Language Arts & Disciplines

Would you read this book if a computer wrote it? Would you even know? And why would it matter?

Today's eerily impressive artificial intelligence writing tools present us with a crucial challenge: As writers, do we unthinkingly adopt AI's time-saving advantages or do we stop to weigh what we gain and lose when heeding its siren call? To understand how AI is redefining what it means to write and think, linguist and educator Naomi S. Baron leads us on a journey connecting the dots between human literacy and today's technology. From nineteenth-century lessons in composition, to mathematician Alan Turing's work creating a machine for deciphering war-time messages, to contemporary engines like ChatGPT, Baron gives readers a spirited overview of the emergence of both literacy and AI, and a glimpse of their possible future. As the technology becomes increasingly sophisticated and fluent, it's tempting to take the easy way out and let AI do the work for us. Baron cautions that such efficiency isn't always in our interest. As AI plies us with suggestions or full-blown text, we risk losing not just our technical skills but the power of writing as a springboard for personal reflection and unique expression.

Funny, informed, and conversational, Who Wrote This? urges us as individuals and as communities to make conscious choices about the extent to which we collaborate with AI. The technology is here to stay. Baron shows us how to work with AI and how to spot where it risks diminishing the valuable cognitive and social benefits of being literate.

The handbook provides a thorough survey of the languages pertaining to the Mesoamerican culture region, including a wealth of new research on synchronic structures and historical linguistics of lesser known languages, also including sign languages. The volume moreover features overviews of recent research on topics such as language acquisition and the expression of spatial orientation across languages of the region.

Eyak (dAXunhyuuga’) is the traditional language of the Copper River Delta region of the Gulf of Alaska. This posthumous publication reflects Michael Krauss’s systematic effort to document every aspect of the language, working closely with the last remaining fluent speakers. Adopting a theory-neutral approach, Krauss focuses on detailed description, providing exhaustive exemplification, as well as ample discussion of comparative and conflicting data from the related Tlingit and Dene (Athabaskan) languages, making the work particularly useful for Dene scholars. Non-specialists will find a window into the structure of a highly synthetic and typologically unusual language. This comprehensive work will also serve as a useful reference for the growing dAXunhyuuga’ reclamation effort.

Harmoniously blending actionable advice and spiritual insight, a renowned writing mentor gives women the tools they need to discover their voice—and themselves—on the page.

Step into an extraordinary voyage of self-discovery with Robin Finn's life-altering guide. Crafted with the female experience at its core, this transformative compendium unlocks the keys to individual expression within all of us.

Beginning with HEART, readers engage with an empowering space to reevaluate and dismiss self-limiting beliefs about personal worth. Transitioning seamlessly, SOUL offers a therapeutic haven fostering creativity, leading to PEN, a treasure trove imparting profound insights on showcasing work and appreciating personal value. Endorsed by accomplished authors, seasoned therapists, and esteemed physicians, Finn’s method is an essential companion for women yearning to reconnect with their voice and embrace their inherent worth. Novice or experienced writers alike will find a wellspring of inspiration, guidance, and empowerment. But even for those simply feeling voiceless, this book shines as a beacon, unveiling a path towards personal reawakening.

Inspired by the acclaimed program sharing its name, Heart. Soul. Pen. has already brought about a sea change in innumerable lives. Now, it extends an invitation to anyone on the transformative journey that is unlocking one’s true potential as a writer.

Aquí se habla serves to envision a more just and equitable Spanish language education that centers language learning as a deeply personal, local, and lifelong practice. Organized around long-standing tension points within and outside the field, this volume features a unique set of contributors whose diverse perspectives help to deconstruct disciplinary boundaries and elevate the knowledge and lived experiences of U.S. Spanish speakers. With chapters that include a variety of formats and dialogues between authors, this invaluable resource is collectively crafted by and for students, researchers, educators, and community partners.

This book will be a fascinating and invaluable resource, not only for advanced learners of Arabic but for linguists, rhetoricians, and philosophers of language.

The dispersal of the Indo-European language family from the third millennium BCE is thought to have dramatically altered Europe’s linguistic landscape. Many of the preexisting languages are assumed to have been lost, as Indo-European languages, including Greek, Latin, Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Slavic and Armenian, dominate in much of Western Eurasia from historical times. To elucidate the linguistic encounters resulting from the Indo-Europeanization process, this volume evaluates the lexical evidence for prehistoric language contact in multiple Indo-European subgroups, at the same time taking a critical stance to approaches that have been applied to this problem in the past.

Der interdisziplinäre Band untersucht den frühmittelalterlichen Wissenstransfer, wie er sich an der Vermischung verschiedener Volkssprachen bzw. Schreibdialekte beobachten lässt. Die Beiträge umfassen dabei Themen von Schreibgewohnheiten und Schreibsituationen in mittelalterlichen Skriptorien über prominente Traditionsstränge altenglischer und althochdeutscher Überlieferung bis hin zu lexikalischen Interferenzen und lexikographischen Aspekten.

The book takes its cue from the topics of PhrasaLex, a workshop dedicated to phraseological approaches to learner’s lexicography which took place for the second time in July 2021 and is connected to the lexicographic project PhraseBase.

Considering the great interest that studies on patterns of meaning have gained in lexicology and lexicography, we not only delve into the more phraseological approach, but broaden our horizon to include further approaches, both established and new, that have as their common thread the identification and analysis of patterns of meaning in their interaction with grammatical patterns. In this way, we present the commonalities of a complex, innovative and partly interdisciplinary strand of research that currently involves disciplines such as theoretical and applied linguistics, corpus linguistics and computational linguistics.

The book provides insights into different theoretical approaches examining the interface between lexis, semantics and grammar, by dealing with methodological advances and issues regarding corpus linguistics explorations and the lexicographic process. A special focus is on the phraseological nature of language as well as on its implication for the design of (learner’s) dictionaries.

This book is an in-depth tutorial on how to make communities work to really improve business performance. It covers principles and proven practices that ensure community success and longevity, provides tips and techniques for leading communities and communities programs that the reader can apply immediately, looks at different types of communities and the technologies that support them, and illustrates communities in practice.

This book presents the most comprehensive coverage of the field of Indo-European Linguistics in a century, focusing on the entire Indo-European family and treating each major branch and most minor languages. The collaborative work of 120 scholars from 22 countries, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics combines the exhaustive coverage of an encyclopedia with the in-depth treatment of individual monographic studies.

This volume provides in-depth exploration of the issues of labeling and roots, with a balance of empirical and conceptual/theoretical analyses. The papers explore key questions that must ultimately be addressed in the development of generative theories: how do theories of labels and roots relate to syntax-internal computation, to semantics, to morphology, and to phonology?

Published in honor of the 85th anniversary of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), 85 Years IFLA: A History and Chronology of Sessions 1927–2012 presents a thorough history of the organization from its 1927 founding through 2012. Supplemented with a bibliography, appendixes, and index, 85 Years IFLA is the definitive guide to the largest international library association in the world, as well as the leading body representing the interests of library and information services and their users today.

Cross-linguistically, motion verbs are frequently involved in language change and feature a wide array of motion-related constructions. The aim of this volume is to grasp more completely the typological characteristics and the developmental potential of motion verbs and to acknowledge the formal and functional diversity of motion-related constructions in Romance languages. To this end, the contributions in this collection provide synchronic and diachronic as well as typologically oriented studies that focus on motion verbs and single- and multi-verb constructions that have received scant attention to date. These include verbal periphrases, (pseudo-/semi-)copula and pseudo-coordinated constructions in Spanish, Italian, Romanian, French and French-based Creoles. In comparison to previous research on Romance languages, the present volume also adopts a broader perspective on language change, taking into account not only grammaticalization processes but also discursive, lexical and pragmatic phenomena such as the development of discursive, quotative or mirative functions. The studies build on functional, usage-based and constructionist models of language change and rely on corpus-based as well as experimental empirical approaches.

Expressing negation is a universal property of all human languages. There is considerable variation, however, in the exact ways negation materializes cross-linguistically. Strict Negative Concord differs both from the Negative Polarity Item strategy and the Asymmetric Negative Concord strategy in that the sentence becomes negative only if the sentence negator is overtly expressed in it, irrespective of how many negative expressions are used.

The central aim of this book is to describe Strict Negative Concord in some Slavic and Finno-Ugric languages. In particular, the volume gives an insight into the forms Strict Negative Concord manifests itself in Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian (Slavic), Finnish, Hungarian, Mari (Finno-Ugric) and the closely related Selkup (Samoyedic) to a wide linguistic community. It aims to create a platform for comparison with similar phenomena in well-described European languages.

This handbook is structured in two parts: it provides, on the one hand, a comprehensive (synchronic) overview of the phonetics and phonology (including prosody) of a breadth of Romance languages and focuses, on the other hand, on central topics of research in Romance segmental and suprasegmental phonology, including comparative and diachronic perspectives.

Phonetics and phonology have always been a core discipline in Romance linguistics: the wide synchronic variety of languages and dialects derived from spoken Latin is extensively explored in numerous corpus and atlas projects, and for quite a few of these varieties there is also more or less ample documentation of at least some of their diachronic stages. This rich empirical database offers excellent testing grounds for different theoretical approaches and allows for substantial insights into phonological structuring as well as into (incipient, ongoing, or concluded) processes of phonological change.

The volume can be read both as a state-of-the-art report of research in the field and as a manual of Romance languages with special emphasis on the key topics of phonetics and phonology.

Many contemporary explanations of conscious human experience, relying either upon neuroscience or appealing to a spiritual soul, fail to provide a complete and coherent theory. These explanations, the author argues, fall short because the underlying explanatory constituent for all experience are not entities, such as the brain or a spiritual soul, but rather relation and the unique way in which human beings form relations. This alternative frontier is developed through examining the phenomenological method of Martin Heidegger and the semiotic theory of Charles S. Peirce. While both of these thinkers independently provide great insight into the difficulty of accounting for human experience, this volume brings these insights into a new complementary synthesis. This synthesis opens new doors for understanding all aspects of conscious human experience, not just those that can be quantified, and without appealing to a mysterious spiritual principle.

Ausführlich dargestellt werden die Verhältnisse der Sprachforschung in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, mit einer Dokumentation der Verfolgten und ins Exil Getriebenen (insgesamt 301 verfolgte Personen) und einer ausführlichen Darstellung der Forschungssituation im „Reich“. Ausgehend von dieser Darstellung wird die Entwicklung der Sprachforschung seit dem 19. Jahrhundert skizziert, bei der sich zeigt, daß diese bis in die Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts von einem kulturanalytischen Fachverständnis bestimmt war. Der Bruch damit in der neueren Entwicklung fällt in Deutschland mit der „Vergangenheitsbewältigung“ nach 1950 zusammen, erweist sich so aber als unabhängig von solchen gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhängen. Die personalen Zusammenhänge der Argumentation werden durch eine Liste der Kurzbiographien zu den im Text erwähnten über 500 Wissenschaftlern erschlossen.

This volume offers theoretically informed surveys of topics that have figured prominently in morphosyntactic and syntactic research into Romance languages and dialects. We define syntax as being the linguistic component that assembles linguistic units, such as roots or functional morphemes, into grammatical sentences, and morphosyntax as being an umbrella term for all morphological relations between these linguistic units, which either trigger morphological marking (e.g. explicit case morphemes) or are related to ordering issues (e.g. subjects precede finite verbs whenever there is number agreement between them). All 24 chapters adopt a comparative perspective on these two fields of research, highlighting cross-linguistic grammatical similarities and differences within the Romance language family. In addition, many chapters address issues related to variation observable within individual Romance languages, and grammatical change from Latin to Romance.

Das Wörterbuch basiert auf einem innovativen Konzept, das unter Heranziehung aktueller Forschungen und Erkenntnisse in der Lexikographie entwickelt wurde und das die Vorzüge von ein- und zweisprachigen Wörterbüchern sowie Lernerwörterbüchern verbindet. Jede Bedeutung eines Wortes wird zunächst genau erklärt und anschließend werden Übersetzungsäquivalente angegeben. Das grammatische Verhalten der Wörter, also ihr Strukturmuster, wird in einer leicht verständlichen Sprache beschrieben. Für jede Wortbedeutung und jedes Strukturmuster gibt es ein Satzbeispiel. Die Satzbeispiele sind jeweils zweisprachig - englisch und deutsch - so dass das nachgeschlagene Wort in seiner Verwendung gezeigt wird und durch die Übersetzung zugleich das Verständnis und das Erlernen gefördert werden. Wichtige sprachlich-kulturelle Unterschiede zwischen dem Englischen und dem Deutschen werden erklärt. Das durchdachte Layout erleichtert den schnellen Zugang zum Dargestellten.

This volume explores and develops the framework of phases (so-called Phase Theory), first introduced in Chomsky (2000). The antecedents of such framework go back to the well-known notion of “cycle”, which concerns broader notions, such as compositionality, locality, and economy conditions. Within generative grammar, this idea of the cycle took a concrete form in the fifties, with Chomsky, Halle, and Lukoff’s (1955) pioneering work on stress, later on extended in Chomsky & Halle (1968), Halle & Vergnaud (1987), and further applied to morpho-phonology (Mascaró 1976 and Kiparski 1982), semantics (Jackendoff 1969), and syntax (Chomsky 1965, 1973). In recent years, several attempts have tried to refine and reformulate the cycle (Freidin 1999, Lasnik 2006, Uriagereka 2011). Such was the goal behind explorations on bounding nodes (Chomsky 1973) and barriers (Chomsky 1986), for which there is substantial empirical evidence showing how computation proceeds in a step-by-step fashion. Much work within minimalism has been devoted to investigate the nature of phases and their relevance for other areas of linguistic inquiry. Although it has been argued that phases have natural correlates at the interfaces, it is still unclear what the defining properties of these domains are, whether they can help us understand language acquisition, language variation, or language evolution. This book aims at addressing these questions, sharpening our understanding about phases and the nature of the Faculty of Language.

Ángel J. Gallego (ed.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

1. Cedric Boeckx, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats / Universitat de Barcelona
2. Zeljko Bošković, University of Connecticut
3. Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
4. Samuel D. Epstein, University of Michigan
5. Wolfram Hinzen, Durham University
6. Hisatsugu Kitahara, Keio University
7. Julie Anne Legate, University of Pennsylvania
8. Hiroki Narita, Waseda Institute for Advanced Study
9. Miki Obata, Mie University
10. Marc D. Richards, University of Frankfurt
11. Ian G. Roberts, University of Cambridge
12. Bridget Samuels, University of Southern California
13. Yosuke Sato, National University of Singapore
14. T. Daniel Seely, Eastern Michigan University
15. Juan Uriagereka, University of Maryland

Based on his extensive experience in international librarianship, Peter Johan Lor, South Africa's first National Librarian and a former Secretary General of the IFLA, has written the first comprehensive and systematic overview of international and comparative librarianship. His book provides a conceptual framework and methodological guidelines for the field and covers the full range of international relations among libraries and information services, with particular attention to the international political economy of information, the international diffusion of innovations and policy in library and information services, LIS development and international aid. It concludes with a discussion of the practical relevance and future of international and comparative studies in LIS. See a short interview with Peter Lor on his work https://www.ifla.org/node/92590

Das Wörterbuch deutscher Präpositionen in ihrer Verwendung als Anschluss an Verben, Substantive, Adjektive und Adverbien schließt eine lexikographische Lücke und ist ein Unikat. Thema sind also die regierten Präpositionen. Es hilft Deutschlernern, aber auch Muttersprachlern, die oft Zweifel haben, mit welcher Präposition ein bestimmtes Wort verbunden wird (stolz auf/über, Abneigung vor/gegen), den richtigen Anschluss zu wählen und zeigt die Verwendungsmöglichkeiten auf. In den deutschen Wörterbüchern sind diese Anschlüsse nur defizitär erfasst.
Das vorliegende Wörterbuch dokumentiert den deutschen Wortschatz in Verbindung mit möglichen präpositionalen Anschlüssen erstmals umfassend, praxisnah und deskriptiv ‑ nicht präskriptiv ‑ anhand von Belegen.
Die umfangreiche Datei des Autors mit Belegen, die er über Jahrzehnte gesammelt hat, sowie die Internetcorpora Leipziger Wortschatz, Digitales Wörterbuch in Berlin und Cosmas II vom Institut für deutsche Sprache in Mannheim bilden die Grundlage des Wörterbuchs. Jeder Wörterbuchartikel enthält mögliche Präpositionen, dazu die Valenzen sowie die Bedeutungsangaben, danach reichlich Belege, die sowohl den Wortinhalt präzisieren als auch mögliche Kollokationen zeigen.
Das Wörterbuch enthält über 5.000 Lemmata mit über 20.000 präpositionalen Anschlüssen.

Heritage language education is a relatively new field developed as "heritage" has become an important trope of belonging, legitimacy and commodification. Many recent studies treat the "heritage language learner" as an objective category. However, it is a social construct, whose meaning is contested by researchers, school administrators and the students themselves. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in 2007-2011 at a weekend Japanese language school in the United States, this monograph investigates the construction of the heritage language learner at the intersections of the knowledge-power complex, ideologies of language and national belonging, and politics of schooling. It examines the ways individuals become, resist and negotiate their new subjectivity as heritage language learners through becoming objects of study, being caught in nationalist aspirations and school politics regarding what to teach to whom, and negotiating with peers with various linguistic proficiency and family backgrounds. The volume proposes a new approach to view the notion of heritage language learner as a site of negotiation regarding the legitimate knowledge of language and ways of belonging, while offering practical suggestions for schools.

This volume explores the continuing relevance of Syntactic Structures to contemporary research in generative syntax. The contributions examine the ideas that changed the way that syntax is studied and that still have a lasting effect on contemporary work in generative syntax. Topics include formal foundations, the syntax-semantics interface, the autonomy of syntax, methods of data analysis, and detailed discussions of the role of transformations. New commentary from Noam Chomsky is included.

It is commonly believed that some approaches of structural semiotics, narratology and cognitive science have not yet succeeded in constructing a complete and coherent theory of literary character. The author argues that the primary explanation of the failure is the artificial separation between characters and their actions. One of the chief implications of such separation is treating characters in terms of structures, agents, actants, functions, roles, and signs, which obviously mean that actions can hardly be explained as intended, motivated, performed and experienced. Survival, as a motivation-based concept, is one of the key concepts making the separation between character and action something impossible. Humans in literary narratives search for survival as an aware process of knowing and meaning making. Meaning in literary narratives can be produced by heroizability, which treats literary characters as living anthroposemiotic entities aware of their natural motivation to achieve in order to survive and produce meanings of their survival. As such, characters in literary narratives have active cognitions, and their cognitive activities remain meaningless without a process of semiosis. Applying Anthroposemiotic theory with Modeling System Theory, heroizability provides methodical tools to explain how the narrative text is represented and, thus, how it is to be interpreted properly by the reader not only to find, but also to make meaning in narrative world.

Both compounds and multi-word expressions are complex lexical units, made up of at least two constituents. The most basic difference is that the former are morphological objects and the latter result from syntactic processes. However, the exact demarcation between compounds and multi-word expressions differs greatly from language to language and is often a matter of debate in and across languages. Similarly debated is whether and how these two different kinds of units complement or compete with each other.

The volume presents an overview of compounds and multi-word expressions in a variety of European languages. Central questions that are discussed for each language concern the formal distinction between compounds and multi-word expressions, their formation and their status in lexicon and grammar.

The volume contains chapters on German, English, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish, Greek, Russian, Polish, Finnish, and Hungarian as well as a contrastive overview with a focus on German. It brings together insights from word-formation theory, phraseology and theory of grammar and aims to contribute to the understanding of the lexicon, both from a language-specific and cross-linguistic perspective.

In this volume, leading scholars from the fields of communication, educational psychology, and international education address what is known about the strategic role of interpersonal communication in the teaching/learning process. Instruction often involves spoken communication that carries information from teacher to learner, and in these instances the teacher's skillful and strategic use of language has a measurable impact on learning outcomes. Thus, the cumulative findings of instructional communication research are instrumental in maximizing the efficiency and effectiveness of both teaching and learning. Major sections of this volume include:

• Historical and Theoretical Foundations
• Instructor Characteristics and Behaviors
• Student Characteristics and Outcomes
• Pedagogy and Classroom Management
• Teaching and Learning Communication Across the Life-span

This handbook serves researchers, professors, and graduate students by surveying the collective findings of research and experience concerning the intentional activity of teaching and learning.

The computational approach of this book is aimed at simulating the human ability to understand various kinds of phrases with a novel metaphoric component. That is, interpretations of metaphor as literal paraphrases are based on literal meanings of the metaphorically used words. This method distinguishes itself from statistical approaches, which in general do not account for novel usages, and from efforts directed at metaphor constrained to one type of phrase or to a single topic domain.

The more interesting and novel metaphors appear to be based on concepts generally represented as nouns, since such concepts can be understood from a variety of perspectives. The core of the process of interpreting nominal concepts is to represent them in such a way that readers or hearers can infer which aspect(s) of the nominal concept is likely to be intended to be applied to its interpretation. These aspects are defined in terms of verbal and adjectival predicates. A section on the representation and processing of part-sentence verbal metaphor will therefore also serve as preparation for the representation of salient aspects of metaphorically used nouns.

As the ability to process metaphorically used verbs and nouns facilitates the interpretation of more complex tropes, computational analysis of two other kinds of metaphorically based expressions are outlined: metaphoric compound nouns, such as "idea factory" and, together with the representation of inferences, modified metaphoric idioms, such as "Put the cat back into the bag".

The book is the first substantial description of Tundra Nenets, a highly endangered Uralic language spoken in Western Siberia and the north of European Russia, destined for the international linguistic community. Its purpose is to provide a thorough documentation of all of the major grammatical phenomena in the language. The grammar particularly emphasizes the description of syntax, because this has traditionally been a very neglected area of Nenets studies. Many syntactic aspects have not received a systematic treatment in the existing literature or have not been addressed at all. Since the existing works are not easily available, incomplete, or idiosyncratically presented, Tundra Nenets syntax has played little or no role in the considerations of modern linguists, whether more descriptively or theoretically inclined. The book is largely descriptive: it is not intended to address theoretical questions per se and the description is not meant to be formulated within a particular framework. However, it identifies and discusses issues which are of broad typological and theoretical interest. The description is richly exemplified. Most of the cited examples are the result of fieldwork conducted by the in various locations. They are sentences produced by native speakers either spontaneously or elicited in response to questions posed in Russian. Other examples are excerpts from original texts.

The ability to compare is fundamental to human cognition. Expressing various types of comparison is thus essential to any language. The present volume presents detailed grammatical descriptions of how comparison and gradation are expressed in ancient Indo-European languages. The detailed chapters devoted to the individual languages go far beyond standard handbook knowledge. Each chapter is structured the same way to facilitate cross-reference and (typological) comparison. The data are presented in a top-down fashion and in a format easily accessible to the linguistic community.
The topics covered are similatives, equatives, comparatives, superlatives, elatives, and excessives. Each type of comparison is illustrated with glossed examples of all its attested grammatical realizations.
The book is an indispensable tool for typologists, historical linguists, and students of the syntax and morphosyntax of comparison.

Bridging the gap between research and practice communities is more pertinent than ever because of the need for evidence in developing and evaluating library services and programs. The gap between research and library practice has been discussed in the library and information science (LIS) field for almost two decades. The issues range from limited transfer of ideas from research into practice to a lack of education in research methods for library practitioners. This book introduces new voices from international research and practice communities into the discussion and contributes to the debate about the research-practice divide.

Education and continuing training in research methods from international perspectives are explored and the experiences of researcher-practitioners from several countries highlight the issues. The volume includes chapters from LIS educators, academic researchers, and researcher-practitioners from 18 countries. It features the voices of instructors who teach research methods in LIS programs and library practitioners who engage in research. The book is addressed to the global audience of LIS educators and practitioners, with the goal of deepening the understanding of LIS education and training in research methods through sharing case studies and approaches to teaching and conducting research in practice.

A linguistic and historical study of the Manchu script in the early modern world

Manchu was a language first written down as part of the Qing state-building project in Northeast Asia in the early seventeenth century. After the Qing invasion of China in 1644, and for the next two and a half centuries, Manchu was the language of state in one of the early modern world's great powers. Its prominence and novelty attracted the interest of not only Chinese literati but also foreign scholars. Yet scholars in Europe and Japan, and occasionally even within China itself, were compelled to study the language without access to a native speaker. Jesuit missionaries in Beijing sent Chinese books on Manchu to Europe, where scholars struggled to represent it in an alphabet compatible with Western pedagogy and printing technology. In southern China, meanwhile, an isolated phonologist with access to Jesuit books relied on expositions of the Roman alphabet to make sense of the Manchu script. When Chinese textbooks and dictionaries of Manchu eventually reached Japan, scholars there used their knowledge of Dutch to understand Manchu.

In The Early Modern Travels of Manchu, Mårten Söderblom Saarela focuses on outsiders both within and beyond the Qing empire who had little interaction with Manchu speakers but took an interest in the strange, new language of a rising world power. He shows how—through observation, inference, and reference to received ideas on language and writing—intellectuals in southern China, Russia, France, Chosŏn Korea, and Tokugawa Japan deciphered the Manchu script and explores the uses to which it was put for recording sounds and arranging words.

This book explores the role of the teacher in dual language bilingual education (DLBE) implementation in a time of nationwide program expansion, in large part due to new and unprecedented top-down initiatives at state and district level. The book provides case studies of DLBE teachers who: (a) implemented the DLBE model with fidelity; (b) struggled to implement the DLBE model; and (c) adapted the DLBE model to meet the needs of their local classroom context. The book demonstrates the way teachers as language policymakers navigate and interpret district-wide DLBE implementation and the tensions that surface through this process. The research, conducted over four years using a variety of methods, highlights the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers implementing DLBE, and will be of interest to both teachers and administrators of DLBE programs as well as scholars working in bilingual education.

American novelists and poets who came of age in the early twentieth century were taught to avoid journalism "like wet sox and gin before breakfast." It dulled creativity, rewarded sensationalist content, and stole time from "serious" writing. Yet Willa Cather, W. E. B. Du Bois, Jessie Fauset, James Agee, T. S. Eliot, and Ernest Hemingway all worked in the editorial offices of groundbreaking popular magazines and helped to invent the house styles that defined McClure's, The Crisis, Time, Life, Esquire, and others. On Company Time tells the story of American modernism from inside the offices and on the pages of the most successful and stylish magazines of the twentieth century. Working across the borders of media history, the sociology of literature, print culture, and literary studies, Donal Harris draws out the profound institutional, economic, and aesthetic affiliations between modernism and American magazine culture.

Starting in the 1890s, a growing number of writers found steady paychecks and regular publishing opportunities as editors and reporters at big magazines. Often privileging innovative style over late-breaking content, these magazines prized novelists and poets for their innovation and attention to literary craft. In recounting this history, On Company Time challenges the narrative of decline that often accompanies modernism's incorporation into midcentury middlebrow culture. Its integrated account of literary and journalistic form shows American modernism evolving within as opposed to against mass print culture. Harris's work also provides an understanding of modernism that extends beyond narratives centered on little magazines and other "institutions of modernism" that served narrow audiences. And for the writers, the "double life" of working for these magazines shaped modernism's literary form and created new models of authorship.

Offers the most comprehensive national study of community and heritage language schools.

Community/heritage language schools exist across the world, and yet little is known of the languages they teach, how they are organised and what students learn. Teachers in mainstream schools are generally unaware of the language and cultural knowledge their students are gaining from these schools. This book provides an overview of this educational sector and crucially how it interacts with mainstream education.

Students of all ages describe what they think of the schools, how language learning impacts on their senses of self and their attitudes to their cultures and languages, and the role of their languages in everyday life. Teachers share their experiences, perceptions and practices. Parents and grandparents report the importance of community/heritage language schools for families, communities and broader society.

The book offers both an in-depth study of this type of education in New South Wales, Australia, and insights that will be of use in language education across the world.

Recent trends in the advancement of technology, in processes and systems enable humankind to undergo a lot of challenges in upgrading their skills and systems in the information world. One needs to quickly understand these robust changes and adopt them in their work environment to keep pace with the requirements of the users catered to the value-added library services.

Thus, the book is aimed to explore such recent trends, tools and technological implementation along with its adaptability of the library systems to help the library and knowledge management practitioners.

Knowledge, Reading and Culture: Studies in Information Practice is an interdisciplinary inquiry focusing on four decades of work by the South African information scientist, Emeritus Professor Archie Dick. The edited volume brings together library, information and history specialists to engage with a number of Professor Dick’s areas of research focus: the culture and philosophy of information (especially with regard to questions of epistemology); information freedom (how censorship and media concentration affects political agency); reading and publishing cultures (especially in colonial and postcolonial contexts) and focuses on how these affect information education for diverse, multicultural and cosmopolitan communities. How our understanding of true belief is justified at the level of classification, indexation, curation and publishing have become significant issues in the transition to digital environments. This work seeks to harness a range of insights relating to the modes of knowledge representation in information spaces and to uncover how these impact globally significant repertoires of agency, with a special focus on how the mediation of reading and access to public knowledge is both a site of resistance and appropriation.

This book publication focuses on changing information and reference services across international academic libraries in the post-pandemic era. The scope of the book aims at four main themes: addressing the user experience, tracking user journeys, marketing and outreach efforts, and user-centered learning and reference services. This includes topics such as: student reading habits, student/faculty survey results, assessment of services, the one-stop shop service model, the library website, the visibility of library services, the impact of social media and mobile technologies, the organization, education and staffing of reference and information services, changing practices, modalities, and platforms for instruction and research services, etc.

Expands empirical research on peer collaboration and the potential benefits it may bring to learners.

This book highlights the role of peer interaction in the foreign/second language classroom and offers a broad and nuanced exploration of the different factors and contexts that mediate its effect on target language use and development.

The chapters focus on different age and proficiency groups (young learners, adolescents, adults), different instruction and task characteristics (face-to-face and computer-mediated instruction, pre-task instruction, proficiency pairing) and a variety of outcomes (fluency, accuracy, language related episodes, grammatical knowledge, foreign language anxiety and affect, collaborative patterns and perceptions).

Together they highlight the importance of interaction and collaboration among peers in the foreign language classroom to foster learners’ communicative abilities and to maximise language development and affect.

This book provides a comprehensive and comparative overview of current research and desiderata related to the use of gender-inclusive language across 14 major European languages. It also addresses minority languages and foreign language teaching. Methodologically, the book innovatively bridges Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Multilingual Communication, Translation Studies, Modern Languages, and Psychology. It has the potential to become essential reading for researchers and educators in Linguistics, Translation, Modern Language Studies, and Applied Linguistics, as well as for policymakers and language professionals navigating the challenges of inclusive communication in a multilingual world.

This is an edited collection of sustainability efforts in academic libraries, partnering with various types of institutions and organizations, including libraries from higher education that are public or private, research universities, degree-awarding or vocational, among others. This volume includes research, case studies, and reflective narratives from academic libraries and their collaborations working with varied partners toward operationalizing the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This collection offers valuable insight into how academic library partnerships, both direct and indirect, contribute to sustainability efforts, with a focus on social equity, economic feasibility, and environmental stewardship to nurture community resilience. Structured into five sections, it highlights the global impact of academic libraries and their partners in adopting and implementing the SDGs to drive social change. These sections specifically explore how libraries are: serving the mission of higher education, extending education to sustainable cities, becoming embedded in communities, forming partnerships for greater impact, and achieving cross-cutting impacts across various initiatives.

These insightful chapters include innovative strategies and global perspectives on some of the cutting-edge work initiated and/or led by academic libraries to build sustainable and resilient communities, through collaborative ventures and out-of-the-box partnerships.

Demonstrates the importance of embracing inclusivity and diversity in order to improve the teaching and learning of English.

This book addresses the twin themes of diversity and inclusivity in classrooms where English is taught as a foreign, second, additional or international language. The chapters cover theory, empirical research, and practice in order to support researchers, teacher educators, teachers, policymakers and materials developers who wish to make English language education more effective, inclusive and innovative.

The chapters explore a wide range of international contexts and a variety of educational contexts, and address issues including power structures, learner positionality, decolonised English standards, neurodiversity, marginalised silence, student agency in curriculum reform, task design for all learners, and collaboration drawing on diversity as a resource. The book offers an unusually intricate picture of issues that are at the forefront of the minds of educators around the world.

Dieser Band bietet eine korpuslinguistische Untersuchung und Beschreibung aller zwölf Interpunktionszeichen des Deutschen. Dabei wurden die genauen Fragestellungen für die jeweiligen Zeichen angepasst – die Anpassung kann durch einen neuen, veränderten Forschungsstand oder durch das jeweilige Zeichen selbst begründet sein. Die meisten Interpunktionszeichen werden in Zeitungskorpora beschrieben, wobei es immer zunächst um eine Bestandsaufnahme geht. Diese wird sowohl formal beschrieben als auch funktional gedeutet. Im Allgemeinen wird der Annahme Bredels gefolgt, dass Interpunktionszeichen eindeutig, konsistent und diskret seien. Die Funktion des jeweiligen Interpunktionszeichens muss also so beschrieben werden, dass dies erfüllt ist.

Damit wird ein nächster Schritt für die Interpunktionsforschung beschrieben; Thesen werden empirisch untermauert. Erstaunlicherweise ist sprachwissenschaftlich über Interpunktionszeichen ziemlich wenig bekannt, gemessen daran, dass wir sie täglich produzieren, rezipieren und im Zweifel auch regulieren.

Die Graphematik wird hier weiter als Disziplin gefestigt: Da die Regeln erstens häufig (zu recht) unspezifisch sind und zweitens oftmals gar nicht bekannt, scheint hier Graphematik des Standarddeutschen ohne Orthographie möglich.

Das Streben nach Anschaulichkeit und evidenter Darstellung prägt nicht nur die aktuelle Präsentationskultur, sondern erstreckt sich längst auf weite Bereiche von Medien, Kultur, Wirtschaft und Bildung. Vor diesem Hintergrund erkundet „Medien der Anschaulichkeit“ die traditionelle rhetorische Kategorie der Evidenz in interdisziplinärer und anwendungsbezogener Perspektive anhand vielfältiger Falluntersuchungen.

Wie lässt sich Erkenntnis anschaulich vermitteln? Welche sprachlichen und visuellen Techniken zur evidenten Darstellung von Wissen gibt es – und wie beeinflussen moderne digitale Medien die Möglichkeiten zur Erzeugung von Evidenz? In der Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Fragen liefert der Band eine Neuverortung des Phänomens der Evidenz im Kontext von Rhetorik, Medien und Wissenskommunikation. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf medialen und methodisch-praxisbezogenen Aspekten, darunter die Rolle evidenter Darstellung in Schule und Wissenschaft.

Die Aufsatzsammlung ist eng verbunden mit dem Band „Rhetorik und Ästhetik der Evidenz“, der einen stärkeren Schwerpunkt auf sprachliche Evidenzphänomene und theoretische Grundlagenbetrachtungen zur Thematik legt.

Equips readers to develop an intelligibility-oriented approach to pronunciation teaching suitable for any second/foreign language or Global Englishes setting. 

This book offers principled guidance for practitioners and researchers on developing a feature-based approach to teaching English pronunciation, with a focus on intelligibility within communicative contexts. Using Hong Kong English as a case study, it allows teachers and students to critically explore English intelligibility in their own sociolinguistic and educational contexts and question the perceived importance of native speaker pronunciation. The book examines curricula, assessments, teaching materials, teacher perceptions, pronunciation teaching strategies and corrective feedback practices, and develops a contextualised approach to pronunciation teaching that prioritises key features affecting understanding, particularly in World Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca settings. Discussion and inquiry tasks in each chapter make this ideal for trainee teachers and teacher educators, while researchers will find valuable tools to explore intelligibility-oriented approaches in diverse contexts.

For nearly two thousand years, Hebrew belonged to the realm of the sacred. A written liturgical language used primarily by rabbis and scholars, it was not spoken in everyday contexts. A revival process in the late nineteenth century brought Hebrew back into daily use, adapting sacred texts as the foundations for a new vernacular. A “mother tongue” emerged.

Keren Mock provides a strikingly original multidisciplinary account of this transformation of Hebrew from an ancient sacred tongue to a secular spoken language. Bringing together psychoanalytic, semiotic, and comparative-literature perspectives, she provides deep insight into key moments in this history. Drawing on extensive, revealing interviews, Mock offers critical readings of two major Israeli authors, Aharon Appelfeld and Sami Michael, focusing on their struggles to write in Hebrew as immigrants. She delves into the archives of the lexicographer Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, the creator of an all-embracing dictionary of ancient and modern Hebrew, and considers Baruch Spinoza’s little-known Hebrew grammar in light of his philosophical works. In reflecting on the making and meaning of a mother tongue, Mock addresses questions of memory and forgetting, mourning and restitution, and the sacred and the secular. Through the exceptional history of Hebrew, this book uncovers the workings of language in the social and psychological realms.

Hebrew features forewords by Pierre-Marc de Biasi, an artist and scholar of literature, and Julia Kristeva, a renowned psychoanalyst, philosopher, and linguist, speaking to the significance of the book.

Die Auswirkungen von Computer und Internet auf Kommunikationsformen und Sprachverwendung sind gegenwärtig bei weitem noch nicht so überschaubar wie die sprachlich-kommunikative Aneignung und Nutzung älterer technischer Medien wie Telefon, Rundfunk und Fernsehen, Tonband- und Videotechnik.

Die Beiträge des Bandes beschreiben und reflektieren die Auswirkungen der neuen elektronischen Medien unter drei Perspektiven:

1. Mediengeschichte und Medientheorie, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen Sprache und Medien sowie zwischen den verschiedenen medialen Formen im Zentrum steht.
2. Wandel von Sprache und Kommunikationsformen im Gebrauch neuer Medien, vom Reden über und mit dem Computer über Sprach- und Kommunikationsformen im Internet, in computervermittelten Arbeitsgruppen und Videokonferenzen bis zur Struktur von Hypertext.
3. Neue Medien als Arbeitsinstrument der Linguistik von der Datenaufnahme bis zur Ergebnispräsentation und dem wissenschaftlichen Service gegenüber einer breiteren Öffentlichkeit.

Johann Friedrich Cotta (1764--1832) ist der bedeutendste Verleger der Goethezeit. In nur wenigen Jahren machte er seinen Verlag mit Autoren wie Goethe, Schiller, Hölderlin, Jean Paul, Herder, Varnhagen von Ense, Alexander von Humboldt, Fichte, Schelling oder Hegel zum führenden Verlag der deutschen "Nationalliteratur" und zum größten Universalverlag seiner Zeit. Zum ersten Mal wird nun die Entwicklung des Cotta-Verlags unter seiner Leitung in einer Bibliographie erschlossen. In insgesamt 2.246 Einträgen ist hier jede Ausgabe oder Auflage eines bei Cotta erschienenen Werks verzeichnet.

Die Bibliographie wurde 2006 von der International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB) anlässlich der alle vier Jahre stattfindenden Vergabe des ILAB Prize for Bibliography mit einer "Honourable Mention" ausgezeichnet.

Die Cotta-Verlagsbibliographie erhielt auch den 10. ANTIQUARIA-Preis für Buchkultur 2004.

Das Sigelverzeichnis für die Bibliotheken der Bundesrepublik Deutschland weist in seiner 14. Ausgabe die Sigel von ca. 2.700 deutschen Bibliotheken nach. Von den Hochschulbibliotheken wurden in der Regel nur die Zentral- oder Hauptbibliotheken, nicht dagegen die Fakultäts-, Bereichs- oder Institutsbibliotheken aufgenommen. Von den Sigeln aufgelöster Bibliotheken wird auf andere Bibliotheken verwiesen. Außer dem Sigel und dem Namen der sigelführenden Bibliothek werden angegeben: die Adresse mit ggf. abweichender Postanschrift, Telefon, Fax, E-Mail, URL sowie Leihverkehrsinformationen.

Das Sigelverzeichnis ist wie folgt gegliedert:

- REGISTER DER ORTSKENNUNGEN: Auflösung des Buchstabenteils der Sigel

- ZAHLENSIGEL: Liste der Bibliotheken mit Zahlensigeln, geordnet nach den Sigeln

- SIGELORTE: Liste sämtlicher sigeltragenden Bibliotheken. Die Bibliotheken sind geordnet zunächst nach dem Alphabet der Orte, in denen die Bibliotheken ihren Sitz haben, dann innerhalb der Orte nach den Sigeln

- DEUTSCHE BIBLIOTHEKEN IM AUSLAND - VIRTUELLE BIBLIOTHEKEN

Das Lexikon erläutert auf aktuellem Stand alle wichtigen Fachausdrücke aus den Bereichen Buchkunde, Bibliothekswesen, Information und Dokumentation sowie aus dem Bereich der "Neuen Medien". Die erste Ausgabe wurde aktualisiert und um die zwischenzeitlich eingetretenen Entwicklungen insbesondere in den "Neuen Medien" erheblich erweitert. Dies betrifft vor allem die Bereiche Internet, automatische Verfahren der Indexierung, des Abstracting u. ä. sowie elektronische Entwicklungen im Bibliothekswesen, wie z. B. Virtuelle Bibliothek und digitale Bibliothek. Das Lexikon ist eine wertvolle Einführung und zugleich ein Lehr- und Handbuch für Bibliothekare, Dokumentare und Informationswissenschaftler.

Der Vertrieb spielt bei Tageszeitungen und Publikumszeitschriften in den letzten Jahren eine immer größere Rolle. Die anhaltende Kaufzurückhaltung der Leser, Absatzrückgänge, Einbrüche bei den Werbeeinnahmen und der Verlust der Rubrikanzeigen an das Internet sind Krisensymptome. Dies zwingt die Verlage zur Optimierung betrieblicher Prozesse. Nicht zuletzt die wachsende Konkurrenz mit den elektronischen Medien und zwischen den Verlagen führt dazu, dass der Vertrieb eine immer größere Bedeutung für den Unternehmenserfolg bekommt. Peter Brummund, selbst lange Jahre in führender Stellung in der Branche tätig, greift diese betriebswirtschaftlichen Aspekte des Pressewesens auf.

In Anlehnung an die praktischen Bedürfnisse des Fachpublikums fasst der Autor die Absatz- und Vertriebsstrukturen des Pressewesens zusammen: die "klassischen" und die neuen Absatzwege, die durch neuartige Technologien wie das Internet, den Digitaldruck oder die Satellitenübertragung entstanden sind. Die verschiedenen Absatzwege über Abonnements, Einzelverkauf, Lesezirkel und Direktvertrieb werden ausführlich erläutert, ebenso die elementaren Mechanismen wie Disposition, Remission, Preisbindungen und Rabatte. Die Funktionsweise von Presse-Grossos wird mit den allgemeinen technischen und rechtlichen Bedingungen dargestellt und durch konkrete Fallstudien ergänzt.

Ein langjähriges Forschungsprojekt ermöglichte dieses grundlegende historiographische Hilfsmittel, in dem erstmals bisher weit verstreute oder unbekannte Materialien zu rund 1600 Autoren, die von 1700 bis 1800 zu sprachwissenschaftlichen Themen im deutschsprachigen Raum publiziert haben, in einem Werk konzentriert sind. Die einzelnen Artikel bestehen aus kurzen Biographien und Bibliographien mit detaillierter Dokumentation der Titelgebung, internen Gliederung und Auflagengeschichte, den Schwerpunkt bilden jedoch die Beschreibungen der ca. 8000 sorgfältig recherchierten und autopsierten Arbeiten aller Autoren. Eine kommentierte Spezialbibliographie, ein Gesamtindex der Autoren und Anhänge zu ausgesonderten oder nur vermutlich relevanten Autoren vervollkommnen ein 'Jahrhundertwerk', das eine Epoche vom Dictum des 'Übergangs' befreit und als eine Zeit eigenständigen, vielfältigen und problembewußten sprachwissenschaftlichen Schaffens erweist. - Insgesamt 8 Bände, bereits erschienen sind die Bände 1-6.

Die vorliegende Festschrift vereinigt Beiträge aus dem Kollegen- und Freundeskreis des Jubilars zu dessen zentralen Forschungsgebieten. Die thematische Breite der Aufsätze steht im Einklang mit den vielfältigen Forschungsinteressen Gottfried Koldes, der sich mit grundlegenden Publikationen vor allem zur Nominaldetermination und zur Soziolinguistik einen Namen gemacht hat. Die Beiträge in deutscher, französischer, englischer und italienischer Sprache spiegeln die Offenheit des Jubilars über enge germanistische Fachgrenzen hinweg und sein Interesse für Fragen des Sprachkontakts.

Der Leser erhält in diesem Band (einem Auszug aus den Bänden 7 und 8 des »Historischen Wörterbuchs der Rhetorik«) das grundlegende Wissen zum Begriff, zur Methodik und Geschichte der europäischen Rhetorik, zur Entwicklung des Faches bis heute und zum Bestand analoger Lehren in außereuropäischen Kulturen. In dieser Breite und bei gleichzeitiger Konzentration auf das kategorial Wesentliche der Rhetorik gibt es nichts Entsprechendes in der Fachliteratur, deren modernster Stand hier außerdem interdisziplinär präsentiert wird: ein profundes Nachschlagewerk für Lehre und Forschung, Schule und Praxis. Diese Sonderausgabe umfasst die Artikel "Rhetorik", "Rhetorik, angewandte", "Rhetorik, außereuropäische", "Rhetorikikonographie", "Rhetorische Anthropologie", "Rhetorische Rechtstheorie" und "Rhetorizität" sowie einen Sachindex und ein Namenregister. Der Artikel "Rhetorik" wurde dem »Historischen Wörterbuch der Rhetorik«, Band 7 (2005) entnommen. Bei den übrigen Artikeln "Rhetorik, angewandte" bis "Rhetorizität" handelt es sich um einen Vorabdruck aus Band 8 des »Historischen Wörterbuchs der Rhetorik«.

The study examines the evolution and linguistic history of some 165 Italian terms for different vines and wines. Proceeding on the assumption that the culture-historical significance of wines and vines is only poorly reflected both in the vocabulary of standard Italian and of many Italian dialects, the author draws on a broad variety of sources to substantiate the existence of these proper names as far back as the 12th century and proceeds contextually in proposing etymologies hitherto either unknown or considered uncertain. The description of the historical development of these terms demonstrates that a number of proper names is still restricted to specific idioms and that it is both necessary and desirable for this sub-lexicon to be integrated more firmly if this legacy is not to be lost for good in the medium term. The corpus the study is based on is also designed as an encouragement and potential basis for a comprehensive description of wine and vine names in Italian.

Der Sammelband erinnert zum einen an die Quellen des Faches Deutsch als Fremdsprache und zum anderen an den, der diese maßgeblich gespeist hat: Gerhard Helbig. Das vorliegende Werk vereint 21 Beiträge von Fachwissenschaftlern des Deutschen als Fremdsprache, Germanisten und Linguisten aus dem In- und Ausland, zu den folgenden Themenkreisen, die sich im engeren bzw. weiteren Sinne um die Leitlinien des Schaffens von Gerhard Helbig ranken: (Lerner-)Grammatik, Fragen der Valenz und Distribution sowie der Wortklassenzuordnung, Wortbildung, (Lerner-)Lexikographie/Phraseographie, Textsortenspezifika, Phonetik/Phonologie, Orthographie, Spracherwerb.

The regular Historical Linguistics Round Table looks at the transformation of Latin into the Romance languages and its theoretical consequences. The second meeting discussed the specific and exemplary case of the language history of the Italian peninsula and the linguistic and extra-linguistic processes determining the emergence of Italian and its dialect forms. The papers and the final discussion demonstrate not only the joint interest of the participants in this type of research but also the richness and diversity of methods, approaches and findings. The result is a panorama of fundamental issues in language change, which can confidently be expected to provide a stimulus and a point of departure for further studies of this kind.

Der Band ist ein Beitrag zur Geschichte von Kommunikationsformen, einem neueren Zweig der historischen Pragmatik. Die Autoren sind Germanisten, Anglisten, Romanisten, Didaktiker und Psychologen. Mit Schwerpunkten in drei historischen Perioden (Mittelalter, 17. und 20. Jahrhundert) und bezogen auf verschiedene Sprachen (Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch, Spanisch) befassen sich die Beiträge mit Tradition und Innovation in Kommunikationsformen des Erzählens, Informierens, Werbens, Lehrens und Lernens. Themen des Bandes sind: mittelalterliche Dialogdarstellungen und Reisebeschreibungen, Formen der Information und des Infotainments in neuen Medien des 17. Jahrhunderts (den ersten deutschen Zeitungen und den Straßenballaden der englischen Revolutionszeit 1640-1650). In unser Jahrhundert führen die Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung der französischen Autowerbung (Text und Bild) in den letzten 100 Jahren und zur Entwicklung der Fernsehkommentare in Deutschland seit den 60er Jahren. Einen weiteren Schwerpunkt bilden die neuesten Entwicklungen der digitalen Medien. Hier zeigt sich besonders deutlich, wie mediale Innovationen neue Möglichkeiten der Kommunikation eröffnen, dabei aber immer gleichzeitig auch neue kommunikative und sprachliche Aufgaben und Probleme stellen, die von Produzenten und Nutzern oft erst allmählich und in kleinen Schritten bewältigt werden. Bemerkenswerte Veränderungen der Kommunikationsformen ermöglicht die Nutzung neuer Medien im Bereich des Lehrens und Lernens, der in diesem Band anhand von Beispielen aus dem akademischen Unterricht und dem Fremdsprachenunterricht an Schule und Hochschule behandelt wird.