth. Professor Patterson traces the organization and development of Margam's secretarial administration andanalyses the nature of other similar institutions in this Marcher lordship during Margam's first eighty years. This overall picture is made possible by his identification, dating, and bureaucratic attribution of over fifty scribalhands found in the Margam manuscripts of the National Library of Wales and the charter collections of the British Library and Hereford Cathedral Library. The hands are fully described and illustrated by plates, and they show in detail the evolution of secretarial hands in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. No similar survey exists, and this one will be welcomed not only by those working with such documents, as also by students of medieval history in avariety of fields.
ROBERT B. PATTERSON is Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Department of History, University of South Carolina.
Anne Allsopp
How Bedfordshire Voted, 1685-1735: The Evidence of Local Poll Books
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The third volume in BHRS's series of poll books and covers the years from the fall of Walpole to the rise of William Pitt the younger.
This is the first volume of BHRS's series of late seventeenth and early eighteenth century poll books. Poll books tell the story of local people and their link with national history. This book is the first in a series by BHRS containing transcripts of the poll books for the county and borough seats of Bedford, and also includes some election accounts showing candidates' expenditure. The introductory commentary gives an insight into political influences in Bedfordshire during the seminal period of English history from the Glorious Revolution to the accession of George I. It enables comparisons and political trends to be detected, including allegiances of regions of the county and parishes, the survival of the Tory party, the political allegiance of Anglican clergy and the role of Protestant nonconformists. Major landowners were important in Bedfordshire politics, but not dominant, and local gentry played a crucial role. The transcriptions list all those who voted in four county and one borough election. The 8,500 names, fully indexed, will give unparalleled information on local landholding and help family historians find ancestors between the 1671 Hearth Tax and the 1841 Census.
Keith Terrance Surridge
Managing the South African War, 1899-1902
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This case study of the power struggle between politicians and generals for control of the strategic management of the South African War illuminates Victorian and Edwardian civil-military relations.
Of all the wars fought by Britain between 1815 and 1914, the South African War (1899-1902) was the most extensive and costly. A few thousand Boer farmers defied the British army for nearly three years and were only defeated following the devastation of much of South Africa. Consequently, the war shattered many illusions about the effectiveness of British imperial power. This book is the first comprehensive survey of the disputes which arose between the British government and Sir Alfred Milner, the High Commissioner for South Africa, and three of the era's most famous soldiers, Lords Wolseley, Roberts, and Kitchener, which centred on whether the politicians or generals should control the strategic management of the war; it argues that the army eventually gained control of the war, with Kitchener in particular determining both its strategy and its settlement.
KEITH TERRANCE SURRIDGE teaches at theUniversity of Notre Dame, London Programme.
M.C. Forster
Selections from The Disbursements Book (1691-1709) of Sir Thomas Haggerston, Bart.
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Accounts of Catholic country gentleman's household, detailing costs of food, clothing, domestic and estate items, wages, gifts and allowances etc. Provides insight into the functioning of a family and estate in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, and the state of the local economy. Household accounts: Social and economic history, 17-18c.
Robert B Patterson
The Haskins Society Journal 6
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New research on aspects of the political, social and religious history of the British Isles from 10c-13c, with related material on western Europe.
The 1993 International Conference of the Haskins Society, held at the University of Houston, produced a varied collection of papers on numerous aspects of the medieval history of the British Isles, with related material on other Western European countries. The articles in this volume, most of which derive from the conference, focus strongly on the topic of religion, with stimulating essays on women religious, Archbishop Lanfranc and the Anglo-Saxon hagiographic tradition; however, other subjects are also explored, including Anglo-Norman litigation and the turbulent state of Denmark in the ninth century. Contributors: CARY L. DIER, SUSAN J. RIDYARD, K.L. MAUND, EDWARD J. SCHOENFELD, ROBIN FLEMING, BERNARD S. BACHRACH, PATRICIA HALPIN, EMILY ALBU HANAWALT, DANIEL F. CALLAHAN, H.E.J. COWDREY, DAVID ROFFE
Matthew Shaw
Time and the French Revolution
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A history of the innovation and effects of the French Republican Calendar.
The French Republican Calendar was perhaps the boldest of all the reforms undertaken in Revolutionary France. Introduced in 1793 and used until 1806, the Calendar not only reformed the weeks and months of the year, but decimalisedthe hours of the day and dated the year from the beginning of the French Republic. This book not only provides a history of the calendar, but places it in the context of eighteenth-century time-consciousness, arguing that the French were adept at working within several systems of time-keeping, whether that of the Church, civil society, or the rhythms of the seasons. Developments in time-keeping technology and changes in working patterns challenged early-modern temporalities, and the new calendar can also be viewed as a step on the path toward a more modern conception of time. In this context, the creation of the calendar is viewed not just as an aspect of the broader republican programme of social, political and cultural reform, but as a reflection of a broader interest in time and the culmination of several generations' concern with how society should be policed.
Matthew Shaw is a curatorat the British Library, London.
Michael Lapidge
Gildas
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Gildas's 'De Excidio Britanniae' is the prime source of our knowledge of post-Roman Britain, but because it is such an isolated text, for which we have no obvious historical, geographical or cultural background, it is a work whichraises more questions than answers. Much effort has been expended on extracting historical facts from 'De excidio', but Gildas did not set out to write history as we understand it. The common approach of the contributors to thisvolume is to look at tha author and his text on their own terms, for themselves rather than for the items of evidence which we can get out of them. Who was Gildas, and what was his position in society? What was his intellectual background - what he had learnt of Latin and Christian culture through his education, and what did he know of British language and literary traditions? What audience was he adressing? All these questions can be given some kind of answer by a close study of the text of the 'De excidio'. But there is also important evidence from Continental sources on early fifth-centyry Britain, and from Irish sources on Gildas's own repuation and career. This is a volume which no student of post-Roman Britain can afford to ignore; it does not attempt to present clear-cut conclusions or optimistic certainties, but establishes a basis on which further research can be carried out.
Amanda Flather
Gender and Space in Early Modern England
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A nuanced re-evaluation of the ways in which gender affected the use of physical space in early modern England.
Space was not simply a passive backdrop to a social system that had structural origins elsewhere; it was vitally important for marking out and maintaining the hierarchy that sustained social and gender order in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England. Gender had a considerable influence on its use and organization; status and gender were displayed physically and spatially every moment of the day, from a person's place at table to the bed on which he orshe slept, in places of work and recreation, in dress, gesture and modes of address.
Space was also the basis for the formation of gender identities which were constantly contested and restructured, as this book shows.Examining in turn domestic, social and sacred spaces and the spatial division of labour in gender construction, the author demonstrates how these could shift, and with them the position and power of women. She shows that the ideological assumption that all women are subject to all men is flawed, and exposes the limitations of interpretations which rely on the model and binary opposition of public/private, male/female, to describe gender relations and theirchanges across the period, thus offering a much more complex and picture than has hitherto been perceived. The book will be essential reading not just for historians of the family and of women, but for all those studying early modern social history.
AMANDA FLATHER is a lecturer in the Department of History at the University of Essex.
Rory McEntegart
Henry VIII, the League of Schmalkalden, and the English Reformation
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England's first Protestant foreign policy initiative, an alliance with German Protestants, is shown to have been a significant influence on the Henrician Reformation.
England's first Protestant foreign policy venture took place under Henry VIII, who in the wake of the break with Rome pursued diplomatic contacts with the League of Schmalkalden, the German Protestant alliance. This venture was supported by evangelically-inclined counsellors such as Thomas Cromwell and Thomas Cranmer, while religiously conservative figures such as Cuthbert Tunstall, John Stokesley and Stephen Gardiner sought to limit such contacts. The king's own involvement reflected these opposed reactions: he was interested in the Germans as alliance partners and as a consultative source in establishing the theology of his own Church, but at the same time he was reluctant to accept all the religious innovations proposed by the Germans and their English advocates. This study breaks new ground in presenting religious ideology, rather than secular diplomacy, as the motivation behind Anglo-Schmalkaldicnegotiations. Relations between England and the League exerted a considerable influence on the development of the king's theology in the second half of the reign, and hence affected the redirection of religious policy in 1538, thepassing of the Act of Six Articles, the marriage of Henry to Anne of Cleves and the fall of Thomas Cromwell. The examination of the development of Henry's religious thinking is set in the wider context of the foreign policy imperatives of the German Protestants, the ministerial priorities of Thomas Cromwell and factional politics at the court of Henry VIII.
RORY McENTEGART is Academic Director of American College Dublin.
Kathleen Thompson
Power and Border Lordship in Medieval France
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The emergence of the northern French county of the Perche, and the rise of the Rotrou family from obscure origins to princely power, 11-13c.
This is the first modern account of the emergence of the northern French county of the Perche, and the rise of a relatively minor noble family from obscure origins to princely power. The Rotrou family ruled the Perche from aroundthe year 1000 until 1226. They took part in many of the most famous military engagements of the middle ages, from the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 to the recovery of territory from the Muslims in twelfth-century Spain. Theirinvolvement in crusading initiatives was told in the popular poetry of the day, and they came to number the kings of France, England, Aragon and Sicily, as well as the Holy Roman Emperor, among their kinsmen. This narrativeexplains the family's transformation and consolidation of its position in the context of a vibrant and expanding society in the years after 1000, looking at their territorial ambitions, construction of a feudal clientele and operation of lordship through female family.
Dr KATHLEEN THOMPSON is Honorary Research Fellow, University of Sheffield.
C P Lewis
The Haskins Society Journal 7
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New research on political, social, legal and religious history of England and neighbours, 7c-13c
The essays in this volume derive in the main, though not exclusively, from the 13th annual conference held in Houston in November 1994. Written by an international group of scholars, they centre on the history of England and its neighbours during the Anglo-Saxon, Viking, Anglo-Norman and Angevin periods. Of particular interest is a wide-ranging and well-illustrated article on medieval bridges; other topics include the Anglo-Norman patrons of Bury St Edmunds, Anglo-Welsh relations before 1066, the legal status of the Britons in seventh-century Wessex, and the Hundred Rolls. There is also a particular focus on the roles played by women, with articles on Henry I's queen Adeliza of Louvain, and the Anglo-Norman countesses of Chester.
Contributors: EMMA COWNIE, NICHOLAS BROOKS, LOUIS M. ALEXANDER, JOHN R.E. BLIESE, FREDERICK C. SUPPE, W. SCOTT JESSEE, H.B. TEUNIS, JULIE POTTER, LAURA WERTHEIMER, SUSANJOHNS, R.H. HELMHOLZ, S.F.C. MILSOM, DAVID ROFFE
Michael Gladwin
Anglican Clergy in Australia, 1788-1850
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First full-length exploration of the role of the Anglican church in the development of colonial Australia.
Anglican clergymen in Britain's Australian colonies in their earliest years faced very particular challenges. Lacking relevant training, experience or pastoral theology, these pioneer religious professionals not only ministered toa convict population unique in the empire, but had also to engage with indigenous peoples and a free-settler population struggling with an often inhospitable environment. This was in the context of a settler empire that was beingreshaped by mass migration, rapid expansion and a widespread decline in the political authority of religion and the confessional state, especially after the American Revolution. Previous accounts have caricatured such clerics as lackeys of the imperial authorities: "moral policemen", "flogging parsons". Yet, while the clergy did make important contributions to colonial and imperial projects, this book offers a more wide-ranging picture. It reveals them at times vigorously asserting their independence in relation both to their religious duties and to humanitarian concern, and shows them playing an important part in the new colonies' social and economic development, making a vital contribution to the emergence of civil society and intellectual and cultural institutions and traditions within Australia. It is only possible to understand the distinctive role that the clergy played in the light of their social origins, intellectual formation and professional networks in an expanding British World, a subject explored systematically here for the first time.
Michael Gladwin is Lecturer in History at St Mark's National Theological Centre, Charles Sturt University, Canberra.
Gordon Pentland
Radicalism, Reform and National Identity in Scotland, 1820-1833
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The history of the Reform Acts viewed from a Scottish angle, bringing out its implications for relations with England.
Pentland's work promises to fill a major hole in Scottish historical writing, and to do so in an exciting and innovative way.' COLIN KIDD
Civil War, Interregnum and Restoration in Gloucestershire, 1640-1672
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A detailed study of kinship and social and educational ties in Gloucestershire between 1640 and 1672.
Recent studies of particular areas during the Civil War have shown how kinship and social and educational ties, far from reinforcing county isolationism, frequently drew inhabitants into a far wider network and divided existing loyalties. Following this approach, Dr Warmington's examination of the history of Gloucestershire during the period begins with the descent into war between 1640 and 1642, showing how the two sides formed and why the Parliamentarians had the more durable war machine. He goes on to consider the anarchic situation between 1645 and 1649 and the series of new experiments in government which followed until 1660, undertaken by an almost entirely new governing group of minor gentlemen, elevated through military service to the regime and by religious affiliations. The attempted rebellion of 1659 is examined in detail, and the book concludes with a look at the Restoration of the Stuart dynasty, the Anglican Church, and the sons of the pre-war county ruling elite, exploring how the new regime compared with its Cromwellian predecessors. ANDREW WARMINGTONwas formerly senior research assistant in history at theUniversity of Durham, following a First Class degree from York and a D.Phil. from St Peter's College, Oxford. He is now a freelance research analyst.
Ian Howard
Swein Forkbeard's Invasions and the Danish Conquest of England, 991-1017
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New insight gained into this exciting period of English history through focusing on the activities of Swein Forkbeard and, after his death in 1014, the Danish warlord Thorkell the Tall.
From the battle of Maldon in 991 during the reign of Æethelred (the Unready), England was invaded by Scandinavian armies of increasing size and ferocity. Swein Forkbeard, king of Denmark, played a significant part in these invasions, which culminated in the domination of England and the long reign of his son, Cnut. This analysis of the invasions demonstrates beyond doubt that Æthelred was no indolent and worthless king who bribed invading Vikings to goaway: his relationship with the Scandinavian armies was more complex and more interesting than has been supposed. It is equally apparent that Swein was more than a marauding Viking adventurer: he was a sophisticated politician who laid the foundations for a great northern empire which was ruled by his descendents for many years after his death. New insight into this exciting period of English history is gained by focusing on the activities of Swein Forkbeard and, after his death in 1014, the Danish warlord Thorkell the Tall, both outstanding warriors and political leaders of what is sometimes called 'the Second Viking Age'. Many factors leading to the invasions and conquest are investigated through a critical analysis of the chronology of events, an explanation of the economic background, plotting the itineraries of the Scandinavian armies, and a fresh examination ofthe sources, including the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Encomium, and John of Worcester's Chronicle. IAN HOWARD has a PhD from Manchester University and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. After a career in industry and commerce, he has returned to full-time research and has produced several papers covering a variety of aspects of early medieval history.
Anna Groundwater
The Scottish Middle March, 1573-1625
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A new investigation of James I and VI's policy in the troubled Border region between England and Scotland.
The Scottish Borders experienced dramatic change on James VI's succession to the throne of England: where characteristically hostile Anglo-Scottish relations had encouraged cross-border raiding, James was to prosecute a newly consistent pacification of crime in the region. This volume explores his actions in the Middle March, the shires of Roxburgh, Peebles and Selkirk, by examining governmental processes and structures of power there both before and afterUnion. It suggests that James utilised existing networks of authority, with the help of a largely co-operative Borders elite that remained in place after 1603; kinship and alliance helped to form these networks, and government isshown to have used their associated obligations. The book thus overturns the traditional view of a semi-anarchic region beyond the control of government in Edinburgh. Building on this account of the transformation wrought byUnion, the volume also places the Middle March in the context of Scottish state formation and the intensification of administrative activity and political control, particularly within James' determined efforts to suppress feuding. It therefore tests wider claims made by historians about the changing nature of governance and judicial processes in early modern Scotland as a whole, and within a nascent "Great Britain".
Anna Groundwater lectures inBritish and Scottish History at the University of Edinburgh.
Anthony Musson
Expectations of the Law in the Middle Ages
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The first systematic examination of the expectations people had of the law in the middle ages.
This book represents the first systematic examination of the expectations people had of the law in the Middle Ages. Up until now historians have used medieval legal records to demonstrate the operation of legal rules, the functioning of legal institutions and the development of the legal profession, but they have rarely considered the attitudes that arose as a result of the processes of law. The papers in this volume investigate the way expectations of the law were generated, captured, revealed or replayed for posterity in medieval Europe in jurisprudential reasoning, the activity of charter writing, the framing of definitions of "liberty", the concern for historical justifications, and the phraseology of various forms of legislation and chancery bills. Attitudes and perceptions are also considered with regard to the active role played by rulers of European states in law-giving and in the organisation of legal institutions. Contextualising some of the developments in medieval law, this volume not only enables generalisations to be made about expectations of the law, but also highlights the existence of national and supra-national similarities as well as differences arising in medieval Europe.
Contributors: RICHARD W. KAEUPER, D. HEIRBAUT, M. KORPIOLA, JUDITH EVERARD, CYNTHIA J. NEVILLE, JULIA C. CRICK, H. SUMMERSON, G. SEABOURNE, G. DODD, T. HASKETT, ANTHONY MUSSON, C. STEBBINGS, P. TUCKER
Constance M. Fraser
The Northumberland Eyre Roll for 1293
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First full edition of a crucial source for knowledge of the period.
The eyre roll is a major source of information about medieval life, ranging from local courts and land tenure through town customs and the status of women to general neighbourliness. This is especially important for Northumberland, where constant border raiding was detrimental to the accumulation of local records. The survival of the Northumberland Eyre Roll for 1293, recording over eleven hundred law suits, provides a rare glimpse of the county (togetherwith information on Lancashire, Westmorland and Cumberland) on the eve of the outbreak of the Anglo-Scottish wars; as only brief extracts from the roll have been published previously, this full edition will be warmly welcomed. Thetext is accompanied by notes and a subject index providing a full guide to topics of special interest. CONSTANCE FRASER is a retired lecturer.
Joyce W. Percy
York Memorandum Book. Volume III
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Originally known as B/Y, now classified as E20A. Contains ordinances of the city's craft guilds, descriptions of the city boundaries, amounts collected from parishes towards the Fifteenth and Tenth, deeds, leases of city propertyand many other items relating to civic administration and the trade and life of York from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries. Deeds are calendared and all other Latin entries are translated. Entries in English are transcribed literally. See also volumes 120, 125. Civic admin, life and trade of York.
Jennifer Evans
Aphrodisiacs, Fertility and Medicine in Early Modern England
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An investigation into aphrodisiacs challenges pre-conceived ideas about sexuality during this period.
It was common knowledge in early modern England that sexual desire was malleable, and could be increased or decreased by a range of foods - including artichokes, oysters and parsnips. This book argues that these aphrodisiacs wereused not simply for sexual pleasure, but, more importantly, to enhance fertility and reproductive success; and that at that time sexual desire and pleasure were felt to be far more intimately connected to conception and fertilitythan is the case today. It draws on a range of sources to show how, from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, aphrodisiacs were recommended for the treatment of infertility, and how men and women utilised them to regulate their fertility. Via themes such as gender, witchcraft and domestic medical practice, it shows that aphrodisiacs were more than just sexual curiosities - they were medicines which operated in a number of different ways unfamiliar now, and their use illuminates popular understandings of sex and reproduction in this period.
Dr Jennifer Evans is a Lecturer in Early Modern History at the University of Hertfordshire.
Jane Platt
The Diocese of Carlisle, 1814-1855
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The notebooks of bishops of Carlisle reveal a wealth of detail concerning clerical life at the time.
The volume presents three nineteenth-century manuscripts originally created for the use of bishops of Carlisle: Walter Fletcher's "Diocesan Book", written between 1814 and 1845, and Bishop Hugh Percy's two parish notebooks, compiled between 1828 and 1855. Based on visitations, and on articles of enquiry now lost, they add to a growing body of knowledge relating to the condition of the Church in the first half of the nineteenth century, providing a unique record of livings in the Carlisle diocese prior to its expansion in 1856. In particular, they illuminate the concerns of two significant clerical figures. In 1814 the newly installed chancellor, Walter Fletcher, set about recordinghis primary visitation, updating his notes frequently until the year before his death in 1846. In 1828 the newly consecrated bishop, Hugh Percy, created his own diocesan record, utilising Fletcher's material while adding matter of his own. The popularity of Anglican ritualism since the advent of Tractarianism has made it commonplace for the Georgian Church to be viewed with a certain amount of disdain. The notebooks allow us a more objective view ofthe period. Fletcher's notes on the 130 churches he visited are particularly valuable in presenting a diligent, hard-working clergyman, loyal to the Tory high-church traditions into which he had been born, with a vision for the diocese which, above all, was one of orderliness and obedience to canon law. The documents are presented here with introduction and notes. Dr Jane Platt is an honorary researcher in history at Lancaster University.
Shulamith Shahar, Yael Lotan
Women in a Medieval Heretical Sect
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Women Waldensians have been almost written out of studies of the heretical sect, but are here shown to have played a full role within it, regardless of gender.
Agnes and Huguette were two Waldensian women who were interrogated by the inquisitional court of Pamiers, in southern France, in 1319 and subsequently burnt at the stake for their heretical beliefs. Shahar uses the records of their inquisition as a basis for an examination of the Waldensian sect's attitude towards its women members, and their role within the sect, comparing their lives with women in the Catholic church and in other sects. She finds that ina persecuted voluntary group such as the Waldensians, gender was largely immaterial, subordinate to the fervent religious commitment of the members; nor did the court of inquisition distinguish between male and female, subjectingheretics of either sex to the same horrible punishment. This is the first book-length treatment of women Waldensians, who have been almost written out of studies of the sect, but are here shown to have played a full role within it. It throws light on women and gender in medieval society as well as on one of the main heretical movements in France in the early fourteenth century.
SHULAMITH SHAHAR is Professor Emeritus of Medieval History, TelAviv University.
Patrick Collinson, John Craig, Brett Usher
Conferences and Combination Lectures in the Elizabethan Church: Dedham and Bury St Edmunds, 1582-1590
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Insight into the minds and methods of 'godly' ministers - early nonconformists - who sought to modify the Elizabethan settlement of religion.
At the heart of Elizabeth I's reign, a secret conference of clergymen met in and around Dedham, Essex, on a monthly basis in order to discuss matters of local and national interest. Their collected papers, a unique survival from the clandestine world of early English nonconformity, are here printed in full for the first time, together with a hitherto unpublished narrative by the Suffolk minister, Thomas Rogers, which throws a flood of light on similar, ifmore public, clerical activity in and around Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, during the same period. Taken together, the two texts provide an unrivalled insight into the minds and the methods of that network of 'godly' ministers whose professed aim was to modify the strict provisions of the Elizabethan settlement of religion, both by ceaseless lobbying and by practical example. The editors' introduction accordingly emphasizes the complex nature of the English protestant tradition between the Tudor mid-century and the accession of James I, as well as attempting to plot the politico-ecclesiastical developments of the 1580s in some detail. A comprehensive biographical register of the members of the Dedham conference, of the Bury St Edmunds lecturers, and of many other important names mentioned in the texts, completes the volume. PATRICK COLLINSON is Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Cambridge;JOHN CRAIG is associate professor at Simon Fraser University; BRETT USHER is an expert on Elizabethan clergy.
David Crook
Curia Regis Rolls preserved in the Public Record Office XIX [33-34 Henry III] (1249-1250)
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Transcripts of 13c plea rolls, vital legal, social and economic detail of the time, presented with index and critical introduction.
This volume prints the full Latin text of the six large and well-preserved rolls of the Common Bench of Henry III for its sittings at Westminster in Michaelmas term 1249 and Hilary and Easter terms 1250. These were the first sittings of the court after the eyre circuits held between 1247 and 1249. Three of the rolls were made for the great justice Roger of Thirkleby. Also included are the cases found in the recently-identified fragments of the single surviving roll created in the Court Coram Rege, or King's Bench, during that period, for Michaelmas term 1249. The introduction records the composition of the two courts and the movements of the king and the justices during the periodcovered by the rolls. The entries themselves include the usual fascinating information about people and places, and deal with a wide variety of subjects.
Donald Burrows
Bedford's Musical Society
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The Bedford (Amateur) Musical Society, now Bedford Choral Society, was formed in 1867.
The Bedford (Amateur) Musical Society, now Bedford Choral Society, was formed in 1867. Its beginnings were not auspicious - an article in a local newspaper reported that 'no one felt very sanguine about the success of the proposed Society ... the idea being that musical people were a quarrelsome lot and could not hold together for any length of time.' Despite this, the Society has had a long and almost continuous history and is still thriving today. This volume records the characters who shaped the Society through the years, the varied musical programmes and the links with well-known performers and musicians. It includes the BBC Music Department's move to Bedford early in the Second World War and its support for the Society as it re-established itself. The volume has an introduction by Donald Burrows, Professor of Music at the Open University who provides an historical setting for the development of the Society within the context of national musical developments.
Dorothy Jamieson
Willington and the Mowbrays
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Drawing on documentary evidence dating between 1382 and 1522, this volume examines a single manor parish that was dominated by the powerful Mowbray family, the Dukes of Norfolk, and by Katherine Neville, widow of the second Duke,as part of her dower 1432-c.1482.
Drawing on documentary evidence dating between 1382 and 1522, this volume examines a single manor parish that was dominated by the powerful Mowbray family, the Dukes of Norfolk, and by Katherine Neville, widow of the second Duke,as part of her dower 1432-c.1482. Numerous documents relating to the manor are extant including 101 manor court rolls, bailiffs' accounts and receiver's accounts; taken together they provide an insight into local administration and justice in a rural settlement on the south bank of the River Great Ouse, east of Bedford. The Newnham Priory terrier, a transcription of which is included in this book, gives details of the prior's holdings in the manor in 1507. Although the prior held substantial lands in Willington, it seems that life in the manor was less influenced by the church in the years after the Peasants' Revolt than by members of local families, such as the Gostwyks, who would later go on to undertake roles of national importance. Although the structure and language of the manorial records suggests continuity and a hierarchical system of control, the history of Willington reveals how tenants took opportunities to better themselves and their families while the lords of the manor sought to maintain the value of their property and income. This was a difficult task due to long-standing issues with declining rental values and ruined buildings. While there is evidence for crime and disorder, the manor emerges as a relatively stable community where the custom of the manor prevailed, and the local bailiff, almost always a resident, was a pivotalfigure.
DOROTHY JAMIESON has an M.A. in English Local History from the University of Leicester. She translated the Willington Manor Court Rolls, 1394-1674, about one hundred of which can be found on the Bedfordshire Archives web-site. Her most recent project has been the transcription, translation and analysis of the Wroxhill Custumal of 1253, which has been completed with the assistance of Dr Kathryn Faulkner of Bedfordshire Archives.
Xabier Lamikiz
Trade and Trust in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World
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Shows how merchants sought to minimise losses by forging strong bonds of interpersonal trust amongst a range of employees, partners, and clients.
Fruitfully combining approaches from economic history and the cultural history of commerce, this book examines the role of interpersonal trust in underpinning trade, amid the challenges and uncertainties of the eighteenth-centuryAtlantic. It focuses on the nature of mercantile activity in two parts of Spain: Cadiz in the south, and its trade with Spain's American empire; and Bilbao in the north, and its trade with western and northern Europe. In particular, it explores the processes of trade, trading networks and communications, seeking to understand merchant behaviour, especially the choices made by individuals when conducting business - and specifically with whom they chose to deal. Drawing from a broad range of Spanish, Peruvian and British archival sources, the book reveals merchants' experiences of trusting their agents and correspondents, and shows how different factors, from distance to legalframeworks and ethnicity, affected their ability to rely on their contacts.
Xabier Lamikiz is Associate Professor of Economic History at the University of the Basque Country. .
R.L. Storey
The Register of Thomas Langley, Bishop of Durham 1406-1437, Volume VI
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Entries for 1427-1435, from folios 294v-304v of the register of Bishop Langley's vicars-general. Substantial index of persons, places and subjects for all volumes of the register. See volumes 164, 166, 169, 170, 177.
Christopher Harper-Bill
The Ideals and Practice of Medieval Knighthood, volume III
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Reviewing the first volume in this series, Christopher Allmand, writing in English Historical Review, said: `Once again, a volume of papers published by the Boydell Press has made a useful interdisciplinary contribution toan important and difficult subject. Historians may read this book with profit.' But not only historians, for the contributions to these volumes are wide-ranging, and cover all aspects of culture in the middle ages, with a strong emphasis on continental literature.
Chris R. Chris R. Kyle
Parliament at Work
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The political, social and economic changes which overtook England in the early seventeenth century forced Parliament to adapt from a medieval institution into one with authority over all facets of society; studies focus on particular cases.
The political, social and economic changes which overtook England in the early seventeenth century were both powerful and dramatic, forcing Parliament to adapt from a medieval institution into one with authority over all facets ofsociety. Dynastic change, union with Scotland, fiscal reform, civil war, revolution and Restoration required Parliament not only to be at work, but also to discover how to work. These studies focus on change and development in three areas: firstly, the institution of Parliament itself, exploring its growing institutional sophistication and the problems connected with attendance, workload and physical environment; secondly, on Parliament's role within theinstitutional set-up of the constitution, and the structure and relationships of power within the governance of the country; and thirdly, on the public perception of Parliament, and the practicalities of the relationship between Parliament and the wider world.
Contributors: JOHN ADAMSON, ROBERT ARMSTRONG, DAVID DEAN, MICHAEL GRAVES, PAUL M. HUNNYBALL, SEAN KELSEY, CHRISTOPHER KYLE, JASON PEACEY, PAUL SEAWARD.
Robert B. Patterson
The Haskins Society Journal 5
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Studies in medieval history including papers on King Stephen, 12c crusaders and a portrait of a medieval anti-semite.
The Haskins Society 11th International Conference, University of Houston 1992 produced a varied collection of papers including Domesday Jurors, presenting new evidence on landownership in 1086; an essay reassessing the impact of the early explorers arguing that Columbus and Vasco de Gama were simply a phase in a history of European expansion; and an unusual paper on the twelfth-century biography of William Marshal (d. 1219) asking what it reveals about the context of its composition.
Contributors: HUGH THOMAS, C.P. LEWIS, J.R.S.PHILLIPS, GEORGE BEECH, C. WARREN HOLLISTER, ROBERT HELMERICHS, THOMAS KEEFE, DAVID CROUCH.
Joseph M. Fewster
The Keelmen of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1638-1852
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Edition, with full notes and introduction, of documents fundamental for our understanding of a major group of workers.
"There is in Newcastle upon Tyne of keelmen, watermen, and other labourers, above 1800 able men, the most of them being Scottish men and Borderers which came out of the Tynedale and Reddesdale." Thus begins a report of 1638 lamenting yet another "strike", which opens this volume. For hundreds of years, the coal of the north-east of England was transported down the River Tyne by keels - shallow-drafted barges, with a large sail, and a single giant oar. The work of manning such vessels from the point at which coal reached the river, to where the crew of the keel loaded it into sea-going ships bound for the east coast, for London, and further afield, was hazardous, unpleasant, very physically demanding, yet poorly rewarded. The struggles of the keelmen to improve their lot, retain their livelihoods, and maintain themselves and their families in sickness and old age gained them a reputation as unruly, even dangerous. Yet they also demonstrated a close working solidarity years before trade unionism was established, as well as providing independent charitable support for themselves.
This volume brings together much varied primary source material relating to the keelmen from many local and national archives. Letters from the city of Newcastle's local authorities to Cabinet Ministers from Robert Harley, through the duke of Newcastle, to Robert Peel, complaining of the keelmen's behaviour, and demanding government support in dealing with them, are a constant theme. But the keelmen also had their supporters, including the writer Daniel Defoe. Covering over 200 years of keelmen's activity, the volume covers strikes, riots, prosecutions (of rioting keelmen but also those who proclaimed "Bonnie" Prince Charles king of England in 1750), impressment by the Navy - keelmen were in high demand - and the efforts to establish charitable foundations for the men and their families, concluding with the decay of their "hospital" in 1852. A full introduction to the volume sets all these documents in the context of their times.
Ludo J.R. Milis, Tanis Guest
The Pagan Middle Ages
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Evidence for the survival of paganism in the medieval world.
No single recent enterprise has done more to enlarge and deepen our understanding of one of the most critical periods in English history. ANTIQUARIES JOURNAL
Anglo-Norman Studies, published annually and containing the papers presented at the Battle conference, is established as the single most important publication in the field, covering not only matters relating to pre- and post-Conquest England and France, but also the activities and influences of the Normans on the wider European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern stage; it celebrates its twenty-first anniversary with this volume. This year there is an emphasis on the examination of sources: translation-narratives, the Life of Hereward, the Book of Llandaf, a Mont Saint Michel cartulary, Benoit de Sainte-Maure and Roger of Howden. Secular topics include Anglo-Flemish relations and the origins of an important family; ecclesiastical matters considered are the Breton church in the late eleventh century, William Rufus's monastic policy, the patrons of the great abbey of Bec, and, for the first time in this series, the life of St Thomas of Canterbury.
C. Roy Hudleston, Ann M.C. Forster
Miscellanea. Volume III
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I. Durham Recusants' Estates 1717-1778, Part II, edited by C. Roy Hudleston. See volume 173. Continuation in alphabetical order from Edwar Salvin. Appendix of 6 registrations from 1717-22. II. Durham Estates on the Recusants'Roll 1636-7.
I. Durham Recusants' Estates: ii. 1717-1778 Continuation from SS 173 (o/p). II. Durham Estates on the Recusants' Roll 1636-7.
D.A. Kirby
Parliamentary Surveys of the Bishopric of Durham. Volume I
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In 1646 Parliament negotiated a substantial loan from the city of London, secured by the sale of ecclesiastical temporalities. An ordinance was passed abolishing archbishops and bishops and transferring their lands and possessions for the use of the Commonwealth. These surveys represent the examinations conducted in this connection in the Darlington Ward of the bishopric, which at the time was beleaguered by the Scots. Covers the manors of Auckland, Darlington, Evenwood and Wolsingham. Significant in assessing the effects of the Civil War on grass-roots society in the North-East.
Anne Orde
Letters of John Buddle to Lord Londonderry, 1820-1843
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Letters between a colliery manager and his employer provide valuable evidence for the growth and development of the coal trade in north-east England.
John Buddle (1773-1843), the most eminent coal viewer and mining engineer and manager of his day, worked for a number of different coal owners in North-East England. In particular, for over twenty years he acted as colliery manager for Charles Stewart, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. In this capacity Buddle wrote to his employer more than 2,000 letters, of which this book provides a selection. They give not only a detailed, and at times almost a day-to-day account of the coal trade of the Tyne and Wear at a time when the industry was expanding rapidly, but also a discussion of Lord Londonderry's always difficult financial affairs, of his local political activities, and the general condition of the region in a period of change. Buddle emerges from these letters as a self-confident professional man with far-reaching ideas tempered by prudence, ready to speak his mind and by no means always agreeing with his aristocratic employer, though ultimately always bowing to his decisions; Londonderry is revealed as ambitious, willful, and incapable of living within his means. The letters reveal the sometimes troubled relationship between the twovery different men, one that came close to breaking-point in 1841, though the breach was repaired before Buddle's death in 1843; more widely, they paint a vivid picture of north-east England in the early nineteenth century, of its politics, its economy, and its social situation at a time of lively development.
Anne Orde is a retired Senior Lecturer in History, University of Durham.
Clare Jackson
Restoration Scotland, 1660-1690
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The first modern account of the advancement of political and religious ideas in Scotland in the years between the Restoration of Charles II and the collapse of royal authority under James VII and II.
In the twilight years of Scottish independence, the Restoration period witnessed both the triumph of Stuart absolutism and the radical Covenanting resistance of the "Killing Times" immortalised in presbyterian memory. This is thefirst account of this fascinating and dramatic period in Scottish history. It begins with the widespread popular royalism that acclaimed Charles II's return to power in 1660 and concludes by examining the collapse of royal authority that occurred under his brother, James VII & II, and the events of the Williamite Revolution of 1688-90. In reconstructing the world of late-seventeenth century Scotland, this book draws on an extensive range of printed and manuscript sources, the majority of which have never been used by historians before. Amidst current interest in Scottish political and parliamentary history before 1707, this book emphasises the dynamic and characteristic cosmopolitanism of Restoration intellectual culture as revealed from a range of national, British and Continental perspectives. In doing so, it challenges numerous historiographical orthodoxies, and modifies conventional understanding of pre-Enlightenment Scotland.
CLARE JACKSON lectures in the history of political thought at the University of Cambridge.
James G. Clark
The Religious Orders in Pre-Reformation England
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Essays provide evidence for the vigour and involvement of religious orders in the years immediately prior to the reformation.
It continues to be assumed in some quarters that England's monasteries and mendicant convents fell into a headlong decline - pursuing high living and low morals - long before Henry VIII set out to destroy them at the Dissolution.The essays in this book add to the growing body of scholarly enquiry which challenges this view. Drawing on some of the most recent research by British and American scholars, they offer a wide-ranging reassessment of the religiousorders on the eve of the Reformation. They consider not only the condition of their communities and the character of life within them, but also their wider contribution - spiritual, intellectual and economic - to English societyat large. What emerges is the impression that the years leading up to the Dissolution were neither as dark nor as difficult for the regular religious as many earlier histories have led us to believe. It was a period of institutional and religious reform, and, for the Benedictines at least, a period of marked intellectual revival. Many religious houses also continued to enjoy close relations with the lay communities living beyond their precinct walls. Whiletheir role in the devotions of many ordinary lay folk may have diminished, they still had a significant part to play in the local economy, in education and in a wide range of social and cultural activities.
Contributors:JEREMY CATTO, JAMES G. CLARK, GLYN COPPACK, CLAIRE CROSS, PETER CUNICH, VINCENT GILLESPIE, JOAN GREATEX, BARBARA HARVEY, F. DONALD LOGAN, MARILYN OLIVA, MICHAEL ROBSON, R.N. SWANSON, BENJAMIN THOMPSON.
Patricia Malcolmson
The Bedford Diary of Leah Aynsley, 1943-1946
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The Bedford Diary of Leah Aynsley, 1943-1946, provides a fascinating insight into the daily life of a working class woman during the Second World War.
Edited by Patricia and Robert Malcolmson, The Bedford Diary of Leah Aynsley, 1943-1946, provides a fascinating insight into the daily life of a working class woman during the Second World War. Leah hoped that her diary, which shegave as a bequest to Bedfordshire Archives Service, would: 'often be useful to settle arguments as to what happened on such and such occasions.' She also thought that: 'being written by a working-class person among whom I suspectnot many will keep such diaries . [it] may be interesting in future centuries'.
Leah moved with her parents and two brothers to live in Queens Park, Bedford, in 1921 while in her twentieth year. During the war years she worked for W. H. Allen & Sons Engineering Works and the diary includes her thoughts on her job there and the work that was undertaken by the firm. The diary also details her day to day activities, generally confined to cycling distance of her home. But she had a busy and active life - working on her allotment in Bromham, attending BBC concerts in the Corn Exchange as well as going to local lectures and folk dances. Throughout the diary Leah comments on aspects of war-time Bedford including the influx of American airmen, rationing, Home Guard duties, bombing raids, air-raid warnings and preparations for invasion. Her style - understated, measured, factual, domestic but engaging - isno better captured than in her entry on Victory Day: 'V DAY. Well, the day is nearly over now. Very quiet around here. I have not heard any victory bells. The street has blossomed out into flags, bunting and fairy lights. The local shops were open - even the fish shop - and the baker called as usual ... Churchill broadcast at 3 p.m. ... A very pleasant day in May.'
John Crawford Hodgson
North Country Diaries (Second Series).
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Journal of Sir William Brereton, 1635. Autobiography of Sir John Gibson, 1655. Jacob Bee's Chronicle. Mark Browell's Diary. The Family of Mark Akenside, the Poet. Two letters of Bishop Warburton. Northern Journeys of BishopRichard Pococke. Diary of John Dawson of Brunton. Each entry is preceded by an introduction. See volume 118.
John B Gillingham
Anglo-Norman Studies XXIV
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War, rebellion and castle-building in Normandy and Poitou, charters and writs, dedications of churches in England, Jews, attitudes to kindred - the regular stimulating mix.
Seven papers in this volume deal with England, six (four of them in French) with northern and western France. One major focus is on the endowment and building of churches in England from the late Anglo-Saxon period to the early thirteenth century; a second important group looks at war, rebellion and castle-building in Normandy and Poitou. Three papers investigate the value of charters and writs for an understanding of political structures in Anglo-Saxon and twelfth-century England; and there are studies of the revealing ways in which attitudes to outsiders and insiders (Jews, and kindred) were articulated in eleventh- and twelfth-century Europe. Contributors: MARTIN AURELL, MARIE-PIERRE BAUDRY, PIERRE BAUDUIN, JULIA BOORMAN, NATALIE FRYDE, CHARLES INSLEY, STEPHEN MARRITT, VINCENT MOSS, DOMINIQUE PITTE, TIM TATTON-BROWN, PAMELA TAYLOR, MALCOLM THURLBY, ANN WILLIAMS.
Clifford J. Rogers
War Cruel and Sharp
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A close study of the military and political strategies of Edward III and the Black Prince, whose great victories had by 1360 made England the foremost martial nation of Europe.
CLIFFORD J. ROGERS is Professor of History, United States Military Academy, West Point.
Joseph Fewster
Morpeth Electoral Correspondence, 1766-1776
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The murkier side of eighteenth-century politics is vividly revealed in the letters edited here.
In the mid-eighteenth century, the borough of Morpeth, in Northumberland, was one of many where established vested interests, whether corporate or aristocratic, faced challenges from below. The documents collected here illustratethe struggle between the "sons of liberty" fighting to restore the freemen's "independence", and the earl of Carlisle, striving to maintain his control of the representation. Over two hundred letters reveal secret deals, rioting pitmen, electoral gerrymandering, and legal chicanery, providing fascinating insights to further our understanding of late eighteenth-century politics. A full introduction puts the letters into their local and national context, andthey are accompanied by elucidatory notes.
R.W. Dunning
A History of the County of Somerset
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This is the first volume of the Victoria History of the County of Somerset to be pub-lished since 1911, and is the result of the revival of the History under the patronage of the County Council. It provides a com-prehensive and detailed account of twenty-one parishes towards the southern boundary of the county and lying in the ancient hundreds of Pitney, Somerton, Tintinhull, and part of Kingsbury (East). The land is partly in the valleys of the Parrett and the Yeo and partly on the hills. The lower ground, still liable to flood on occasions, has gradually over the years been drained and converted into the 'moors' that are a feature of the area and provide unusually rich grazing. From the hills in the south comes the celebrated Ham stone. The volume includes the history of two small towns that can each claim to have served at some time as the county centre: Somerton, whose name is linked with that of the county, and the diminutive Ilchester at the junction of the Foss Way and another Roman road. Lang-port, a commercial centre on the navigable river Parrett, is also an ancient settlement. Other parishes that figure in the volume include Montacute, with its fine Elizabethan mansion, and Muchelney, with the remains of its medieval abbey, and there are National Trust properties at Lytes Cary (in Charlton Mackrell) and Tintinhull. The test is illus-trated with line-drawn maps and with plates that include both photographs, old and new, and reproductions of paintings and drawings.
Anne Curry
The Battle of Agincourt: Sources and Interpretations
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Latest title, destined to be the Agincourt sourcebook for years to come, in the Warfare in History: Sources and Interpretations series.
Accessible collections of primary sources covering the Hundred Years War are still remarkably few and far between, and teachers of the subject will find Curry's volume a valuable addition to their bibliographies and teaching aids.FRENCH HISTORY
"Agincourt! Agincourt! Know ye not Agincourt?" So began a ballad of around 1600. Since the event itself [25 October 1415], the great military engagement has occupied a special place in both English andFrench consciousness, respectively as either one of the greatest military successes ever, or as the "accursed day". Much ink has been spilt on the battle but do we really know Agincourt? Not since Harris Nicolas's History of the Battle of Agincourt (1827-33) has there been a full attempt to survey the sources until now: this book brings together, in translation and with commentary, English and French narrative accounts and literary works of the fifteenth century. It also traces the treatment of the battle in sixteenth-century English histories and in the literary representations of, amongst others, Shakespeare and Drayton. After examining how later historians interpreted the battle, it concludes with the first full assessment of the extremely rich administrative records which survive for the armies which fought "upon Saint Crispin's day".
ANNE CURRY is Professor of Medieval Historyat the University of Southampton.
CONTENTS Twenty-six chronicle sources, English and French Accounts from six sixteenth-century English historians Twenty-one records of contemporary reception of the battle, and the development of the literary tradition, in England and France Summaries of interpretations from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries Excerpts from eighteen administrative records relating to the Englishand French armies
Lynn Ann Botelho
Churchwardens' Accounts of Cratfield, 1640-1660
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Edition of rare churchwardens' accounts offers rich evidence for East Anglian life in the Civil War.
The rare set of churchwardens' accounts edited here offers a detailed view of life in an East Anglian village during the English civil wars. Their survival is unusual in a time which is considered by many to have experienced a wide-spread breakdown of local government, and they reveal many aspects of early modern life: of particular interest are the costs of war in a village which committed both men and money to Parliament's cause. The introduction recreates the demographic, economic and social structure of early modern Cratfield, and the volume is completed with a number of appendices, including short biographies of those named in the accounts. LYNN A. BOTELHO is in theDepartment of History at the Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
Christopher Harper-Bill
Anglo-Norman Studies XVII
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Annual volume of recent research on all aspects of the Norman World.
Papers on English and Norman history from the early eleventh to the early thirteenth centuries: castles and monasteries, ecclesiastical administration and missionary activity, attitudes of the aristocracy, Domesday and Textus Roffensis
Christopher Allmand
Society at War
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Primary sources for the Hundred Years War present the realities of the medieval experience of warfare in England and in France.
War's impact on two societies, England and France, in the late middle ages is fully explored through the evidence and commentary presented here, showing how they reacted to the conflict between them. The Hundred Years War forms the framework for the chosen documents, all from the fourteenth and fifteenth century; extracts show how men thought about war and how they faced up to these ideas in practice; the problems of manpower; and the effects of the military needs of the day on society. The importance of economic motives for going to war is considered, together with the changing methods used in fighting the war. Finally, the attempts at peace-making are illustrated, showing how wardid not necessarily end suddenly since its effects -social, economic and political - were felt for many years after it was officially over. New introduction, updated bibliography; originally published 1973. CHRISTOPHER ALLMANDis Professor of Medieval History at the University of Liverpool.
Lesley Abrams
The Archaeology and History of Glastonbury Abbey
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Discussion of site and buildings, books and manuscripts, cultural life and traditions, from the earliest Anglo-Saxon period to the later middle ages.
Glastonbury Abbey was one of the great cultural centres of Anglo-Saxon and medieval England, yet this is the first volume of scholarly essays to be devoted to the subject. Written in honour of C. A. Ralegh Radford, the first itemsare concerned with the physical remains of the abbey, ranging from the place of Glastonbury in the development of Christianity in Somerset to specific examinations of surviving monastic buildings. The main body of the essays explores documents relating to the abbey for evidence of its history and traditions, including the earliest Anglo-Saxon period, pre-conquest abbots, and links with the Celtic world. The final section deals with the cultural life of the abbey: Glastonbury's role in education is discussed and the concluding essay deals with the most magical of all Glastonbury legends - its link with Joseph of Arimathea and the Grail.
Contributors: PHILIP RAHTZ, MICHAEL D. COSTEN, C.J. BOND, J.B. WELLER, ROBERT W. DUNNING, LESLEY ABRAMS, JAMES P. CARLEY, ANN DOOLEY, SARAH FOOT, DAVID THORNTON, RICHARD SHARPE, JULIA CRICK, OLIVER J.PADEL, MATTHEW BLOWS, CHARLES T. WOOD, NICHOLAS ORME, CERIDWENLLOYD-MORGAN, FELICITY RIDDY.
J.F. Verbruggen
The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302)
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Flemish townspeople defeat the cream of French nobility, and explode the myth of knightly invincibility for ever. Discussion of bias in sources and difficulties of interpretation preface careful account of what actually happened during the three-hour battle.
On 11 July 1302, below the town walls of Courtrai, the most splendid army of knights in Christendom, the flower of the French nobility, was utterly defeated by Flemish rebels, common workers and peasants. The French knights, products of a lifetime's training, were ably led; but so too were the Courtrai townspeople, in addition to being well-armed, and their victory, despite their lack of military skills (and golden spurs), put an end to the enduring myth of the invincibility of the knight. A French explanation of the terrible defeat was immediately given, intended to save the honour and pride of the French nobility; in Flanders the victory was glorified as a just reward for the bravery of the townsmen and the competence of their commanders. Unfortunately there were no impartial witnesses. Any account of the battle must therefore pay careful attention to the personalities of the chroniclers, their nationality, and their political and social leanings, as well as their personal sympathies. Verbruggen's study is prefaced by discussion of the problems of reconstruction and extensive consideration of the sources, showing the difficultiesfaced by medieval military historians in attempts to interpret them. He then offers his own account of the events of that dramatic day, a case study in the reconstruction of events in one of the greatest battles of the middle ages.J.F. VERBRUGGEN lectured at the Royal Military School in Brussels, and then taught in Africa, retiring as Professor of History, University of Congo, and University of Bujumbura (Burundi). He is also the author of The Art ofWarfare in Western Europe. Originally published in Dutch in 1954, translated and updated.
Herbert Maxwell Wood
Wills and Inventories from the Registry at Durham. Part IV.
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Documents dating 1603-1649. Indexes of wills and inventories, names and places. See volumes 2, 38, 112.
Toby C Barnard
The Dukes of Ormonde, 1610-1745
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Biographical studies of the two Dukes of Ormonde illuminate aspects of the operation of political power in seventeenth-century Ireland, and, on a wider European stage, the predicaments facing the nobility.
A valuable insight into the political and material world of Ireland's leading aristocratic family. HISTORY
For much of their lives the two dukes of Ormonde dominated public events in Ireland, where they served the English sovereign as viceroy five times; they were also powerful presences in the Stuart court in England, and commanded armies both in Ireland and Europe. Later, they spent long periods on the continent as travellers and exiles. Yetdespite their importance in the public life of the age, neither duke has been the subject of a full modern biography, a gap which this collection of essays aims to fill, using key episodes and phases in the Ormondes' careers to investigate the larger picture. The dukes' lives as great nobles, landowners and converts to Protestantism raise problems specific to Ireland, but they also exemplify the predicament of nobles elsewhere in Europe. A particular focusis on the worlds that they and their wives created, often innovative and always dazzling, and on the clienteles who looked to them for preferment and on which a part of the Ormondes' political weight rested. Throughout, much newlight is cast on such vexed questions as the troubled and constantly changing relationship between Ireland and England, between public and private interests, and the roles of women.
Dr TOBY BARNARD teaches at the University of Oxford.
Contributors: G.E. AYLMER, T.C. BARNARD, EVELINE CRUICKSHANKS, DAVID EDWARDS, JANE FENLON, RAYMOND GILLESPIE, DAVID HAYTON, PATRICK LITTLE, RENÉ MOULINAS, ÉAMONN - CIARDHA, NATHALIE GENET ROUFFIAC
Richard W Kaeuper
Violence in Medieval Society
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Studies of ways in which the rapidly evolving society of medieval Europe developed social, legal and practical responses to public and private violence.
Violence was endemic in the medieval world, to an extent most modern people find shocking. Violence was part and parcel of the public world of institutions [church, state, chivalry] and the private world of households. In an age of dynamic expansion it was present everywhere, and contemporary response to it was contradictory: it was both wrong and at the same time a regulatory feature of society. This book brings together the views of a number of scholarson aspects of violence in medieval society, in England and the larger canvas of western Europe, from the eleventh to the fifteenth century. There is analysis of the tension between the practice of violence and hopes for reform; discussion of violence in literature; examination of assertive political acts and judicial duels and tournaments; and observations on the domestic scene and resistance to seigneurial impositions.
Professor RICHARD W. KAEUPER teaches in the Department of History at the University of Rochester. Contributors: SARAH KAY, RICHARD W. KAEUPER, MATTHEW STRICKLAND, SEYMOUR PHILLIPS, M.L. BOHNA, PAUL HYAMS, AMY PHELAN, JULIET VALE, MALCOLM VALE, JAMES A.BRUNDAGE, BARBARA A. HANAWALT, EDMUND FRYDE
Anne Curry
Concepts and Patterns of Service in the Later Middle Ages
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The notion of service was ingrained in medieval culture, prominent throughout the language and life of the time.
The notion of service was ingrained in medieval culture, and not just as a part of the wider concept of patronage: it is prominent throughout the language and life of the time. These studies examine the nature and importance of service in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries in a variety of contexts both within and beyond the dominions of the English crown, including contracts between domestic servants and employers, labour legislation, career opportunities for graduates, the public service ethos embodied by the king's household retinue and a scheme for its reform, public service in France, ducal service in Brittany, and bastard feudalism in Scotland.
ANNE CURRY is Professor of History, University of Southampton; ELIZABETH MATTHEW is honorary research fellow at the Department of History, University of Reading.
Contributors: JEREMY GOLDBERG, CHRISTOPHER GIVEN-WILSON, MICHAEL JONES, ALEXANDER GRANT, VIRGINIA DAVIS, JEREMY I. CATTO, D.A.L. MORGAN, KATHELEEN DALY, RALPH A. GRIFFITHS.
John B. Hattendorf
War at Sea in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
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The role and characteristics of armed force at sea in western Europe and the Mediterranean prior to 1650.
This volume is both a restatement of current interpretations of sea power in the middle ages and the Renaissance and a general introduction to naval and maritime history over four and a half centuries. The book offers broad conclusions on the role and characteristics of armed force at sea before 1650, conclusions that exploit the best current understanding of the medieval period. The examination of naval militias in the Baltic, permanent galley fleets in the Mediterranean, contract fleets and the use of reprisal for political ends all illustrate the variety and complexity of naval power and domination of the sea in theyears from 1000 to 1650. The detailed and closely coordinated studies by scholars from Europe, North America, and Australia show patterns in war at sea and discuss the influence of the development of ships, guns, and the language of public policy on maritime conflict. The essays show theimportance and unique character of violence at sea in the period.
Contributors: JOHN B. HATTENDORF, NIELS LUND, JAN BILL, TIMOTHY J. RUNYAN, IAN FRIEL, JOHN H. PRYOR, LAWRENCE V. MOTT, JOHN DOTSON, MICHEL BALARD, BERNARD DOUMERC, MARCO GEMIGNANI, FRANCISCO CONTENT DOMINGUES, LOUIS SICKING, JAN GLETE, N.A.M. RODGER, RICHARD W. UNGER.
Lesley Abrams
Anglo-Saxon Glastonbury: Church and Endowment
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A survey of the landed endowment of Glastonbury Abbey before 1066, with a history of its estates.
The early history of the religious community at Glastonbury has been the subject of much speculation and imaginative writing, but there are few sources which genuinely further our knowledge of Glastonbury Abbey in the Anglo-Saxonperiod. This has resulted in a lack of serious historical research and hence the neglect of an important ecclesiastical establishment. This study brings together the evidence of royal and episcopal grants of land and combines it with material from Domesday Book, to produce a survey of the landed endowment of Glastonbury Abbey before 1066, and an analysis of the history of its Anglo-Saxon estates. Although there is too little data to formulate a complete account of the Abbey's early landholdings, the surviving evidence, collected together here, outlines a history for each place named in connection with the pre-Conquest religious house; in addition, each case helps to establish an overall framework for the life-cycle of the Anglo-Saxon estate, building on our understanding of actual conditions of tenure and of the various fortunes ecclesiastical land might experience.
LESLEY ABRAMS is Lecturer in History, Brasenose College, and Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford University.
John M. Todd
The Lanercost Cartulary (Cumbria County Record Office MS DZ/1)
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Also printed as Volume XI in the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society's Record Series.An introduction provides the historical background to the priory (which was founded c. 1169 by Robert I de Vaux),its patrons and the economy of Gilsland. Detailed information on the making, content, history and transcripts of the cartulary is also provided, as are sections on the marginal coats of arms and drawings and the Barony of Gilsland. The cartulary is in fifteen parts.
Joan Briggs
Sunderland Wills and Inventories, 1601-1650
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Edition, with full explanatory apparatus, of wills and inventories from north-east England.
Complete editorial team: Joan Briggs, Rita McGhee, John Smith, Jennifer Tindell, Ann Tumman, Xenia Webster
What was to become the town of Sunderland emerged in the earlier seventeenth century from two parishes north and south of the river Wear, Monkwearmouth and Bishopwearmouth, developing from a small fishing village into a significant east-coast port and industrial centre; a charter granted by the bishop of Durham in 1630 confirms its status. This volume comprises its surviving probate documents from the period 1601-50, containing material relating to some ninety-one individuals, twelve of them women. The inventories that accompany most of the wills (and insome cases survive where the wills do not) detail their household goods, thus constituting a rich source of information about ways of life and standards of living in the early seventeenth century. The wills and inventories are edited here in full in the original spelling, with a glossary, introduction, notes and an index.
Katherine J. Lewis
The Cult of St Katherine of Alexandria in Late Medieval England
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First large-scale study of widespread saint's cult reveals valuable detail of medieval life.
The cult of St Katherine of Alexandria enjoyed great popularity throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, retaining a wide appeal right up to the Reformation; she appears in a wide variety of contexts, in association withconcepts of royal and civic power, by the end of the period becoming identified as a British saint, and acting as a model of the ideal lay Christian and a paradigm of femininity and young womanhood. This study, the first full-scale interdisciplinary examination of a saint's cult in late medieval England, looks at the processes by which she came to have such a prominent place in the devotions of English men and women from across the wide social scale; using written and visual narratives of Katherine's life, in combination with documentary evidence provided by wills, inventories and gild returns, the author shows how devotees perceived and responded to her, and the various religious, social and cultural roles assigned to her.
Dr KATHERINE J. LEWIS teaches at the University of Huddersfield.
John Gillingham
Anglo-Norman Studies XXV
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The Battle Conference celebrated its quarter-centenary in 2002 in Glasgow, and this volume has a particular focus on Scottish themes.
The Battle Conference celebrated its quarter-centenary in 2002 in Glasgow, and this volume, while ranging from Norman Sicily to Scandinavia, has a particular focus on Scottish themes. There are six papers on aspects of Scottish history from the eleventh to the early thirteenth century: on kings and their followers, on the building of burghs, and on the border abbey churches. Charters (Norman, Anglo-Norman and Scottish) represent another focus. In additionto papers discussing problems of authenticity and the implications of forgery, several others use charter evidence to shed new light on royal and aristocratic values and on critical periods in the history of William the Conquerorand the Marshal earls. Three papers take a comparative look at past and present interpretations of law and law codes in England, Scotland and Scandinavia; two investigate contemporary historians' perceptions of the Jews and Byzantium.Contributors: MICHAEL ANGOLD, G.W.S. BARROW, DAVID BATES, DAUVIT BROUN, JULIA CRICK, A.A.M. DUNCAN, RICHARD FAWCETT, J0HN HUDSON, MICHAEL H. GELTING, MICHAEL KENNEDY, RICHARD MORTIMER, BRUCE O'BRIEN, DANIEL POWER, NIGEL WEBB.
Peter Northeast
Wills of the Archdeaconry of Sudbury, 1439-1474
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Suffolk wills of ordinary inhabitants illustrate all aspects of the social conditions of the time.
ARCHIVES: The making and registering of wills by ordinary people became widespread in East Anglia a century earlier than parts of midland and western England. It is of enormous value therefore to have one of the earliest surviving registers from an archdeaconry made available. [The volume] provides us with a window into rural society in mid-fifteenth-century East Anglia. It was a society bustling with small farmers, craftsmen involved in the cloth industry, and other artisans and traders. The wills record their concern for religion, the local community and the future welfare of wives, children, godchildren and even servants. There is a wealth of information here for the historianof religion, the family, material culture, agriculture and industry. This volume contains abstracts, in English, of nearly nine hundred wills made by residents of the western part of Suffolk in the mid-fifteenth century, together with a further five hundred 'probate sentences' - details of the granting of probate, without the associated wills. These are the earliest surviving wills of ordinary inhabitants of that part of Suffolk, excluding the titled, the wealthy and the clergy. They illustrate in considerable detail the social conditions of the time, including housing and household possessions, landholding and farming patterns, and provision for the poor. They are especially rich in references to the religious practices of the day. The introduction outlines the probate system of the area at that time and examines the form and content of a medieval will.
Robert Levine
The Deeds of God through the Franks
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First English translation of important text of the First Crusade.
Guibert of Nogent's account of the First Crusade is an important but difficult chronicle which will be welcomed in this first English translation. It is a valuable addition to Boydell & Brewer's repertoire of crusading material,and is an interesting text because it represents an attempt to produce a critical history from the eyewitness sources - the Deeds of the Franks and Fulker of Chartres' History of the Expedition to Jerusalem: in theprocess it reveals considerable detail on Western attitudes to the First Crusade, and, through Guibert's own bias, on medieval mentalites in general. In this translation, Professor Levine has rendered the difficult and idiosyncratic Latin prose and verse into idiomatic English prose, while preserving as far as possible the constructions favoured by Guibert. In addition, he provides a brief introduction containing biographical and bibliographical information, as well as a summary of the translation.
Professor ROBERT LEVINE teaches in the Department of English, Boston University.
Michael C Prestwich
Thirteenth Century England VII
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An indispensable series for anyone who wishes to keep abreast of recent work in the field. WELSH HISTORY REVIEW
The continued vitality and rich diversity of thirteenth-century studies is demonstrated in this latest volume in the series. Economic and social history is particular well-served, with a close examination of the concept of "bastard feudalism", while a detailed exploration of the cloth industry and trade, together with a paper on London wardrobes, with their implications of conspicuous consumption, add much to our knowledge of the commercial world during the period. There is also a particular focus on English relations with Wales and Scotland under Edward I, and on the early history and development of parliament. Other subjects treated include the nature of Englishness; the serjeants of the Common Pleas; English verse chronicles; and Henry III's marriage plans.
Professor MICHAEL PRESTWICH, Professor ROBIN FRAME and the late Professor RICHARD BRITNELL taught at the Department of History at the University of Durham.
Contributors: SUSAN REYNOLDS, J.R. MADDICOTT, SCOTT L. WAUGH, DEREK KEENE, PAUL BRAND, JOHN H. MUNRO, THEA SUMMERFIELD, REBECCA READER, MICHAEL PRESTWICH, BJÖRN WEILER, J. BEVERLEY SMITH, ALAN YOUNG, MICHAEL HASKELL, HUGO SCHWYZER
Michael C Prestwich
Thirteenth Century England VIII
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This series is home to scholarship of the highest order covering a wide range of themes: from politics and warfare to administration, justice and society. The topics of the papers in this book range from the sublime to the macabre: romance, rape, money, politics and religion.
Wide-ranging papers cover many themes: the role of knights in the civil war at the end of John's reign, the politics of Ireland at the time of Richard Marshal's rebellion, the crusading context of the de Montfort family, the Petition of the Barons of 1258, and the government of England during Edward I's absence on crusade form one group of papers which illuminate the politics of the period. The history of the Jews in their final days in England is examined, as are the techniques used to supply Edward I's armies. Legal matters are considered, with papers on manorial courts, capital punishment, and the offence of rape. Romance is treated in a historical context with Edward I's marriage plans of 1294. Also included is discussion of the dissemination of the Sarum rite, the building of Westminster Abbey, ecclesiastical mints, and Matthew Paris's maps.
Contributors: MARTIN ALLEN, DAVID CARPENTER, DAVIDCROOK, KATHERINE FAULKNER, PETER EDBURY, PAUL HARVEY, RICHARD HUSCROFT, NIGEL MORGAN, MARK ORMROD, ZEFIRA ROKEAH, CORINNE SAUNDERS, BRENDAN SMITH, KATHERINE STOCKS, HENRY SUMMERSON, MARK VAUGHN.
Christopher Harper-Bill
Anglo-Norman Studies XVIII
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Latest volume in leading forum for research on the Anglo-Norman world.
This most recent volume of papers contains the usual wide range of papers and topics. The Memorial lecture concerns St Anselm, a personality particularly dear to R. Allen Brown. There is a particular emphasis on the writing of history, with papers on regional identity in early Normandy, Henry of Huntingdon, the Anglo-Norman Estoire and the definition of racial identity in post-Conquest England; other topics include language in a colonial society, Anglo-Norman aristocracy (with studies ofindividual families), and the history of the church. Norman Southern Italy is represented by a study of the family structure in the principality of Salerno.
Contributors: D.E.. LUSCOMBE, EMMA COWNIE, R. BEARMAN, P. DAMIAN-GRINT, JOANNA DRELL, DIANA GREENWAY, VANESSA KING, CASSANDRA POTTS, IAN SHORT, KATHLEEN THOMPSON, H. TSURUSHIMA
Peter Coss
Thirteenth Century England III
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Thirteenth-Century England IIIcontinues the series which began in 1986 with the publication of the first volume of the biannual Newcastle upon Tyne conferences on thirteenth-century England. Important studies of aspects ofEnglish society and politics open up new areas of research and re-examine standard interpretations.
Contributors: PAUL BRAND, D.W. BURTON, P.H. CULLUM, R.B. DOBSON, ELIZABETH GEMMILL, P.J.P. GOLDBERG, ANTONIA GRANSDEN, LINDY GRANT, MICHAEL PRESTWICH, ROBERT C. STACEY, R.L.STOREY, ROBIN STUDD, CHRISTOPHER WILSON.
John B Gillingham
Anglo-Norman Studies XXIII
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In chronological and geographical scope this volume ranges fromtenth-century Marchiennes, to three castles c.1300 in Co. Carlow, via Toulouse in 1159; none the less, England in the eleventh and twelfth centuries remains central. Three papers deal with the late Anglo-Saxon earls and their followers as consumers and politicians; three with religious institutions in both charitable and political perspective. Familiar subjects such as English castle keeps, theBayeux Tapestry and the New Forest are shown in unfamiliar light. Other papers consider contemporary views of Henry I and Stephen and modern views of Anglo-Saxon slavery.
T. Woodcock, Sarah Flower
Dictionary of British Arms: Medieval Ordinary Volume III
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The third in a series of four volumes designed to aid historians, archaeologists, genealogists, heraldists and antiquaries in the identification of medieval British coats of arms. Listed in this volume are entries from Chief to Fess.
This book is the third in a series of volumes designed to enable those with a working knowledge of heraldry to identify medieval British coats of arms. Listed in this volume are entries from Chief to Fess. The project is the result of a bequest to the Society of Antiquaries in 1926 for the production of a new edition of Papworth's Ordinary which has remained, since its publication in 1874, the principal tool for the identification of British coatsof arms. An Ordinary, in this context, is a collection of arms arranged alphabetically according to their designs, as opposed to an armory which is arranged alphabetically by surname. The present work is the third in a fourvolume Ordinary covering the period before the beginning of the heraldic visitations in 1530. Its publication will mean that the wide range of people interested in medieval arms - historians, antiquaries, archaeologists, genealogist and those dealing in and collecting medieval objects - will be able to identify accurately the arms that occur in a medieval context. Even those without a knowledge of the subject will be able, by means of the index, to discover the blazon of arms recorded under particular surnames in the Middle Ages.
Philip Woodfine
Britannia's Glories
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`The War of Jenkins Ear' examined for the first time in a full-length study, looking at the vitality of popular politics and the inner workings of Parliament during the time.
This first full-length study of the 1739 war with Spain, the so-called `War of Jenkins' Ear', looks at both the Spanish and the British side of disputes arising from illicit British trading in the Spanish ports of the Caribbean and the sometimes brutal depredations committed by the Spanish ships licensed to suppress it. It considers the domestic contexts in both countries, including the pressures which bore upon unpopular monarchs and their ministers; in particular, the author demonstrates the vigour with which opposition newspapers vaunted the heritage of British naval power: if ministers only had the political will, it was supposed, Britannia's glories would be revived and she would humble the cowardly popish foreigners of Spain and France. In examining foreign policy in the closing years of the long-lived Walpole ministry, light is also shed on the inner workings of `high politics', and new evidence offered on the development of the cabinet and the important role played by George II. The author concludes that the breakdown of complex and delicate Anglo-Spanish negotiations over the American trade was due not just to British popular outcry over Jenkins' ear but had a variety of causes, including entrenched national principles, and the interplay of individual personalities. Dr PHILIP WOODFINE teaches in the Department of Humanities at the University ofHuddersfield.
R.W. Dyson
The Pilgrim City
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St Augustine on the human condition, justice, the State, slavery, private property and war: essential sourcebook for historians of late classical and medieval thought.
The political and social ideas of St Augustine of Hippo are of central importance to the historian of late classical and medieval political thought: Augustine offers a penetrating critique of the moral and political claims of imperial Rome, and he is one of the founders of the Christian political thought of the middle ages. But the student's task is made difficult by the fact that Augustine did not write a single, systematic political treatise. His political remarks are always incidental to his theological and pastoral concerns; they occur in many different contexts; they have to be dissected out from a great variety of works. In this volume, Dr Dyson brings together an extensive selection of primary sources and provides a detailed commentary on them. The result is a full and wide-ranging narrative account of St Augustine's thinking on the human condition, justice, the State, slavery, private property and war. This comprehensive sourcebook will be of value to students of St Augustine at all levels.Dr R W DYSON lectures in the department of politics, University of Durham.
Angela Marsden
A Raine Miscellany
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Memoir of north of England childhood of James Raine (1791-1858), antiquary and local historian, with later letters and family papers.
Edition of James Raine the Elder's memoir of his northern England childhood and other family materials, prepared by his great-grand-daughter, Angela Marsden. Printed in the year of the bicentenary of his birth. Contains: Memoirof his Childhood, by James Raine (1791-1858); Early Life of M. Raine, by Margaret Hunt, daughter of James Raine; Letters of Thomas Peacock concerning the Birkbeck Family (Peacock was father-in-law of James Raine). Concludes witha list of the society's publications up to volume 200.
Julian Whybra
A Lost English County
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Julian Whybra's research into the history and boundaries of the vanished shire uncovers important evidence relating to the early organisation of land tenure in one of the most turbulent periods in the history of England.
The history of Winchcombeshire is no obscure tale of a lost shire: the story of its creation, development and demise is intricately interwoven with the story of the development of England prior to the Norman Conquest and the fabric of government which rules our lives to this day. Winchcombeshire comprised what is now the Cotswold area of Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, and its centre was at Winchcombe. A scribe's tantalising marginal addition to the heading of an early-11th-century charter started Julian Whybra's quest for the history and boundaries of the vanished shire, and his research has uncovered important evidence relating to early organisation of land tenure in one of the most turbulent periods in the history of England, dating from the reconquest of England from the Vikings in the early 10th century, through the monastic reform movement that divided England's rulers in the mid-10th century, to the Danish wars under Aethelred the unready in the early years of the 11th century.
JULIAN WHYBRA studied at the universities of East Anglia and Cambridge, where he was a Fellow of Girton College and undertook much of the work on which this book is based.
James Collett-White
How Bedfordshire Voted, 1735-1784
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The third volume in BHRS's series of poll books and covers the years from the fall of Walpole to the rise of William Pitt the younger.
This is the third volume in BHRS's series of poll books and covers the years from the fall of Walpole to the rise of William Pitt the younger. It was a period when Britain was constantly at war, when it suffered a dangerous Jacobite rebellion and when the American colonies were lost. Yet this constant warfare did not produce the revolutionary changes to the national and local economy that the Napoleonic wars subsequently created. There is only one complete poll book for the county (1774) but surviving lists from Bedford borough, including a partial poll book of 1747, enable political allegiance to be gauged. Lack of contested elections does not mean an absence of political activity. Detectable trends are illustrated from the Duke of Bedford's archives and the Hardwicke manuscripts in the British Library. They include the attempts of the Duke to increase his powers, which were successfully challenged by Bedford borough by the creation in 1769 of many new out-of-town freemen to detach it from his influence; the decline of formerly prominent political families; and, from the 1760s, the rise of the Whitbreads. The volume also details the political dimensions of the litigation over the appointment of the rector of St John's, Bedford; the administration of the Harpur Trust; and turnpike and enclosure acts.
Clifford J. Rogers
The Wars of Edward III
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Contemporary documents and classic studies follow Edward's fortunes on the battlefield, from failure against the Scots to major military successes in France.
Dr CLIFFORD ROGERS teaches at the United States Military Academy at West Point.
David Allen
Ipswich Borough Archives 1255-1835
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All the surviving records of the old Corporation, from the first charter under King John in 1200 to its dissolution in 1835; particularly rich in medieval legal records, Tudor and Stuart financial records.
Ipswich received its first charter from King John in 1200; the Corporation records survive from 1255, placing the borough archive among the earliest in England, antedated only by Leicester, Shrewsbury, Wallingford, London and Exeter. The archive is particularly rich in records of the medieval courts, most notably perhaps those of the Court of Petty Pleas, whose cases touched almost every aspect of town life, and those of the Petty Court of Recognizances -in effect a register of deeds furnishing a detailed record of transactions involving burgage tenements. The financial records of Treasurer and Chamberlains are particularly detailed for the Elizabethan and Stuart periods, and muchsocial history is contained in the records of various town charities. This catalogue, published to celebrate the 800th anniversary of John's charter, includes all the surviving records of the old Corporation down to its dissolution in 1835, thus facilitating access to an unjustly neglected major source for the history of Suffolk. Also two contextual essays: The Government of Ipswich from its Origins to c. 1550 by GEOFFREY MARTIN (former Keeper of the Rolls) and The Government of Ipswich from c. 1550-1835 by FRANK GRACE (Lecturer, Suffolk College). Dr DAVID ALLEN is on the staff of the Suffolk Record Office in Ipswich and editor of the Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History.
David N. Dumville
Liturgy and the Ecclesiastical History of Late Anglo-Saxon England
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Study of surviving Anglo-Saxon kalendars and pontificals contributes to our understanding of 10th-century England.
`His work demonstrates the importance of these neglected sources for our understanding of the late Old English church.' HISTORY An important book of immense erudition. It brings into the open some major issues of Late Anglo-Saxon history, and gives a thorough overview of the detailed source material. When such outstanding learning is being used, through intuitive perception, to bear on the wider issues such as popular devotion and the reception of the monastic reform in England, and bold conclusions are bing drawn from such minutely detailed studies, there is no doubt that David Dumville's contribution in this area of study becomes invaluable. The sources for the liturgy of late Anglo-Saxon England have a distinctive shape. Very substantial survival has given us the possibility of understanding change and perceiving significant continuity, as well as identifying local preferences and peculiarities. One major category of evidence is provided by a corpus of more than twenty kalendars: some of these (and particularly those which have been associated with Glastonbury Abbey) are subjected to close examination here, the process contributing both negatively and positively to the history of ecclesiastical renewal in the 10th century. Another significant body of manuscripts comprises books for episcopal use, especially pontificals: these are examined here as a group, and their associations with specific prelates and churches considered. All these investigations tend to suggest the centrality of the church of Canterbury in the surviving testimony and presumptively therefore in the history of late Anglo-Saxon christianity. Historians' study of English liturgy in this period has heretofore concentrated on the development of coronation-rites: by pursuing palaeographical and textual enquiries, the author hassought to make other divisions of the subject respond to historical questioning.
Dr DAVID N. DUMVILLE is Reader in the Early Mediaeval History and Culture of the British Isles at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Girton College.
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