Multilingual Matters

The first examination of the sociolinguistic, identity, and educational experiences of Indigenous Mexican youths.

This book uncovers the social and educational experiences of an increasing yet understudied population of young immigrants in the US, focusing on multilingual students who speak one of three Indigenous languages: Zapotec, Mixtec and P’urhépecha. It explores students’ ethnoracial identities, Indigenous language use and transnational practices and the influence of these factors on school adjustment, academic achievement and educational pathways.

This three-year mixed-methods study in semi-urban, urban and rural contexts assesses student interviews, teacher interviews and survey data to provide an account of how Indigenous students develop their social identities and examines the influence of their non-Indigenous Mexican peers and teachers. It highlights new developments in Latinx cultural and linguistic heterogeneity and intragroup race/ethnic relations, informing policymakers and educators about Indigenous immigrant students and how to effectively support their multilingualism, ethnic identity development and educational success.

It will be of interest to researchers working in related fields such as education, Latin American studies and immigration studies.

This book explores the role of the teacher in dual language bilingual education (DLBE) implementation in a time of nationwide program expansion, in large part due to new and unprecedented top-down initiatives at state and district level. The book provides case studies of DLBE teachers who: (a) implemented the DLBE model with fidelity; (b) struggled to implement the DLBE model; and (c) adapted the DLBE model to meet the needs of their local classroom context. The book demonstrates the way teachers as language policymakers navigate and interpret district-wide DLBE implementation and the tensions that surface through this process. The research, conducted over four years using a variety of methods, highlights the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers implementing DLBE, and will be of interest to both teachers and administrators of DLBE programs as well as scholars working in bilingual education.

The first dual language instruction book to focus on a non-alphabetical language, Mandarin Chinese.

This book discusses multiple aspects of Chinese dual language immersion (DLI) programs, with a focus on the controversial Utah model. The first part of the book focuses on the parents, teachers, and school administrators. It looks at the perceptions of the three groups toward the Utah model, how they build a supportive DLI classroom with an emphasis on teacher–teacher and teacher–parent communication, and how the teachers position themselves in teaching through their teacher identities.

The second part of the book emphasizes classroom research and explores teaching and learning strategies, corrective feedback and learner uptake and repair, translanguaging in authentic teacher–student interaction, and Chinese-character teaching.

As the first DLI book to include a non-alphabetical language, Chinese, it addresses the need for more research on DLI programs of languages other than Spanish. The book will benefit not only Chinese DLI educators and administrators in the US, but will also offer some useful suggestions and thoughts to educators and administrators of similar programs worldwide.

Offers the most comprehensive national study of community and heritage language schools.

Community/heritage language schools exist across the world, and yet little is known of the languages they teach, how they are organised and what students learn. Teachers in mainstream schools are generally unaware of the language and cultural knowledge their students are gaining from these schools. This book provides an overview of this educational sector and crucially how it interacts with mainstream education.

Students of all ages describe what they think of the schools, how language learning impacts on their senses of self and their attitudes to their cultures and languages, and the role of their languages in everyday life. Teachers share their experiences, perceptions and practices. Parents and grandparents report the importance of community/heritage language schools for families, communities and broader society.

The book offers both an in-depth study of this type of education in New South Wales, Australia, and insights that will be of use in language education across the world.

Presents a situated, ethnographically grounded, sociolinguistic critique of politics of difference and inequality in contemporary Central Europe.

This book explores the construction of ‘languaged’ and professional subjectivities in the context of refugee support work in Austria. It presents ethnographic insights into how language and linguistic practice come to matter both as part of a migration infrastructure in transformation, and in the efforts within a particular institution to reinvent itself as it struggles for survival in the context of shrinking public and state support for refugee provision.

The author focuses on how transformation processes play out in counsellors’ and volunteer interpreters’ conceptions of themselves as professionals and speaking subjects when confronted with the political and ethical dilemmas of an increasingly precarised work context. It becomes clear that language, while being central to the services offered, remains a sign of Otherness in a ‘languaged’ instutional order.

Challenges simplified discourses that describe Chinese as the next global language.

This book analyzes the multilingual and multidialectal practices of Chinese Americans in Los Angeles, a city with a Chinese diasporic population of around 500,000. It describes the contact between different Chineses in a diasporic setting, illustrating how non-Putonghua features are made use of to form distinct identities and speech communities. It demonstrates that localized conceptions of 'Chineseness' hold greater sociolinguistic significance than the transnational narratives of a unified global Chinese. The author argues that a homogeneous global Chinese is unlikely to arise as, analogous to ‘World Englishes’, different degrees of divergence are found in Chineses around the world. This book will appeal to scholars interested in Chinese language variation, translanguaging practices, language ideology and identity.

An impressive work, both methodologically and theoretically, which brings clear novelties to the flourishing field of language teacher identity research.

This book aims to disrupt the native-speaker/non-native-speaker binary through a study of the construction of English teacher identities in Japan. The book suggests that macro discourses in the Japanese context, as well as institutional processes, are powerful forces in perpetuating native-speakerist discourses and ascribing identity labels.

However, in self-identification and in interactions with students, the results are found to be more nuanced, with a complex picture of identity construction emerging that questions the binary nature of the “native speaker/non-native speaker” duality. This complexity rests on the intersectional nature of identity construction and highlights the importance of taking into account the intersectionality of a variety of identity markers when researching language teacher identity.

Identifies diverse language uses in sociolinguistically underexplored formal domains of education in South Asia.

This book presents empirical research from a wide range of South Asian contexts, in order to develop critical understandings of the intricate relationships between translingual practices, language education, social justice and equity. The chapters explore the feasibility, acceptance and prospects of translingual practices as meaningful communication and pedagogic practices in South Asian English language classrooms.

The authors identify diverse language uses in sociolinguistically unexplored formal domains of education and address the persistent monolingual biases and ideologies, hegemonic language policies and negative attitudes towards non-standard varieties of English and other languages within these contexts.

The book raises awareness of the marginalisation, violence, intolerance and injustice sustained through English language education in South Asia and suggests steps to ensure linguistic rights, linguistic equity and social justice.

This book is Open Access under a CC BY NC ND license.

Takes scholarship on the Eurovision Song Contest beyond the political/international relations angle.

This book explores the Eurovision Song Contest and its significance within tourism, events and leisure studies. The volume considers three main themes: Eurovision tourism and event impacts; event personalities and fandom; and the power and politics of events.

Within these broader themes, the chapters focus on issues such as the relationship between tourism and identity, especially through mechanisms of destination branding and nation-building; the interplay of soft power, cultural diplomacy and critical geopolitics; and the central role of LGBTQI+ tourism, fan cultures and camp aesthetics in shaping the event’s meanings.

The book is an essential guide to Eurovision’s big questions such as its longevity in the face of ongoing conflicts and its vital role in tourism promotion.

First book to focus on the future of hotels in a detailed, comprehensive and multidimensional way.

This book adopts a timeline approach to explore the future of hotels to 2050 through the lens of hospitality, design, education, workforce dynamics, disruption, innovation, technology and sustainability. It examines how these interconnected domains will shape guest experiences and operational models in the decades ahead.

Drawing on insights, led by the Professors of the Hotel Management School Leeuwarden, the research highlights the importance of strategic foresight and interdisciplinary collaboration in navigating emerging challenges. By integrating academic perspectives and industry trends, the work contributes to a deeper understanding of how hotels can evolve into adaptive, resilient and guest-centric environments.

Expands empirical research on peer collaboration and the potential benefits it may bring to learners.

This book highlights the role of peer interaction in the foreign/second language classroom and offers a broad and nuanced exploration of the different factors and contexts that mediate its effect on target language use and development.

The chapters focus on different age and proficiency groups (young learners, adolescents, adults), different instruction and task characteristics (face-to-face and computer-mediated instruction, pre-task instruction, proficiency pairing) and a variety of outcomes (fluency, accuracy, language related episodes, grammatical knowledge, foreign language anxiety and affect, collaborative patterns and perceptions).

Together they highlight the importance of interaction and collaboration among peers in the foreign language classroom to foster learners’ communicative abilities and to maximise language development and affect.

Demonstrates the importance of embracing inclusivity and diversity in order to improve the teaching and learning of English.

This book addresses the twin themes of diversity and inclusivity in classrooms where English is taught as a foreign, second, additional or international language. The chapters cover theory, empirical research, and practice in order to support researchers, teacher educators, teachers, policymakers and materials developers who wish to make English language education more effective, inclusive and innovative.

The chapters explore a wide range of international contexts and a variety of educational contexts, and address issues including power structures, learner positionality, decolonised English standards, neurodiversity, marginalised silence, student agency in curriculum reform, task design for all learners, and collaboration drawing on diversity as a resource. The book offers an unusually intricate picture of issues that are at the forefront of the minds of educators around the world.

Builds on Norton’s work on investment to contest pervasive deficit perspectives that portray refugees as helpless victims or a public burden.

Set in Turkey, the country with the largest number of refugees in the world, this book expands the limited literature on higher education for refugees, particularly the gap in research in displacement settings.

It examines the experiences of Syrian young adult refugees studying in Turkish universities, highlighting the intersections between linguistic, social, economic and structural challenges and the students’ resourceful approaches to overcoming these barriers. Their stories depict both unique and common experiences of accessing higher education during displacement and underscore the importance of quality language instruction, interpersonal relationships, and supportive faculty members.

It contests pervasive deficit perspectives that portray refugees as helpless victims or a public burden and calls into question assumptions about integration in the nation of asylum being the ideal long-term outcome for refugees. The book also lays a methodological foundation for future decolonizing work in applied linguistics, centering the experiences of refugees and disrupting Northern dominance of forced migration scholarship.

First edited volume to directly tackle the intersection of sustainability and luxury in tourism and hospitality.

This book explores the concept of sustainable luxury in the context of tourism and hospitality. It reimagines luxury in tourism and hospitality through a sustainability lens, showing how sustainability and luxury can co-exist and reinforce each other.

The volume highlights emerging theoretical frameworks and empirical case studies from diverse global contexts and focuses on topics such as authenticity, ethics, cultural sustainability, transformation and regeneration. The chapters offer insights into shifting consumer expectations, sustainable business practices and future imaginaries for luxury services.

It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, students and policymakers seeking new paradigms and theoretical lenses, as well as practical solutions for integrating sustainability into luxury tourism and hospitality.

A practical guide combining theory and best teaching practices to enable teachers to support multilingual learners to reach a level of deeper, conceptual understanding.

This book guides educators through a concept-based curriculum designed to foster deep, enduring understanding for multilingual learners. This curriculum provides language scaffolds to allow all students to develop conceptual understanding and the ability to express it in multiple languages.

The book opens with the underpinning theories of learning, offering an accessible overview of the relevant research from cognition, education and multilingualism. It offers examples of concept-based inquiry and translanguaging pedagogy, and proposes a combined approach that addresses the complexities of teaching new language learners. It concludes by addressing the challenges of implementing new curricula and offers advice for school leaders and educators on effective change management.

This practical resource includes sample lesson plans as well as access to videos and teaching materials online, allowing educators to easily adapt ideas to their own context for a more inclusive classroom environment. Designed for pre-service and in-service teachers, end of chapter reflection prompts and activities make this an ideal resource for teacher training and professional development programs.

Offers an arts-based, storying, textual and visual lens on gender-based violence in the UK and Mexico.

This book is a unique image-based bilingual (English and Spanish) book of textual and visual narratives of gender-based violence (GBV) in the UK and Mexico, framed with a critical commentary that sets these stories in the context of GBV in both countries.

Visual and textual stories convey the 'felt' experience of GBV, engaging readers and audiences in the apparently mundane as well as the shocking. Such stories help contest the prominence of crime statistics in evidencing GBV, statistics which often distort experience and reflect and maintain exclusionary policies and practices, particularly for minoritised communities.

The transnational project on which this book is based invited artists and creative writers from diverse backgrounds in the UK and Mexico to respond to lived accounts of GBV in comic stories, short stories, poems, 3D installations, fine art photography, painting and film. This book brings together these visual and textual stories and sets out a series of readings and analyses that seek to further knowledge on GBV in different cultural contexts.

This book is open access under a CC BY licence.

Equips readers to develop an intelligibility-oriented approach to pronunciation teaching suitable for any second/foreign language or Global Englishes setting. 

This book offers principled guidance for practitioners and researchers on developing a feature-based approach to teaching English pronunciation, with a focus on intelligibility within communicative contexts. Using Hong Kong English as a case study, it allows teachers and students to critically explore English intelligibility in their own sociolinguistic and educational contexts and question the perceived importance of native speaker pronunciation. The book examines curricula, assessments, teaching materials, teacher perceptions, pronunciation teaching strategies and corrective feedback practices, and develops a contextualised approach to pronunciation teaching that prioritises key features affecting understanding, particularly in World Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca settings. Discussion and inquiry tasks in each chapter make this ideal for trainee teachers and teacher educators, while researchers will find valuable tools to explore intelligibility-oriented approaches in diverse contexts.

Provides the teaching methods and strategies educators need to foster diverse, inclusive and unbiased classroom environments.

This book helps classroom teachers and educational leaders to support Asian American students in a variety of school settings, exploring their dual language use, literacy development and multifaceted identity (re)construction.

Contributing to the fields of multi/plurilingual and multi/pluricultural education, it synthesizes key philosophical concepts, theories and perspectives that contemporary educators should be familiar with when working with racially, linguistically and culturally diverse student populations. It draws on ten years of data from Korean heritage language schools and addresses topics such as translanguaging, culturally responsive and sustaining pedagogy, transnationalism, AsianCrit theory and raciolinguistic ideologies.

This book provides teachers, teacher educators and parents with valuable knowledge and understanding of how to adequately support students from diverse backgrounds in inclusive and unbiased classrooms.

Innovative work which will open up new ways of thinking and conceptualizing translingual pedagogies and bring new light to TESOL pedagogies and projects.

This book investigates the translingual pedagogies of women and queer/non-binary transnational teachers of English in three programs in the US and Spain. By storying their pedagogies, the author demonstrates how they build and cultivate connections within (bodies, minds and spirits), with communities and with the environment around them, transgressing binary thinking and dualistic worlds.

Through the experiences of these teachers, the author addresses some of the most pressing questions facing language teaching, connecting issues of colonial legacies and contemporary systems of oppression with the need for a different approach to teacher education. Building on their storying, the author proposes a pedagogy of (e)merging paths, based on relationality and collaboration.

Invites readers to question whether language planning and policy can survive decolonialization.

This book represents a vital step forward in the process of decolonizing language policy and planning (LPP). It addresses both theoretical and practical aspects of LPP, while exploring its intersection with domains including security, politics and education. A decolonized LPP invites us to view language as an interconnected phenomenon, with boundaries that are not defined by structural, territorial, ethnic or historical limitations.

The chapters in this book problematize the positivist, instrumental, pragmatic and technical dimensions of LPP, while offering a renewed perspective in dialogue with contemporary struggles and claims. It covers a range of geopolitical contexts, with particular attention to the dialogues and contradictions between the North and the South.

Experienced researchers theorise what the future holds for tourism research.

This book brings together experienced and well-respected researchers to understand, interpret and envision the future for tourism. It examines the transformations taking place in tourism currently and the potential future changes that could occur.

The volume also explores the limitations of predicting the future of tourism and areas that need to be addressed such as climate change, technology, sustainability, hypermobility, regeneration and destination management. It considers the uncertain directions for the future and sets an agenda for the transformation of tourism. The book will be a useful resource for researchers and students in tourism and future studies, as well as tourism planners and public sector agencies.

Offers fresh perspectives on academic and disciplinary literacies across a range of contexts.

This book presents empirical evidence of the academic and disciplinary literacies that learners engage in in educational contexts. The chapters focus on the languages of schooling (in first, second or foreign language contexts) across primary, secondary and higher education.

The book is divided into two main sections. The first section focuses on students’ voices and perceptions, providing new insights into the difficulties they encounter when developing academic or disciplinary literacies in different contexts and disciplines. The second section addresses students’ academic or disciplinary literacy skills, both productive and receptive.

The chapters include qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies, and provide valuable new insights across a range of educational contexts.

A practical research-backed guide for parents raising children across multiple cultures in a world shaped by digital media.

Every day, more families span continents, cultures and languages to raise cross-cultural children. Yet even as media brings us closer than ever, travel restrictions and censorship remind us how fragile these connections can be. Offering real-life stories, strategies and activities, this book explores how diverse families use media, both old and new, to bridge cultures and support their parenting journey. We meet kids who balance frequent moves with staying in touch with a distant homeland. We encounter parents navigating multiple languages under one roof. We hear from relatives determined to keep in touch despite the challenges involved. We learn that media remains a vital tool that helps all these cross-cultural families stay connected – through shared recipes that conjure memories, video calls that span time-zones, popular culture that reflects a family's blended identity, and more. This is a book for anyone preparing for or living the realities of cross-cultural parenting.

This book invites readers to reflect on the impact of languages and create workshops to develop inclusive and responsible societies.

Language plays a crucial role in the creation and reproduction of social inequalities, but it can also be a key factor in their deconstruction and in the creation of a more multilingual and inclusive world. This book guides the reader through an exploration of creative and effective tools for examining the role that languages play in the life trajectories of speakers and how they can shape personal identities and promote social justice. The authors demonstrate the use of personal language family trees, language self-portraits and autobiographical narratives as means to explore sociolinguistic repertoires and language use in various contexts.

Written in an accessible, jargon-free way, with real-life examples from speakers of diverse geographical backgrounds, the book will be of interest both to scholars and students embarking on a study of the intersections between language and social justice, and to language teachers and learners who wish to explore the role that languages play in their lives.

This book will be open access under a CC BY NC ND licence.

Discusses the many ways that racism and hierarchies of language hinder honesty and harm society.

In this bold attempt to challenge readers’ assumptions about racial prejudice, JPB Gerald explores how racism and hierarchies of language hinder effective education and harm societies around the world. Through a wide range of interviews with experts in areas ranging from US states generally perceived as being progressive to countries including Finland, Algeria and Japan, the author explores how a centuries-long battle for control of the narrative around race and language continues to be fought across the globe.

The chapters address how racism and harmful linguistic ideologies are perceived, and how these perceptions are influenced and exacerbated by popular culture, which often obscures the reality of intersecting axes of oppression. The book concludes by drawing together the common threads and exploring how readers can challenge and change the narrative.  

This book centers and amplifies the voices and complex lived experiences of Asian Americans in bilingual education. Drawing from the fields of bilingual education and ethnic studies, the chapters discuss language ideologies, anti-racist pedagogies, language loss and teacher and student experiences to explore how multilingualism is experienced distinctly by Asian Americans. Recognizing the heterogeneity within Asian American communities, the book highlights underrepresented Asian languages such as Hmong and Khmer and discusses both formal and informal education settings. It showcases a wide range of narratives and qualitative methodologies, employing critical theoretical frameworks such as AsianCrit, decoloniality, intersectionality, critical refugee, raciolinguistics, counterhegemonic pedagogies, humanization and transnationalism. As the first book fully dedicated to Asian American experiences in bilingual education, it broadens understandings of multilingualism and appeals to researchers, teacher educators and postgraduate students in applied linguistics, Asian American studies, higher education and bilingual education.

This is the first textbook to fully integrate crisis preparedness, resilience and sustainability into a unified event management framework. The book offers a practical, interdisciplinary approach, combining theory, case studies and real-world applications tailored for both students and professionals. It moves beyond traditional risk management by exploring ethical decision-making, inclusion, technology and post-crisis recovery in diverse event contexts. Each chapter includes student activities, applied examples and discussion prompts, fostering critical thinking and real-world problem-solving. It is an invaluable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying event management, tourism and hospitality, as well as early-career professionals and industry practitioners who are seeking to enhance their understanding of crisis preparedness and resilience in events.

Genre-Based approaches to Second Language Writing Instruction have become a powerful and popular means of assisting second and multilingual writers in learning to engage in professional, pedagogical and academic genres that are often high-stakes. This book presents a framework for teaching second language and multilingual writing that integrates Concept-Based Language Instruction and Genre-Based Writing Pedagogy. The authors present three large-scale implementations, within a graduate legal writing context, a cross-disciplinary doctoral research writing context and a graduate mechanical engineering context, and demonstrate how the pedagogical and theoretical framework is interdisciplinary, flexible and comprehensive. It provides a means of theorizing, researching, teaching and assessing the development of second language writer genre knowledge from nascency through expertise and equips second language writing instructors with a theoretical and practical toolkit to empower student writers to be more agentive, aware and strategic in their writing.

This reader presents key contributions from the past three decades of bilingualism research, demonstrating the trajectory of key themes and areas of study. Celebrating 30 years of Multilingual Matters’ Bilingual Education and Bilingualism book series, the chapters offer an overview of key developments in the field to date. The book focuses on four strands which have emerged over the course of the series: bilingual children and family language policy, multilingualism in the classroom, bilingual immersion education and language policy and advocacy. This reader offers students and researchers a deeper understanding of how the field has evolved, current issues in bilingual education, and the implications for both practice and future research.

This book explores the evolving relationship between wellness, wellbeing and tourism, offering a comprehensive framework to understand how these interconnected domains contribute to sustainable global development. It highlights the cultural and communal dimensions of wellness tourism, examining how traditional practices, indigenous knowledge and community engagement enhance holistic health experiences while raising concerns about authenticity and commodification. The volume also addresses innovation and technology, showcasing how transformative design, digital tools and neuroscience are reshaping wellness experiences – while urging critical reflection on accessibility and equity. It also investigates destination development and management, illustrating how wellness tourism can stimulate regional growth, foster environmental stewardship and support community wellbeing, while cautioning against the risks of over-commercialisation and unsustainable growth.

This book critically examines the concepts of otherness and othering in tourism, investigating how human and non-human actors are perceived and positioned within tourism spaces. It offers theoretical insights on tourism futures, spatial entanglements between humans and non-humans and practical case studies from researchers and practitioners. Drawing from posthumanist theory and its affirmative ethics, it challenges traditional anthropocentric views, emphasising relationality, justice and sustainability in tourism development. The volume integrates future studies and theories to explore emerging trends, critical reflections and possible utopian and dystopian scenarios for the future of tourism. It is a valuable resource for students, researchers and professionals in tourism and leisure studies, geography and anthropology, as well as those exploring posthumanism, the spatial turn in the social sciences and critical tourism studies.

This book explores how fan practices, such as fan art and fan fiction, and linguistic landscapes – the language surrounding us in everyday contexts – can be integrated into foreign language teaching through the innovative Fictional Linguistic Landscapes pedagogy. It offers practical models for educators to use multimodal fan activities to enhance second language learning, including designing semiotic landscapes, soundscapes, skinscapes and social mediascapes. Drawing on popular fictional universes like Dune, it illustrates how educators can utilise fan practices to foster deeper language learning, critical thinking and intercultural awareness. The result is an innovative pedagogical approach that blends entertainment, social media and popular culture with language learning in a way that promises to engage and inspire students. The book represents a step forward in EFL and TESOL pedagogy and demonstrates how theoretical advances can be used in ways that make language learning relevant to today’s students.

Experiences of not understanding and not being understood during interactions are a pervasive aspect of life for many deaf people, so ensuring understanding becomes a moral imperative in deaf worlds and part of deaf ontologies. Through a series of linked applied linguistics studies regarding the primacy of text, signing songs, the mediation practices of deaf interpreters and Caribbean deaf epistemologies of language and understanding, this book outlines theoretical and methodological approaches to analyzing deaf people’s experiences of understanding and being understood. These are grounded in a Continental philosophy of language and qualitative methods including autoethnography, interpretative interviews and phenomenology. The book explores issues surrounding linguistic and semiotic repertoires; access and affordances; orientation, sociality and power; and mediated communication. Ultimately, it reveals both the workings of epistemic injustice related to deaf signers and ways of understanding and being understood that extend beyond named languages.

This book contains a collection of chapters that blend theory and practice to share the hows and whys of implementing radical inclusivity in the language and writing classroom. It highlights the experiences and practices of global K-20 teachers and teacher educators and the many ways they promote these radically inclusive practices in their classrooms. The chapter authors outline what radical inclusivity is and how it can be embedded in classroom practice and pedagogy across teacher education, undergraduate classrooms, community engagement contexts and different institutional and programmatic settings. The book views teaching as a radical act of hope, and uses perspectives from Critical Language Awareness to support learners in developing critical perspectives on the intersections of language, identity, power and privilege. Structured as a theory-to-practice resource, the book is designed to provide teachers and graduate students with theoretical background and practical activities that can be integrated into language teacher education, as well as writing and language classrooms.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the multilingual linguistic landscape in Taoyuan City, Taiwan, focusing on the impact of new immigrants and the diverse range of languages they speak, across urban and peripheral areas. It examines the city's transition from a predominantly monolingual or bilingual Chinese–English signage environment to a vibrant multilingual one shaped by Chinese, English, Japanese, Korean and Southeast Asian languages. Employing ethnographic methods and geosemiotic analysis, the study investigates code preferences and writing types on public and private signage. Additionally, it delves into community perceptions of the multilingual linguistic landscape and its implications for language policy and planning, providing valuable insights into evolving linguistic dynamics. The authors move beyond theoretical exploration to deliver practical insights with implications for institutions, policymakers, researchers, educators, students and practitioners alike. Ultimately, this work aspires to enrich understanding not only of Taiwan’s linguistic landscape but also of broader global discussions on multilingualism, language policy and language planning.

This book brings together research on second language pragmatics in the underexplored context of EFL primary classrooms. Presenting studies from Croatia, Cyprus, Germany, Norway, Spain and the Netherlands, the book offers a rich exploration of different topics, such as learners' pragmatic performance, awareness and development, learners’ and teachers' views on pragmatic instruction, and investigations concerning material use and lesson planning. The studies feature a range of data sources including animated films, arts-based instruction, classroom discourse, narrated picture-based tasks, questionnaires and interviews, introducing the reader to a wealth of opportunities for young learners’ engagement with pragmatics. Being the first edited volume to provide an overview of the rapidly growing area of young learner pragmatics, it will be of great interest to researchers, graduate students and language teachers.

This book responds to the expansion of dual language immersion (DLI) programs into secondary contexts, examining the effectiveness of these programs and highlighting areas for improvement in the curriculum. Focusing on Mandarin Chinese DLI in Utah secondary schools, it presents the views of teachers, parents and students on the newly implemented program, explores patterns of classroom interactions, and assesses learners’ oral narrative development as well as their learning strategy use in building reading, writing and listening skills. In this way, it pinpoints possible weaknesses in the curriculum and current teaching practices and provides pedagogical implications and suggestions for in-service teachers and administrators, advocating for the inclusion of heritage language maintenance as a program goal. It enhances pre-service teachers’ understanding of the policy background and current program issues and offers a base for DLI researchers to build upon in understudied secondary school contexts.

Este libro examina las experiencias sociales y educativas de una población creciente pero poco estudiada de jóvenes inmigrantes en EE.UU., centrándose en estudiantes multilingües que hablan una de tres lenguas indígenas: zapoteco, mixteco y p’urhépecha. Explora las identidades etnoraciales de los estudiantes, el uso de sus lenguas indígenas y sus prácticas transnacionales, así como la influencia de estos factores en su adaptación escolar, rendimiento académico y trayectorias educativas. Este estudio de métodos mixtos, realizado durante tres años en contextos semiurbanos, urbanos y rurales, analiza entrevistas con estudiantes y docentes, así como datos de encuestas, para ofrecer un panorama de cómo los estudiantes indígenas desarrollan sus identidades sociales. También examina la influencia de sus compañeros y docentes mexicanos no indígenas. El libro resalta nuevos desarrollos en la heterogeneidad cultural y lingüística de la comunidad latina y en las relaciones raciales/étnicas dentro del grupo, brindando información valiosa a legisladores y educadores sobre los estudiantes inmigrantes indígenas y cómo apoyar eficazmente su multilingüismo, el desarrollo de su identidad étnica y su éxito educativo. Esta traducción de Culturally Responsive Schooling for Mexican Indigenous Students proporciona un recurso en español para educadores, legisladores e investigadores en EE.UU. y América Latina.

An English-language edition of this book is also available at: https://multilingual-matters.com/page/detail/?K=9781800417526.

This book examines how a colonial matrix of power is established through temporality in English writing education. It offers discourse analyses of higher educational policies that operate in China and Saudi Arabia and then triangulates this data with conversations with writing teachers from representative Chinese and Saudi universities. Drawing on all this data to understand both the structured power relations shaping educational policies and the attendant effects on the writing teachers that inhabit these spaces, the book develops a decolonial comparative method and adopts the concept of “temporal regime” as an analytic lens. It not only attends to the complex and multilayered ways that this regime controls, disciplines and shapes the social wellbeing and professional practices of individual writing teachers, but it also details the various ways that teachers understand, experience, resist, negotiate and appropriate the temporal orders.

This book examines diverse aspects of advocacy for translanguaging as a legitimate educational practice. It advances a practical theory of the translanguaging of education that is informed by deliberative advocacy and based in evidence. Combinations of quantitative and qualitative research from preschool to higher and adult education in different parts of the world give insight into current translanguaging strategies and pedagogies. From translanguaging and transsemiotising in subject lessons such as Mathematics and Geography, to transdisciplinary engagement with poetry and music beyond the classroom, the findings contribute to the development of a practical theory of translanguaging in education, and demonstrate how translanguaging plays a part in everyday language learning and language use.

This book is open access under a CC BY ND licence.

This book explores the ways in which language is understood in diverse contexts, and how linguistic theories – and the idea of language as an object – fail to represent a reality that is inherently multi- and trans-. The chapters tease out the way that an understanding of language as a social practice, and the central role of the speaker(s) and their repertoire, allows for a more nuanced interpretation of language in contexts ranging from English as an international ‘neutral’ language in research and teaching, to the importance of life trajectories and multilingualism in the development of theoretical perspectives. The book offers a glimpse of a decolonial linguistics that recognizes the importance of entanglement – between languages, between the North and South and between the personal and the theoretical.

This book presents a pragmatic perspective on the development of intercultural communicative competence and intercultural understanding by language learners in the foreign language classroom and in study abroad contexts. Using data from role-play interactions, intercultural episodes and student reflections, including both US learners of Spanish and multilingual learners of other languages, the book examines how a focus on pragmatics and metapragmatic awareness aids the development of intercultural competence. It also addresses current topics such as intercultural impoliteness, the negotiation of and reflection on speech acts at the discourse level, pragmatic competence, agency and pragmatic resistance. The book concludes with a reflection on what it means to be an intercultural speaker along with suggestions for both teaching and assessment.

This book investigates recent changes in language education policy and the implementation of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Japan’s public elementary schools. Through interviews with policymakers, school principals and elementary school teachers, it examines the challenges in creating, transmitting and applying this new language policy. It reveals not only the contents of language policy documents, but the political and socioeconomic rationale for introducing EFL into Japan’s national curriculum. This book will aid understanding of various macro-level discourses, such as progressive and conservative views of schooling in Japan and how globalization has affected attitudes toward English education. It will be of interest to researchers in language policy and planning, second language acquisition, second language teacher education and Japanese studies.

This book is both a deep dive into and a critique of foundational decolonial concepts and epistemologies, engaging both historical, theoretical analyses of social issues and conditions, and standpoints from activism. The chapters are situated within multiple, plural and shifting force fields within the academy, and present a pathway to critically engage political or academic practices within and outside the university. The authors specifically engage contestations and harmonies in approaches of decoloniality, epistemic injustices, Southern epistemologies and epistemologies of the Souths. Alongside the theoretical chapters sit interventions on self-liberation, healing, reconstitution of human life, embracing interdependence and defying boundaries. The book represents a critical intervention in the development of decolonial theories and methodologies, and will be of interest to scholars, students and activists within and outside of academia.

This book examines assessment, testing and evaluation within English-medium education contexts globally. It explores how assessments can effectively measure learning outcomes, integrating both content mastery and language proficiency in multilingual and multicultural classrooms. It features contributions from diverse experts worldwide and offers a comprehensive analysis of assessment practices, emerging trends and their implications for teaching and learning. The authors emphasise inclusivity, equity and effectiveness in English-medium instruction (EMI) assessment. The chapters address a range of topics within assessment, including designing assessments for both content and language goals; addressing challenges in EMI assessment; and incorporating emerging practices such as formative assessments and translanguaging. The book also discusses policy influences on EMI assessment, teacher assessment literacy and the role of innovative technologies like AI in EMI assessments. It provides practical examples and strategies, aiming to enhance EMI assessment practices and bridge the gap between theory and classroom implementation.

This book introduces dialogist interpretation as an innovative approach within interpreting studies, offering a critical examination of interpreter-mediated asylum encounters. Based on a case study of a legal consultation in the Netherlands, the book reveals how internal dialogues, linguistic assumptions, institutional constraints and systemic biases influence credibility assessments and shape asylum narratives. Drawing on the author’s experience as a researcher, interpreter and former asylum seeker, this study examines the power dynamics between interpreters, legal professionals, asylum seekers and the institutional structures governing legal procedures. Through detailed textual analysis and reflective interviews, it demonstrates the active role interpreters play and offers a new paradigm for understanding and improving asylum procedures. Challenging dominant narratives and calling for systemic change, this book offers practical recommendations for interpreters, educators, legal professionals and policymakers as well as essential insights for scholars in interpreting studies, law and communication.

In order for decolonisation to avoid becoming yet another orthodoxy, this book argues that it is necessary to recognise the neoliberal ideologies and imperatives that drive so much work in universities in both the Global Norths and Global Souths, and to understand the enmeshment (both historical and ongoing) of universities in colonial practices. The chapters interrogate both these issues and the terms in which they are usually critiqued in order to identify the cracks and fissures within institutions that may enable decolonisation to be leveraged as a praxis and a means of radical change. The chapters explore a range of issues across Higher Education including reparations, allyship, soft power, academic publishing and the politics of race within the university; together they represent an argument for the necessity of continually rethinking and re-making the theories, methods and assumptions of decolonisation.

This book honors the impactful work of Terrence G. Wiley on advancing social justice in the areas of language diversity and language policy. It brings together a group of experienced scholars to provide an overview of research and progress in three areas: heritage and community language education, ideologies of language and literacies, and language policy. The chapters cover a wide range of formal and informal learning spaces and address language policies and practices from the national to the local levels. The international appeal of Wiley’s work is represented through the rich diversity of the contributing scholars and research contexts. With an emphasis on advancing scholarship and advocacy for language minoritized populations in the United States and around the world, this book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in the fields of language education, language policy and sociolinguistics.

The eighth edition of this bestselling textbook has been revised and updated to provide a comprehensive and accessible introduction to bilingualism and bilingual education in an everchanging world. Written in a compact and clear style, the book covers all the crucial issues in bilingualism and multilingualism at individual, group and societal levels. Updates to the new edition include: 

• Updated chapters with over 500 new citations and the latest demographic and statistical information.
• An expanded Chapter 16 on Deaf-Signing People, Bilingualism/Multilingualism and Bilingual Education, to give readers a thorough grounding in the history of Deaf bilingual education, and in the latest research.
• Several new, or more thoroughly covered, topics including: national, local, family and individual language policy; dynamic bilingualism; multimodal communication; translanguaging and translanguaging pedagogy; raciolinguistics and anti-racist education; language revival and revitalization; translanguaging among Deaf-signing students; the hybrid, constructed, complex and fluid nature of identity; the gentrification of bilingual education; bilingualism and economic inequalities and advantages; mobile apps and social media; technology-enhanced language proficiency assessments; artificial intelligence (AI); recent developments in and limitations of brain imaging research; and multilingualism on the internet and in information technology.
• Important policy developments in the US context are covered, including the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), the Seal of Biliteracy, the Science of Reading (structured literacy), response to intervention, and state consortia for shared English language proficiency standards and assessments (WIDA, ELPA21), and for alternative assessments for disabled students (Dynamic Learning Maps), the US Census, Proposition 58 (California), the LOOK Act (Massachusetts), Arizona Senate Bill 1014 and the Native American Languages Preservation Act.
• Attention has also been given to expanded discussion of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages and its use across Europe and around the world. Efforts have also been made to update and diversify the global examples of research, policy and practice, with a particular focus on adding examples outside of Europe and North America.

Students and Instructors will benefit from chapter features including:

• New bolded key terms corresponding to a comprehensive glossary.
• Recommended readings and online resources.
• Discussion questions and study activities.

This book constitutes a holistic study of sociolinguistic development among adult second language (L2) learners in a naturalistic setting. Combining results from a cross-sectional and longitudinal micro-development study, it examines the acquisition of both the productive and interpretive skills necessary to engage with the contextually sensitive use of vernacularity in Austria. The studies focus on issues of inter- and intra-individual variation and aim to shed much-needed light on why L2 learners acquire sociolinguistic variation, which aspects of it they acquire, which factors influence it and when they acquire it. Drawing on methodological and theoretical frameworks from diverse fields such as developmental and cognitive psychology, psycho- and sociolinguistics, as well as second language acquisition, the book connects topics rarely found in the same empirical piece, including the role of cognitive functioning and socioaffective factors, the temporal specificity of L2 sociolinguistic development in production and perception, and the issue of group-to-individual generalizability. The studies showcased in this work provide ample evidence that late starters of a L2 in early adulthood and midlife can acquire the skills necessary to successfully navigate the complex sociolinguistic variation within the target-language community, but the process is certainly not one without hurdles.

This book focuses on the experiences of 1.5 generation Filipinos in Japan, charting their life histories and educational experiences in both the Philippines and Japan. Against a background of transnational migrations between both countries, and varying levels of Japanese as a Second Language and educational support for immigrant/non-Japanese speaking children in Japanese schools, the author uses a narrative, life history approach to consider how the participants use their educational histories and learner identities as intangible resources upon which they drew to overcome the structural and cultural differences in the teaching–learning environments they encountered in Japanese schools. The book ends by recounting the participants’ regained sense of confidence as learners upon entering university, where they reclaim their learner identities as active participants in the classroom, with several receiving awards for academic excellence.

This Handbook brings together the viewpoints of academics, practitioners, artists and people seeking refuge in Scotland to explore the global learnings that can be gained from this context. The book engages with the challenge of delivering integration as multi-directional processes within a broader setting in which forced migration is often criminalised. Situating its analysis of integration in Scotland, the book combines chapters based in theory, which explore issues ranging from the concept of integration to law, borders and integration policy, with creative and practical responses to these issues. The book offers hopeful alternatives to current realities of forced migration, and a compelling challenge to dominant narratives related to refuge and integration. It will be of interest to practitioners, policymakers and scholars working with refugees and asylum seekers around the world.

This book will be open access under a CC BY ND licence.

The voices in this book raise questions about the relationalities and entanglements of applied linguists in a troubled world. They are the personal stories that are sometimes hidden behind and within more conventional teaching, research and scholarship, however iconoclastic and unconventional the endeavors themselves. Injustice runs through and across the chapters, connecting one with another but also highlighting differences. The stories in this book describe or picture anxieties, fears, veils, exclusion, erasures, microaggressions, racism and patriarchy, together with the painful double-binds and pitfalls experienced in applied linguistic fieldwork and teaching. By sharing their stories, the authors attempt to embody the changes called into being through their applied linguistics teaching and fieldwork.

Previously, most studies in this area have focused on the reciprocal effects of language teachers’ emotions, identity, well-being and agency, with emotions often being portrayed as consequential entities. However, this book advances the field by exploring specifically how language teacher emotions can be used as tools for personal and professional development. The authors provide empirical, theoretical, conceptual and practical contributions which demonstrate how emotional responses provide data that can be analyzed and reflected upon and how emotions can be seen not as occurrences that are suffered, but as actions, judgments, choices, responsibilities and data that can be used to improve personal growth and professional lives. The chapters shed light on the potential of emotions as tools for teachers’ personal and professional development, such as, but not limited to, emotional literacy, emotional intelligence, emotional agility and regulation, emotional memory and self-exploratory and self-reflective inquiries.

This book explores the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy within higher education, addressing both instructors’ and students’ preparedness to engage with AI technologies responsibly and effectively. By synthesising existing frameworks and empirical studies, alongside presenting two original research studies, the book bridges theoretical foundations with practical applications tailored for modern educational contexts. Practical recommendations include methods to develop AI literacy skills, focusing on ethical awareness, technological competence, and the potential for AI to enhance teaching and learning processes. Aimed at higher education instructors, stakeholders and students, the book offers actionable insights and tools for fostering informed and critical engagement with AI, aligned with lifelong learning goals and professional development needs.

This book traces and summarises theoretical insights and empirical findings on the topic of whether or not anxiety for language learning could be a causal variable for individual differences in language learning. The author brings together three decades of research to show that first language (L1) skills and second language (L2) aptitude are confounding variables in studies of language anxiety and that learners’ levels of anxiety for L2 learning are strongly related to their levels of language achievement. These findings have suggested that language anxiety instruments reflect students’ (accurate) self-perceptions of their language skills and their levels of L1 achievement and L2 aptitude, but don’t reflect their anxiety. The research presented in this book holds the potential to change the ways in which L2 educators and researchers think about language anxiety, how language anxiety is assessed, how investigations into language anxiety are conducted and how L2 teachers respond to anxiety in the classroom.

This book builds a space in which a diversity of voices – Indigenous teachers, activists and committed academics – are foregrounded in the processes of Indigenous education with the goal of Indigenous language reclamation. It decenters state systems of education (e.g. schooling) and instead considers the efforts of teachers (defined broadly), community activists and scholars who are developing initiatives to support Indigenous language practices in, around and beyond schooling, thereby emphasizing diverse processes of language reclamation in complex and varied settings. The authors invite the reader to reconsider language reclamation in the face of climate change and neocolonial exploitation, offering a source of radical hope for the future. Central to the book are narratives regarding community-based collaborations, which subvert the asymmetrical power relations between academia and educational practitioners and activists, and call into question the categories constructed by a top-down approach, as well as the colonial relationships that linguistic anthropology and linguistics have constructed within the spaces and people they ‘study’.

This book addresses a topic that until recently had been underexplored: women who voluntarily forgo having and raising children. Grounded in a discourse approach, it examines reproductive decision-making in the context of pronatalist discourses, such as 'maternal instinct', 'biological clock' and 'having it all', that encourage procreation in some while discouraging it in others. To contextualize pronatalism sociohistorically, the book also examines the relationship between pro- and anti-natalist discourses that emerged during the 20th-century eugenics movement in the United States, especially its promotion of white middle-class women’s procreation while discouraging, or preventing, poor immigrant women and women of color from reproducing. Other topics include online communities devoted to childfreedom, 20th- and 21st-century women authors who wrote about their decision not to procreate, responses of academic women in the field of applied linguistics to questions about their childlessness, and a personal narrative of the author’s childlessness. The author calls for solidarity between mothers and 'nothers' (her term for childless women) to defy the policing of women’s bodies worldwide.

This book presents case studies of ideologies of communication in Japan which respond to recent epistemological and methodological developments in the field and reflect the subject-wide shift from ideologies of language to ideologies of communication. Chapters explore a wide range of language contexts, from formal language learning settings to video games, smartphones and language use in couples and by immigrants. The authors use an array of innovative methodological approaches and theoretical perspectives, including language portraits, soundscapes and social space. The book also contains chapters that present positive perspectives on ideologies, examining how they can be created and mobilized to inspire specific groups to pursue their interests. Together the chapters give a complex and inclusive picture of language in Japan and the current breadth of the field of ideologies of communication.

This book provides the first comprehensive overview of young children’s language learning in pre-primary and primary education. It collates research to date on language development and pedagogy among children learning a language in addition to their home language(s) in instructional settings, providing readers with a thorough understanding of the topic and directions for further study. The book promotes a learner-centered approach to research and teaching and encourages critical reflection on how best to conduct research among children. It recognizes the substantial diversity of young language learning experiences and pays attention to individual differences and variability in children’s language development, embracing an ecological perspective sensitive to contextual factors. Closing the gap between research and practice, each chapter opens with pedagogical or policy-related questions, explores relevant theories and research findings from instructed second language acquisition, and offers discussion questions and recommended reading for further reflection and study. This will be invaluable reading for all those who are undertaking research and working with young language learners.

This book seeks to understand how language teachers regulate and use their emotions to best serve themselves and their students. It furthers research in the field by providing an in-depth theoretical discussion of emotion regulation alongside a comprehensive exploration in Japan. The study at the heart of the book focuses on three important features: the strategies language teachers employ to regulate their emotions, the motives that they regulate in aid of, and the various contextual factors shaping their strategy and motive decision-making. The findings reveal numerous ways that language teacher emotion regulation is empowered and constrained by identities, notions of good practice, critical experiences and external pressures. The book provides theoretical models of emotion regulation alongside recommendations for researchers, trainers and teachers who are interested in understanding more about the emotional dimension of the language classroom.

This book is a collaborative project which centres on the testimonios of more than 100 survivors of the harsh realities of the 80-year Colombian armed conflict, drawing on multiple disciplinary areas and practices: linguistics, philology and linguistics, education, journalism, academia, art and film, education, literature, human rights, sociology, urban geography, cosmogony and grassroots activism. Using extracts from testimonios in multiple forms – oral, written, film, textiles – and mobilising the concepts of Testimony, Narrative and Memory, the book explores how survivors of all ages configure and reconfigure their experiences, worldviews and identities, striving towards the building of new knowledges which will help ensure the non-repetition of violence. The book will be of interest to all who are committed to understanding conflict and post-conflict societies in the search for peace.

This book will be open access under a CC BY ND licence.

This book explores the future(s) of food tourism in 2075 and beyond. It uses the principles of multiple futures to demonstrate, analyse and examine different pathways that food tourism may take using the principles of scenario planning. It aims to provide a comprehensive account of the phenomena of food tourism future(s) and presents an analysis and discussion on the key topics relating to the future(s) of food tourism using the process of scenario planning. It demonstrates an application of scenario planning as a theory-building framework for food tourism and presents four scenarios representing different pathways, theories, drivers, trends and concepts associated with food tourism in the future. This is a timely and important volume given the issues of global food supply, climate change, authenticity, changing diets and the rise of food tourism as the core of the experience economy.

This book provides a much-needed overview of the theory and practice of intercultural service learning (ISL), an approach that combines curricular learning, intercultural encounters and community service. It includes a model that outlines the essential components of this pedagogy and which is intended to serve as a foundation for practitioners developing their projects. Practical examples offer templates and inspiration, while the scholarly examination of the projects demonstrates the approach's potential. The book concludes with considerations on how to assess intercultural and democratic competences in ISL projects and practical implementation guidelines. Suitable for both in-service foreign language educators at all levels and for use in teacher training, the book provides a practical guide to a holistic pedagogy that is increasingly being used by educators keen to engage their students in an ever more interconnected world.

In the contemporary world of guaranteed change, shopping remains a constant in the tourism experience, even though its forms, measures, functions and manifestations are continuously evolving. This book offers traditional perspectives on shopping and tourism and updates current thinking in relation to experiences, and internal and external forces that affect retail change and shopping behaviour. It also examines how technology and changes in travel create new retail spaces, virtual spaces and retailscapes in tourism contexts. The volume provides a global perspective, with empirical examples being utilised from many parts of the world in a series of conceptually driven chapters on current issues, opportunities, challenges and paradigms in the relationship between shopping and tourism.

This book provides multi-layered and nuanced perspectives on how drivers of change may influence cultural tourism on a global, national and local level. As such, it contributes to a greater understanding of how cultural tourism will be governed, performed and experienced within a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous future environment. The volume examines how the cultural tourism sector can address the needs of cultural tourists through product and service development, offers insights into alternative, post-anthropocentric values underpinning cultural tourism governance and consumption, and engages with immersive, collaborative, slow and technology-driven cultural heritage-based tourism experiences. The book includes both empirical and conceptual chapters, with the contributors suggesting various alternatives that are underpinned by utopian and/or dystopian outlooks on the likely future(s) of cultural tourism.

Chapter 8 is free to download as an open access publication under a CC BY NC ND licence. You can download it here: https://zenodo.org/records/14730188.

This book presents, discusses and explores questions around teachers’ (mainstream teachers, student teachers, EAL teachers) conceptions of language and literacy practices as they seek to meet the educational needs of pupils from linguistically and culturally diverse backgrounds. The book captures the voices of a range of educators from various educational contexts and has implications for the future of literacy education in both pre- and in-service teacher education programmes. Learning from indigenous epistemologies associated with marginalisation and inequity in school settings, the book allows the stories and experiences of multilingual pupils in predominantly monolingual classrooms to be understood, and to form the basis of a ‘proposal for hope’: a clear set of principles to underpin specific curricular and critical pedagogical approaches for authentically inclusive and socially just classrooms.

This book explores the social, educational and linguistic acculturation of a group of Saudi wives and mothers sojourning in New Zealand while their husbands undertook full time study. Such sojourners, and their families, are faced with many challenges due to linguistic, social and cultural distance – as well as ethnic stereotyping and prejudice. They tell their stories in a series of interviews and focus groups, relating their pre-sojourn background, the challenges they faced and the changes they made during their sojourn, and their preparation for returning home post-sojourn. The narratives illustrate how these women renegotiated their own identities in relation to their changed circumstances and environment. The authors address the distinctive challenges faced by sojourners as opposed to immigrants, and present a nuanced and detailed picture of the women as individuals negotiating the complex interaction between the influence of the host country and the Saudi and Islamic identities of themselves and their children.

Through an ethnographic study that took place in highly diverse primary school classrooms in London and the East of England, UK, this book engages with teachers’ perspectives and children's descriptions of their plurilingual experiences, as it explores what constitutes, hinders and potentially facilitates teachers’ agency in multilingual pedagogies. The concept of teacher agency offers a powerful lens for critical reflections on the – often monolingual – status quo and on possible transformations in schools, where teachers seek to create pedagogical spaces that acknowledge, engage and promote pupils’ plurilingual repertoires. This book develops a nuanced framework for understanding and enhancing teacher agency in multilingual pedagogies. It also encourages teacher educators and policymakers to recognise multilingual pedagogies as an integral part of (primary) school pedagogy and to support the capacity of present and future teachers to build on their professional knowledge and experiences, when normalising multilingual pedagogies in mainstream schools.

This book traces the motivational dynamics embedded within lifelong foreign language learning trajectories, examining the factors which generate and sustain motivation throughout a learner’s life. Embracing a complexity approach, it views motivation as a long-term individual process that evolves along a narrative continuum, developing over the course of life, personal experiences, choices and events. This narrative inquiry delves into the captivating and unique experiences of three exceptionally motivated older adult learners who have embarked on a lifelong foreign language journey and maintained their momentum after 60. It will be relevant to researchers interested in third age language acquisition, L2 motivation and the impact of additional language learning on wellbeing. It also offers pedagogical guidance to optimise language education quality through better appreciation and anticipation of the autonomous third age learning experience.

Because of its focus on mutual understanding, the language classroom is uniquely situated to discuss and enact ideas about social justice. This book brings together authors from different geographical and professional contexts united by a common goal: to bring about a change in language teacher education and language classrooms. The chapters represent the perspectives of authors at a range of stages in their careers; together they take the reader on a journey from conceptual dilemmas and their place in applied linguistics, through specific critical issues which are positioned within the theoretical landscape surrounding social justice, to projects with clear pedagogical implications. The book represents a much-needed step in broadening the conversation about social justice in and through language education, and will be of interest to language teachers and researchers as well as students of applied linguistics.

While substantial research has looked backward at the colonial history of language and forward to the potential of decolonizing English for linguistic justice, there is a lack of investigation looking inward at the lived raciolinguistic experiences of multilingual scholars. This edited collection opens a healing space for storytelling and deepens readers' understanding of raciolinguistics in practice through autoethnography. The book brings together language education researchers and scholars, with each author representing and in contact with multiple cultural, linguistic and ethnic backgrounds. Together they create a community of practice to bring scholars with diverse backgrounds together for inward reflections on their lived raciolinguistic experiences. Through this journey, the book empowers both the chapter contributors and readers and allies who may see themselves in the stories to reflect, learn and change their practices, and provides valuable insights into raciolinguistics and autoethnography as a research method.

Challenging the boundaries of linguistics as a field, and transgressing the limitations of genre in writing about language, this book explores the possibilities of what the authors call a ‘hospitable linguistics’. It offers a critical discussion of how linguistics endeavors to domesticate, subdue and integrate both people and languages into existing academic structures and theories, and how as a discipline academic linguistics has barely begun to move beyond its colonial, patriarchal and conservative foundations. In this book, leading figures in their fields reflect on their own and others’ practices and experiences in three key areas: the agency and power of refugees and migrants; Indigenous people’s (in)hospitable responses to strangers; and hospitable language as expressed through art, music and artefacts. As a whole, the book represents a crucial intervention in attempts to fashion a new, more integrative, responsible and respectful linguistics that makes way for the ideas of people who are often the object of study. 

This book offers empirical research, case studies and examples of best practice that address cutting-edge and contemporary higher education issues. It aims to inspire hospitality and tourism educators and scholars to embrace transformative learning approaches that promote student-centred learning in times of rapid change. The chapters explore transformative learning practices in hospitality and tourism education while disclosing innovative and transformative approaches to teaching and learning that respond to the changing needs and demands of both students and industry. The book advances the ongoing discussions and innovations in hospitality and tourism education and informs current and future research and practice. Its focus on digital technology and a range of innovative pedagogy for teaching and learning methods provides a practical, engaging and essential toolkit for teachers and learners.

Chapter 16 is free to download as an open access publication under a CC BY licence. You can download it here: https://zenodo.org/records/14604731. 

This volume offers a rich overview of current research and teaching strategies for the integration of technology into language teaching and learning. It introduces the Planning, Personalization and Implementation (PPI) methodological framework to support educators in engaging with the theoretical foundations and innovative practices that should guide the incorporation of technology into their teaching practices. While Spanish language teaching is used as an example, the recommendations can be applied to any language learning contexts. The 13 chapters address a broad range of themes including accessibility, curriculum design, teacher attitudes, motivation, anxiety and feedback, and offer guidance on using digital tools such as podcasts, gamification and artificial intelligence. Written by an international group of scholars, this book serves as a roadmap for language professionals to effectively incorporate technology into any learning environment, whether face-to-face, hybrid or online.

This book will be available as an open access publication under a CC BY NC ND licence.

This volume presents research on oracy development in early language learning, with a particular focus on the pedagogical implications for growingly plurilingual classrooms. The chapters offer empirical results from diverse international contexts which reveal common and differing experiences of teaching methodologies and assessment practices, learners’ attitudes and motivation, and young learners’ skill development processes. Together they explore the effects of language policy, collaborative learning and teacher intervention on the development of children’s listening and speaking skills in a second or foreign language. The book will be of interest to researchers in early second language acquisition as well as students on EFL, TESOL and ESL courses. It will be particularly useful to pre-primary and primary teachers in multilingual classrooms and can be used in teacher education and professional development programmes to promote reflection on current teaching practices.

This book provides an overview and analysis of the role that classroom interaction plays in instructed second language acquisition. The authors synthesise current state-of-the-art research on how classroom interaction benefits L2 learning through the lens of three theoretical perspectives: cognitive-interactionist (with a focus on how conversational interaction may promote L2 processing and learning), sociocultural (which assumes that cognitive advances are located within social interaction) and language socialisation (which examines how learners position themselves and are positioned in social interaction, and how they establish their membership in the target language community). They go on to critically examine how findings from this research can be applied to classroom practice in diverse L2 settings; they then provide pedagogical implications and suggested teaching activities to support L2 teachers and teacher educators in harnessing the benefits of classroom interaction for L2 learning.

This book offers both an empirical examination of language ideologies and language policies in post-Arab Spring Tunisia and a detailed critical and interdisciplinary model of Language Policy and Planning (LPP). The authors present a comprehensive picture of how multiple language ideologies interact and play out as language policy against a background of political turmoil in a country with a complex history of indigenous and colonial languages. They utilise critical perspectives from Sociolinguistics and Applied Linguistics and add Critical Discourse Studies and a Discourse-Historical Approach to produce a model of LPP for scholars in other settings to describe and work to improve their own specific language contexts.

Identifies school language speakers as the missing piece in multilingual teaching.

This book lays out a radical new all-in approach to teaching in linguistically diverse classrooms: that everyone, including those who already speak the school language, is included in multilingual pedagogy. The author argues that school language speakers are the missing piece in multilingual teaching and provides a new resource, Linguistically Appropriate Practice Plus (LAP+) to help teachers engage these learners in meaningful language tasks and support their language skills and interests. With all learners on board, multilingual teaching becomes pedagogy that is fully inclusive and linguistically fair.

This book examines what ‘researching multilingually’ means in practice and theory. It is multinational and transnational in scope, including the voices of both experienced and emerging scholars who reflect on the process of conducting, analyzing and reporting multilingual research in various settings. Together the chapters address issues including theorizing multilingualism and collaborative research with multilingual scholars and research participants; navigating insider or outsider positioning with research participants; making and accepting language choices among researchers and participants during research; translating and interpreting multilingual data; and confronting policy challenges of multilingual research design and reporting in English-dominant contexts. The book ties these processes to existing theories of multilingualism in research and proposes new ways of understanding best practices while also wrestling with challenges and at times ‘failures’ in the research process.

This book demonstrates the importance of raising multilingual children in the UK, both for the children’s own benefit and for the benefit of society as a whole. Against the backdrop of both the rich linguistic diversity already present in the UK and the challenges faced by any languages other than a few major European languages to find any space in educational contexts, the author challenges the myth that multilingualism hinders English language acquisition and use, instead emphasising the cultural and cognitive advantages of multilingual education and support for home and community languages. The book is a call to action for educators, policymakers and parents, combining practical strategies with research-based insights to support its readers in advocating for multilingual education. It presents a hopeful vision for education in the UK, where teachers can combine technological innovations and the linguistic resources of their classrooms and communities to support and promote multilingualism.

This book is the first volume devoted to mindset theory and practice in language education, offering interdisciplinary investigations into the motivation, competencies, emotions and wellbeing of language learners and teachers. Presenting studies from a vast array of language learning environments, the chapters explore topics such as students' attitudes and motivation surrounding language learning, the effects of mindset on vocabulary acquisition, the mindsets of early career teachers and experienced language teachers, interventions on students' mindsets and interventions that strengthen language teachers' growth mindsets. The findings presented in this book will be of great interest to instructors and researchers alike and present essential developments for the field of applied linguistics and psychology of language learning and teaching. The book will be invaluable in improving the quality of the language learning experience for teachers and students in various academic environments.

This book synthesises research on very early language learning in pre-primary organised instruction settings such as kindergarten, nursery or afternoon classes. Using a framework of ecological development, it investigates the nested systems in which very young learners operate, the other agents involved in each of these systems and the influence these agents have on children’s foreign language learning. It explores the ecosystems of the individual learner and their family, educational institutions, general social climate and language education policies, resulting in a holistic view of early language learning and the key transitions into and out of pre-primary formal instruction settings. This is the first book to gather research to date on very young learners in formal settings, offering a comprehensive state of the art to researchers and graduate students in early language learning, second language acquisition and early years pedagogy.

This book sheds light on the role of mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB MLE) as a means to enhance educational outcomes, creating a space for non-dominant languages alongside more dominant regional, national and international languages. It brings together a number of underlying concerns including the maintenance of non-dominant languages, the context of language policy and planning in shaping this process, the poor educational outcomes of many speakers of non-dominant languages in mainstream education programs and the economic and social importance of becoming multilingual. It focuses on the experiences of those involved in MTB MLE programs in early childhood, primary, secondary, tertiary and adult education from numerous settings in the Asia-Pacific region. This book provides readers with a detailed overview of MTB MLE, with a clear and insightful portrayal of the complex nature of policy and practice in both more accommodating and less accommodating sociopolitical environments.

This book offers a practical guide for scenario planning to make sense of the future of tourism for practitioners, researchers and students. It provides an overview of the theoretical development of scenario planning, describes the scenario planning method and puts it into the context of strategic foresight. A variety of scenario planning and futures case studies are presented which demonstrate how scenario planning is used and deployed. Each case study is drawn from the European Tourism Futures Institute’s 12 years of practice, emphasising the different stages of the scenario planning method, and includes learning points and discussion questions to help readers understand key concepts, theories and applications.

This book shifts the focus of peacebuilding away from nation-states and international organisations to make a powerful argument that sustainable peacebuilding is the work of ordinary people. It brings together work done in Gaza, Ghana, Mexico, Morocco and Zimbabwe, alongside work with refugees in Scotland, to argue for a place for successful intercultural relations as a central aim of peacebuilding, moving beyond the more usual focus on economic development. With a particular emphasis on addressing gender-based violence and the role of women in peacebuilding, together with a central role for arts and culture as a means of resistance and social change, the chapters represent the fruit of collaborative work across geographical and cultural borders, between artists, activists and academics, bringing a wide range of disciplinary perspectives to bear on situations of violence and precarity. In a world where peace work can feel increasingly futile, this book makes a powerful case for the crucial role of local action and cultural work and play in the creation of a better future.  

The book will be open access under a CC BY ND licence.

This book examines the pedagogical and professional experiences of a transnational group of teachers from the African continent and diaspora who made the decision to live and teach English in Japan. Through a layered analytical framework, it explores how these teachers struggle to negotiate their raciolinguistic identities in contexts that may prove to be professionally supportive in some cases but marginalizing in others. The author contends that although multiculturalism and diversity within ELT in Japan may currently seem to be more prevalent, the agency that Black teachers exercise in promoting their own cultures and language varieties may be constrained depending on the characteristics of the institutions in which they teach. The issues raised in this volume will be relevant to educators, administrators, curriculum and materials developers, and researchers committed to promoting equity, racial harmony and intercultural understanding in language education.

This book explores alternative approaches to foreign language education in a context which is traditionally dominated by English-only approaches, and widely viewed as highly monolingual. It examines the grassroots classroom practices of teachers and their assistants involved in plurilingual education in the first longitudinal research of its type in the Japanese context. These practices are grounded in depictions of the practitioners’ personal and professional trajectories through explorations of their visual linguistic autobiographies. The holistic ethnography thus deepens understanding of plurilingualism in a hitherto underexplored context, and should be of interest to students and researchers of language teaching, teacher training, language policy, sociolinguistics and plurilingualism.

Completing a thesis is a crucial final stage in many bachelor’s and master’s programmes across Europe and beyond. However, the process of thesis writing, how it is experienced by the writers, and how those experiences impact on writing remain underexplored. This book examines the student experience of thesis writing through an interdisciplinary perspective drawing on theories of learning, emotions, and genre and narrative/discursive analysis. As a result of this approach, the thesis is reconceptualised as a multilayered experience from the point of view of student writers. The chapters, which arose out of a collaborative research project across 10 European countries, employ an innovative combination of methods including the use of journey plots to provide a complex picture of the thesis writing process, which will be of interest to readers involved in academic writing at all levels.

This book introduces the main concepts of pragmatics as they relate to the young English language learner classroom and research with young second language learners (YLLs). It considers the speech acts which are particularly relevant to YLLs and presents research findings on learners’ development of speech act perception and production. It provides pre- and in-service second language (L2) teachers, teacher educators and researchers with an understanding of young learners’ pragmatic development and with ideas for research-based approaches and specific classroom activities to help foster speech act development in the YLL classroom. Moving beyond the research methods traditionally employed in L2 pragmatics research, it also demonstrates how participant-centred data elicitation methods can be effective when conducting research with children. This book will appeal to researchers, advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in applied linguistics and TESOL, as well as pre- and in-service primary school L2 teachers and teacher educators.

This book explores the interplay between English for specific purposes (ESP) and English-medium instruction (EMI), the complementary ways in which EMI and ESP are implemented in different contexts, as well as teaching and assessing challenges. Furthermore, it considers teaching practices used by ESP professionals and the kind of support given to EMI through ESP. The book makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research around EMI and ESP by offering a combined study of the presence, practices, roles and impact of English in EMI and ESP in internationalised universities. Looking at the interplay between these two types of instruction, this volume provides an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to explore how universities can (1) benefit from ESP and EMI to enhance international skills among lecturers and students in an inclusive way, (2) examine the impact of ESP and EMI on the internationalisation of Higher Education institutions, and (3) assess the outcomes that result from institutionally bundling ESP and EMI as complementary internationalisation actions in a sustainable manner. 

This book brings together current research on the impact of affective factors on learning in English-medium instruction (EMI), exploring both student and teacher perspectives. With the number of EMI programs rapidly increasing around the world, it offers a timely investigation into the affective dimension in these settings to provide a better understanding of how programs can be streamlined and enhanced. The chapters cover topics such as learner motivation, anxiety, emotions, willingness to communicate, teacher motivation and teacher beliefs. They offer new insights into the field with data from Anglophone and non-Anglophone countries, monolingual and multilingual territories as well as migration contexts. Each chapter concludes with recommendations for both language and content teachers in higher education settings. This book will be of interest to researchers working in the fields of applied linguistics, bilingual education, multilingualism and language teaching as well as teacher trainers and adult education instructors seeking to expand their knowledge on the affective dimension.

This book highlights the roles of several individual difference (ID) variables on the language learning process, exploring them from both the students’ and the teachers’ perspectives. It presents the results of a large-scale, mixed-methods investigation which was conducted with secondary school pupils and their teachers in Hungary. The quantitative questionnaire data is used to analyze the English language learners’ motivation, autonomy and self-efficacy beliefs, and to examine the relationships between these and a wide range of positive and negative emotions. The qualitative data, consisting of interviews with teachers, gives voice not only to an understanding of student-related ID variables but also to teachers’ reflections on their own cognitive, affective and behavioral processes. Taken together, the contrastive analysis of these two datasets yields interactional results that provide fresh insights into the language learning process and practical classroom applications.

Over the past six decades, the field of teaching modern foreign languages to young learners has come a long way, from the early surmises about the advantages of a young start to today’s widespread integration of foreign languages into curricula in public and private schools. The chapters in this book bring together internationally renowned researchers who have been vocal in establishing early language teaching and learning as an independent area of research and novice voices who represent a new generation of devoted researchers to present a state-of-the-art volume on the topic. The authors address key questions about young learner second/foreign language (L2/FL) development, methodological issues when conducting research with young learners, L2/FL teaching pedagogy, language education policy, technology enhanced learning and assessment. Together, the chapters capture the reality of early FL development in the context of a globalized world and will be of great interest to researchers and postgraduate students of SLA and Applied Linguistics, specifically in the field of early language development and teaching languages to young learners.

This book fosters an awareness of multilingualism as lived or as subjectively experienced from the perspective of those involved in language education and teacher education. Responding to multilingual and visual turns, it widens the repertoire of methodologies dominating the field of language teacher education, from linguistic or verbal to visual. The chapters, written by practising language teachers and teacher educators, explore aspects of multilingualism accessed through visual means in a wide range of contexts. Using social justice as a transformative framework, they highlight the biases, inequalities and linguistic hierarchies within schools and teacher education, and promote respect for linguistic plurality and cultural diversity in these settings. They illustrate how visual methods can be used to reconstruct histories of individual multilingualism, identify present language ideologies and support teachers’ professional development by means of envisioning the future self in action. This book will be of interest to those involved in language education and language teacher education, including researchers, practising language teachers, student or trainee teachers and teacher educators.

This book is Open Access under a CC BY NC ND license.

This is the first edited volume to bring together research on the interaction between language teacher identity and wellbeing. It addresses the need for further research on the experience of language teachers and the vulnerability and resilience they demonstrate in the face of threats to their wellbeing. Naming, describing and analyzing issues with a view to sensitively addressing them, this book contributes to research as a social enterprise which can raise public consciousness of these issues. Exploring how language teacher identity influences and is influenced by wellbeing, the chapters develop a theoretical and empirical understanding of this interaction using Indigenous, psychological, critical and postmodern frameworks and the personal perspectives of teachers and researchers. Spanning a wide range of cultural and institutional contexts, this book provides a wealth of insights for teacher learners, practicing teachers and researchers.

This book envisions the future of tourism in an economy that is largely automated. ‘Robonomics’ is the term given to this economic system that relies on robots, artificial intelligence and automation technologies for the production of goods and delivery of services instead of human labour. The volume examines the unique technological, socioeconomic and political situation that such an economy will create, and reflects on how tourism is then produced, consumed and paid for. The chapters explore some controversial solutions to the challenges of the robonomic economic system, such as redefinition of human rights, robot rights and universal basic income schemes. The chapters also consider the transition to a robonomic tourism ecosystem and the adjustments and innovations that will be required of consumers, industry and society.

This book fills a large gap in our understanding of how to prepare teachers for the challenging but increasingly popular task of integrating content and language instruction. It brings together findings on content-based teacher education from Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and North America in order to inform researchers and teacher educators and enable them to play a critical role in the continued success of such programs. It offers a solid grounding in theories and applications of content-based approaches with empirical studies investigating teacher identity, materials design, use of cognitive discourse functions and best practices for teacher education. Responding to the growing popularity of content-based programs and the shortage of qualified teachers for these contexts, this book promotes teacher-researcher collaboration and provides support for trainee teachers, in-service teachers and course leaders.

Highlights the first-person narratives of key stakeholders of the landmark Lau v. Nichols case.

This book employs a narrative policy portraiture approach to recenter the stories of the Chinese community involved in the Lau v. Nichols court case of 1974. This seminal Supreme Court case ruled that the failure to provide adequate and accessible instruction to approximately 1800 students of Chinese ancestry denied them the opportunity to participate in public education and constituted a discrimination on the basis of national origin.

While much has been written on language education policy changes for emergent bilinguals in the US, the perspectives of the key actors involved in the case are rarely heard. This book brings Chinese and Chinese American voices to the forefront, placing the participants within the retrospective social context as they reach their own conclusions about the process and outcomes of the case. It draws upon research in language policy and Asian American studies and invites readers to imagine the social futures and possibilities for what Lau v. Nichols means for the 21st century and beyond.

The volume fills a significant gap in narration, representation and retrospective research and will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in Asian American studies, bilingual education, educational policy and leadership, as well as teachers, school administrators and policymakers.