Austria from Habsburg to Hitler, Volume I: Labor's Workshop of Democracy offers a meticulous exploration of Austria's journey from the fall of the Habsburg Empire to its first republic. Written by Charles A. Gulick, the book investigates the rise of the Austrian working-class movement, its political and social achievements, and the eventual collapse of democracy under the weight of reactionary forces. Drawing from extensive archival research, interviews, and personal accounts, Gulick provides a vivid account of Austria's political and economic challenges in the wake of World War I, including hyperinflation, unemployment, and the fragmentation of the Habsburg Empire's integrated economy. He places special emphasis on the remarkable accomplishments of Austria's Social Democratic party, particularly in Vienna, where progressive reforms revolutionized public health, education, and housing, earning the city its reputation as "Red Vienna."
This richly detailed narrative not only chronicles the successes of Austria’s Social Democrats but also examines their struggles against powerful reactionary forces, including the Church, monarchists, and fascist sympathizers. Gulick carefully documents the political tensions that culminated in the rise of Austro-Fascism, highlighting figures such as Monsignor Ignaz Seipel and Engelbert Dollfuss, who played pivotal roles in the erosion of democratic institutions. The book delves into the ideological conflicts, armed confrontations, and societal fractures that foreshadowed Austria’s eventual annexation by Nazi Germany. By combining social, political, and economic analysis with sharply drawn portraits of key players, Gulick offers a profound and timely study of Austria’s tumultuous path during one of the most transformative periods in European history.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1948.
Karl D. Jackson
Traditional Authority, Islam, and Rebellion
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Traditional Authority, Islam, and Rebellion by Karl D. Jackson offers a groundbreaking analysis of political integration and rural political behavior in Indonesia through a close study of the Dar’ul Islam rebellion in West Java (1948–1962). Rather than focusing exclusively on the rebellion itself, Jackson uses it as a laboratory to test broader theories of Indonesian politics, exploring why some villages supported the rebellion, others remained neutral, and still others fought alongside the national government. His central argument is that Sundanese village politics cannot be explained solely by ideology, religion, or economic conditions. Instead, enduring systems of traditional authority—dyadic, personal, and affect-laden superior–subordinate bonds—played the decisive role in shaping village political alignments. In this model, villagers acted not primarily out of class interest or religious conviction, but from binding obligations to respected elders and bapak leaders who linked local communities to wider national currents.
Drawing on intensive fieldwork, interviews, and archival research, Jackson systematically tests and challenges explanations based on deprivation, education, exposure to mass media, and ideological belief, demonstrating that none of these variables alone explains village-level choices during the rebellion. Instead, political outcomes emerged from networks of traditional authority that enabled village leaders to commit entire communities to political courses with far-reaching consequences. The study moves from a detailed history of the rebellion and micro-level village case studies to a broader typology of political integration, contrasting the reliance on coercion and traditional authority in “traditional” societies with the emphasis on persuasion and economic incentives in transitional and modern contexts. By situating Sundanese politics within both Indonesian history and comparative political theory, Traditional Authority, Islam, and Rebellion makes a major contribution to Southeast Asian studies, political anthropology, and the study of state-building, offering enduring insights into how local authority structures shape national integration and rebellion.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Ching Kwan Lee
Gender and the South China Miracle
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Both Yuk-ling, a busy Hong Kong mother of two, and Chi-ying, a young single woman from a remote village in northern China, work in electronics factories owned by the same foreign corporation, manufacturing identical electronic components. After a decade of job growth and increasing foreign investment in Hong Kong and South China, both women are also participating in the spectacular economic transformation that has come to be called the South China miracle. Yet, as Ching Kwan Lee demonstrates in her unique and fascinating study of women workers on either side of the Chinese-Hong Kong border, the working lives and factory cultures of these women are vastly different.
In this rich comparative ethnography, Lee describes how two radically different factory cultures have emerged from a period of profound economic change. In Hong Kong, "matron workers" remain in factories for decades. In Guangdong, a seemingly endless number of young "maiden workers" travel to the south from northern provinces, following the promise of higher wages. Whereas the women in Hong Kong participate in a management system characterized by "familial hegemony," the young women in Guangdong find an internal system of power based on regional politics and kin connections, or "localistic despotism."
Having worked side-by-side with these women on the floors of both factories, Lee concludes that it is primarily the differences in the gender politics of the two labor markets that determine the culture of each factory. Posing an ambitious challenge to sociological theories that reduce labor politics to pure economics or state power structures, Lee argues that gender plays a crucial role in the cultures and management strategies of factories that rely heavily on women workers.
Both Yuk-ling, a busy Hong Kong mother of two, and Chi-ying, a young single woman from a remote village in northern China, work in electronics factories owned by the same foreign corporation, manufacturing identical electronic components. After a decade o
Winston W. Crouch
Organized Civil Servants
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In the early 1960s, the militant demands of some organizations of state and local government employees to participate in decisions about compensation and conditions of employment challenged many established concepts of public administration. A series of strikes revealed a lack of public policy and administrative techniques to cope with the problems presented by aggressive and innovative groups of public employees. Although civil servants had been organized in some communities for as long as fifty years, public attitudes about how such organizations should fit into the political and administrative systems were hazy in the 1960s, and official policies were fragmentary or nonexistent.
Some states adopted legislation forbidding public employees to join certain types of organizations. Some highly industrial and urban states enacted legislation creating a system of employer-employee relations based on the theory of collective bargaining developed in industry. California, the most populous state, developed a public policy that differs considerably from the industrial model.
In Organized Civil Servants, Winston W. Crouch analyzes factors in California’s political system that have tended to produce this policy. He also analyzes the efforts made to reconcile collective bargaining in the public service with the established concepts and procedures of the merit system of public employment. The ultimate outcome appears to depend on the scope of agreements negotiated between public employers and employee organizations at the bargaining table.
This title is part of UC Press’s Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
Bernard Yack
The Longing for Total Revolution
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Bernard Yack seeks to identify and account for the development of a form of discontent held in common by a large number of European philosophers and social critics, including Rousseau, Schiller, the young Hegel, Marx, and Nietzsche. Yack contends that these individuals, despite their profound disagreements, shared new perspectives on human freedom and history, and that these perspectives gave their discontent its peculiar breadth and intensity.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1992.
Sidney Hook
The Paradoxes of Freedom
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In The Paradoxes of Freedom, Sidney Hook explores the enduring tensions at the heart of liberal democracy, asking how societies can preserve freedom while confronting its inevitable conflicts and limitations. Originally delivered as Jefferson Memorial Lectures at Berkeley in 1961, these essays probe foundational questions of human rights, the scope of judicial review, and the moral legitimacy of revolution. Hook insists that rights are not metaphysical absolutes but practical claims embedded in social contexts, always subject to interpretation, balance, and the test of consequences.
Written with the urgency of mid–twentieth century debates over civil liberties and democratic governance, the book challenges absolutist readings of the Bill of Rights and critiques simplistic appeals to “freedom” unmoored from concrete realities. Combining philosophical analysis with reflections on American constitutional tradition, Hook offers a pragmatic, humanist defense of democracy rooted in intelligence and reasoned inquiry rather than dogma. The Paradoxes of Freedom remains a bracing call to confront the ambiguities of liberty with clarity, humility, and democratic courage.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1962.
Lily Ross Taylor
Party Politics in the Age of Caesar
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The advice given to Cicero by his astute, campaign-conscious brother to prepare him for the consular elections of 64 B.C., has a curiously modern ring: "Avoid taking a definite stand on great public issues either in the Senate or before the people. Bend your energies towards making friends of key-men in all classes of voters."
Party Politics in the Age of Caesar is a shrewd commentary on this text, designed to clarify the true meaning in Roman political life of such terms as "party" and "faction." Taylor brilliantly explains the mechanics of Roman politics as she discusses the relations of nobles and their clients, the manipulation of the state religion for political expedience, and the practical means of delivering the vote.
The advice given to Cicero by his astute, campaign-conscious brother to prepare him for the consular elections of 64 B.C., has a curiously modern ring: "Avoid taking a definite stand on great public issues either in the Senate or before the people. Bend y
Donald Hindley
The Communist Party of Indonesia 1951-1963
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The Communist Party of Indonesia: 1951–1963 explores the dramatic evolution of PKI under the transformative leadership of D. N. Aidit and his contemporaries, M. H. Lukman and Njoto. From a weakened party of a few thousand disorganized members in 1951, the PKI emerged as the largest non-governing communist party globally, boasting over 2 million members by 1963 and an additional 12.5 million supporters through its mass organizations. This study focuses on the Aidit leadership’s implementation of a "national united front" strategy, emphasizing the creation of a mass communist party, extending influence far beyond party boundaries, and navigating complex interactions with Indonesia’s major political forces. The narrative concludes in 1963, when the ultimate success of this strategy remained uncertain.
Rooted in Indonesia’s specific socio-political landscape, the book delves deeply into the Javanese society that provided the core of the PKI’s support. By examining the party’s grassroots efforts, mass mobilization strategies, and challenges within an underdeveloped nation, the study sheds light on why PKI amassed widespread support yet struggled to consolidate power. Avoiding a broader international perspective, this work zeroes in on Indonesia, presenting a detailed account of the Aidit leadership's influence and the socio-political conditions shaping the PKI during its pivotal years.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1964.
Carl Landauer
European Socialism, Volume II
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European Socialism covers the transformative development of socialism in Europe, exploring the intellectual, social, and political evolution of the movement from its inception through to the early 20th century. The narrative seeks to provide a comparative analysis of the movements in major continental countries, while acknowledging that an all-encompassing history of socialism in Europe would be an impossible task. The author notes the difficulty of incorporating all the various movements across the continent, especially given the extensive ideological interconnections and the influence of each country's socialist experience on others. For practical reasons, the book focuses on the more influential European nations, with a particular emphasis on Germany, France, Russia, and several smaller nations such as Belgium and Denmark, but excludes Great Britain due to the extensive existing literature on British socialism.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1959.
Angela S. Burger
Opposition in a Dominant-Party System
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Opposition in a Dominant-Party System: A Study of the Jan Sangh, Praja Socialist Party, and Socialist Party in Uttar Pradesh, India offers an in-depth examination of the dynamics and challenges faced by opposition parties operating within a dominant-party system. Focusing on Uttar Pradesh, a critical political and cultural hub in India, the study analyzes how these parties have worked to build and sustain their presence in the shadow of the Indian National Congress's dominance. By exploring the intricate interplay between political structures, societal mobilization, and intraparty dynamics, the book sheds light on the mechanisms that enable or hinder the growth of opposition in a parliamentary democracy.
The text delves into the historical, cultural, and economic backdrop of Uttar Pradesh, emphasizing its pivotal role in India's political landscape. It discusses the factors influencing the development of opposition parties, including social mobilization, cultural group dynamics, and the evolving expectations of constituents. With hypotheses grounded in rigorous fieldwork and supported by detailed analyses of party structures and election data, the book provides valuable insights into the adaptability and resilience of opposition parties in a complex political ecosystem. This work is essential for understanding the broader implications of political pluralism in India's democratic framework.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1969.
Ernst B. Haas
Scientists and World Order
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Scientists and World Order: The Uses of Technical Knowledge in International Organizations by Ernst B. Haas, Mary Pat Williams, and Don Babai is a pioneering study of the intersection between scientific expertise and global governance. Drawing on interviews with over two hundred scientists and officials across institutions such as the United Nations, UNESCO, WHO, and the European Communities, the book investigates how internationally active scientists conceive of their responsibilities and how their knowledge shapes policy. The authors examine rationalist, pragmatic, and skeptical “world order models,” showing how different cognitive assumptions about knowledge and action inform institutional programs in areas ranging from environmental management to economic development.
By tracing the evolution of nine major international science programs between the 1960s and 1970s, the authors reveal how technical expertise becomes institutionalized, contested, and refracted through political negotiation. At stake is whether science can serve as a transnational language for solving pressing problems—poverty, disease, energy, pollution—or whether political constraints and clashing goals limit its impact. Combining political science, sociology of science, and international relations, Scientists and World Order maps the cognitive terrain on which science, technology, and policy meet, offering a critical framework for understanding the promises and limits of scientific expertise in shaping world order.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1977.
Hung-chao Tai
Land Reform and Politics
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Land Reform and Politics: A Comparative Analysis delves into the intricate relationship between land ownership and political dynamics in developing countries, exploring how land reform has historically and contemporarily shaped political power. The book highlights that, unlike in developed nations where the decline of agriculture has diminished land's political significance, land remains a central source of income and political influence in developing economies. This interdependence has evolved; land reform, often driven by demands for political legitimacy and stability, challenges entrenched power structures, reshaping political landscapes. While economic studies dominate the discourse on land reform, this volume emphasizes its political dimensions, exploring the elite’s role in initiating reform, the resistance of landed interests, and the peasantry's evolving political agency.
The study adopts a comparative approach, analyzing the political processes and effects of land reform in eight non-Communist developing countries, including Taiwan, the Philippines, India, and Mexico. By examining varied reform experiences, the book identifies patterns in policy formulation, elite motivations, and rural participation, revealing that the effectiveness of land reform hinges on political commitment and leadership. It also investigates reform's broader political consequences, such as its impact on rural voting behavior, national integration, and political stability. Through this analysis, the book offers critical insights into the role of land reform in fostering political development and its potential to address systemic inequities in agrarian societies.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Eugene Lunn
Marxism and Modernism
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Marxism and Modernism: An Historical Study of Lukács, Brecht, Benjamin, and Adorno delves into the intricate and transformative interplay between two of the 20th century's most influential intellectual movements. The study situates itself in the historical confluence of Marxist theory and aesthetic modernism, exploring how the dialogue between these traditions shaped critical cultural analysis. Through a meticulous examination of Georg Lukács, Bertolt Brecht, Walter Benjamin, and Theodor Adorno, the book seeks to illuminate how each thinker grappled with modernist culture's challenges and potentials within the framework of Marxist theory. By tracing the intersections of their biographies, historical contexts, and philosophical engagements, the book sheds light on the broader intellectual currents that influenced their work.
The text focuses particularly on the period from 1920 to 1950, when these thinkers formulated their responses to the tumultuous social and political transformations of the time, including World War I, the Weimar Republic, and the rise of fascism and Stalinism. These contexts are not treated merely as a backdrop but as integral to the ideas and theories produced. The book underscores the ways in which these theorists critically redefined Marxist aesthetics, engaging deeply with the fragmented, alienated, and paradoxical experiences characteristic of modernist art. This comparative analysis not only highlights the diversity within Marxist-modernist engagements but also offers a lens to examine the enduring relevance of their ideas for contemporary cultural critique.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
James Petras
Politics and Social Forces in Chilean Development
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Chile, which suffering from many of the same social and economic problems that afflict other Latin American countries, has enjoyed remarkable political stability. With the exception of one brief interlude, Chile has been governed by elected rules for half a century. The feature of Chilean development that explains its exceptional nature in contrast to the rest of Latin America is the special role of the bureaucracy, which functions as a broker for the conflicting demands of both the new and the traditional groups. Yet a strong dichotomy is evident between the entrepreneurial and bureaucratic elites, which have benefited and participated in the dominant society, and the peasantry, which has been largely exploited and excluded from the polity. Petras finds that the attempts to develop a dynamic industrial society in Chile have so far ailed. Chronic problems of slow economic growth and a rigid social system have been managed through a delicate system of political balances involving established parties and interest groups. While this arrangement has contributed to Chile's stability, it has also served to delay the entry of the peasantry and urban lower class into the polity, and as these groups do enter the political arena, they do so as radicals, increasingly hostile to established leaders and institutions. Working with fresh data, Petras considers virtually every aspect of Chile's social, political, and economic development, including industrialization and the roles of the right wing, the middle class, the peasantry, and the bureaucracy; and he gives detailed consideration to the programs and behavior of the Popular Action Front (FRAP) and the Christian Democratic party. In his final chapter,the author hazards a number of predictions concerning the future course of Chilean politics. He anticipates that the present trend toward basic social change will continue and that this will include limitation of the powers and prerogatives of the rich, a greater role for the government in planning and directing the economy, and some outright expropriation. In the long run, a realignment of major politcal forces is probably, with the likely result that opposition to reform will increase. The heavy involvement of North American firms in the Chilean copper-mining industry could lead to a conflict between a national-popular government in the United States. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1969.
James S. Coleman
Political Parties and National Integration in Tropical Africa
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The essays in this book focus attention on the role of political groups in the new functioning and development of the new African societies and the political systems of which they are a part. The authors, all recognized authorities, have sought to identify and compare the manifestations of the general tendency among the new states of Tropical Africa toward the establishment and consolidation of one-party political systems, and to examine, in the light of this general trend, the different dimensions of the problem of integration. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1964.
Desmond Ball
Politics and Force Levels
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Politics and Force Levels: The Strategic Missile Program of the Kennedy Administration offers a comprehensive analysis of the sweeping military build-up undertaken during John F. Kennedy's presidency, focusing specifically on the expansion of the United States' strategic missile forces. The book examines the pivotal collaboration between Kennedy and his Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, whose defense policies transformed the U.S. into a nuclear superpower. By increasing missile capabilities, including the deployment of Minuteman ICBMs, Titan II ICBMs, and Polaris submarines, the Kennedy Administration fundamentally reshaped America's strategic posture, emphasizing deterrence through overwhelming military strength.
The book delves into the political, historical, and bureaucratic contexts that shaped these defense strategies. It explores the influence of pre-existing programs initiated under the Eisenhower Administration, the political climate of the missile-gap controversy, and the competing interests within the U.S. defense establishment. Through detailed accounts of policy decisions and their implementation, the study critiques the official justification for the missile build-up, revealing the complex interplay of intelligence limitations, bureaucratic bargaining, and political imperatives. This work serves both as a vital case study in defense policymaking and as a broader commentary on the influence of internal political dynamics on national security strategies.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Howard Wolpe
Urban Politics in Nigeria
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Urban Politics in Nigeria: A Study of Port Harcourt by Howard Wolpe probes a central question for postcolonial Africa: does modernization dilute communal politics—or intensify it? Focusing on Port Harcourt—an industrial boomtown created in 1913 and, by the 1960s, Nigeria’s second port and petroleum hub—Wölpe tracks how rapid migration, unemployment, and urban crowding produced new lines of cleavage even as “modern” roles spread. Rejecting simple tradition/modernity binaries, he shows communalism as a flexible, adaptive vehicle for competition over scarce resources—wealth, status, and power—in a culturally plural city. Ibos, non-Ibos, Catholics, Protestants; sub-regional Ibo factions; labor and managerial blocs: Port Harcourt mirrors Eastern Nigeria’s wider tensions while revealing how communal and noncommunal loyalties can coexist within the same actors and organizations.
Through a rigorously structured historical and sociological analysis—covering city formation under colonial rule, African political consolidation, enfranchisement, and the combustible decade before the Nigerian–Biafran war—Wölpe demonstrates how modernization reorients diverse populations toward common rewards, heightening interaction, insecurity, and mobilization. Case studies of elections, labor struggles, religious confrontation, and the campaign for a Rivers State centered on Port Harcourt ground the book’s broader claims about mutable group boundaries and the emergence of new communal formations under modern pressures. Illuminating the much-discussed Ibo capacity for organizational innovation—at once “cosmopolitan” and “parochial”—this study reframes urban political development as a contest among overlapping identities activated by shifting situations. Urban Politics in Nigeria is essential for scholars of African politics, urban studies, and ethnicity, offering a clear theoretical alternative to dichotomous models and a compelling portrait of a city whose economic centrality made it pivotal to both Eastern Nigerian and federal political trajectories.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Merilee Grindle
Bureaucrats, Politicians, and Peasants in Mexico
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This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1977.
Jerzy F. Karcz
Soviet and East European Agriculture
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Soviet and East European Agriculture, edited by Jerzy F. Karcz, brings together leading scholars to examine the complexities, contradictions, and evolving policies of socialist farming systems during the mid-twentieth century. Originating from the 1965 Conference on Soviet Agricultural and Peasant Affairs, the volume highlights how agriculture—despite massive collectivization and centralized planning—remained both vital and problematic for the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies. Essays analyze the sector’s role in supporting industrialization, its chronic inefficiencies, and its persistent inability to meet rising consumer demand. Contributors investigate such themes as Khrushchev’s ambitious but inconsistent reforms, the ideological underpinnings of crop rotation policies, and the burdens imposed by rigid administrative control. Particularly striking are discussions of how flawed incentives, arbitrary pricing, and excessive interference undermined productivity, while the private household plot often outperformed the collective farm system.
The comparative scope of the collection adds depth, situating Soviet developments alongside those in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. These case studies reveal divergent paths of collectivization, varying balances between state and peasant initiative, and distinct outcomes in output and social organization. Analyses of Yugoslav peasants’ skepticism toward agricultural careers, Polish resistance to collectivization, and Czechoslovakia’s disappointing productivity underscore how regional variations complicate generalizations about socialist agriculture. Essays also address labor dynamics, including the significant participation of women and the challenges of rural underemployment. Together, the contributions illustrate the broader tensions of command economies: between ideology and pragmatism, central planning and local realities, extraction of surplus and peasant welfare. By combining economic, historical, geographical, and sociological perspectives, the volume provides a critical foundation for understanding the structural weaknesses of socialist agriculture and the uneven reforms that preceded the eventual unraveling of the Soviet bloc.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1967.
Rene Lemarchand
Political Awakening in the Congo
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This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1964.
William M. Lunch
The Nationalization of American Politics
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The Nationalization of American Politics delves into the profound shifts in American political dynamics, focusing on the transformation of political parties and the rise of ideological frameworks that have reshaped the nation’s governance. Author William M. Lunch presents a compelling analysis of how, since the 1960s, local and state political influence has diminished, ceding ground to a centralized and ideologically driven national political landscape. This shift has redefined the relationship between government institutions and the electorate, as ideologies increasingly replace traditional party loyalties. Through firsthand observations, interviews, and detailed research, Lunch captures the nuanced interplay between evolving political behaviors and the structures that shape them.
At the heart of this study is an exploration of the role of ideology in modern American politics. Moving beyond classical definitions, the book examines how belief systems have become central to political identity, influencing policymaking, campaigning, and public discourse. Lunch’s insights, informed by years of participant observation in campaigns and political gatherings, offer a unique perspective on the ideological currents driving contemporary political movements. The Nationalization of American Politics is an essential resource for scholars, students, and readers interested in understanding the forces that continue to transform America’s political institutions and cultural identity.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1987.
Rodney W. Jones
Urban Politics in India
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Urban Politics in India: Area, Power, and Policy in a Penetrated System by Rodney W. Jones provides a rare, ground-level study of how politics actually functions in a medium-sized Indian city. Focusing on Indore in the late 1960s, Jones situates local struggles within broader state and national contexts, demonstrating how urban politics is “penetrated” by outside forces—bureaucratic agencies, state governments, and national parties—that continually reshape municipal power. His analysis follows the city’s historical legacy as a princely capital, its post-independence integration into Congress Party networks, and its industrial expansion, which created fertile ground for union organizing, labor machine politics, and factional conflict. By moving across multiple arenas—municipal governance, planning bureaucracies, labor struggles, and community organizations—Jones maps a political system fragmented yet tightly bound to larger structures of authority.
The study combines archival sources, newspapers, and intensive fieldwork, including extended interviews with politicians, administrators, union leaders, and community figures. This methodological depth allows Jones to reconstruct Indore’s authority structures, the shifting alignments of Congress factions, and the interplay of class, caste, and ethnicity in everyday politics. Especially vivid is his account of the municipal corporation’s supersession by the state government, which illustrates the vulnerability of local institutions to external intervention. At once a case study and a theoretical exploration, Urban Politics in India advances the comparative study of urban systems by examining how power is organized, contested, and exercised in a penetrated polity. It is indispensable reading for scholars of Indian politics, urban studies, and development, offering insights into how democratic practices are shaped by the constant negotiation between local actors and larger centers of authority.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Leslie Salzinger
Genders in Production
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In this engrossing and original book, Leslie Salzinger takes us with her into the gendered world of Mexico's global factories. Her careful ethnographic work, personal voice, and sophisticated analysis capture the feel of life inside the maquiladoras and make a compelling case that transnational production is a gendered process. The research grounds contemporary feminist theory in an examination of daily practices and provides an important new perspective on globalization.
Bruce E. Keith
The Myth of the Independent Voter
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Few events in American politics over the past two decades have generated more attention than the increasing number of voters calling themselves Independent. By the early 1970s Independents outnumbered Republicans, according to many eminent experts on voting behavior. Yet the authors of this incisive new commentary on American politics claim that most of this widespread speculation on declining party affiliation is simply wrong. They contend that most so-called Independents lean strongly toward one of the two parties and resemble—in all important respects—either Democrats or Republicans. Contrary to expert opinion, only a small segment of voters are truly "independent" of either major party.
Based on the most up-to-date 1990 data, The Myth of the Independent Voter provides a roadmap of the political arena for the general reader and scholar alike. Debunking conventional wisdom about voting patterns and allaying recent concerns about electoral stability and possible third party movements, the authors uncover faulty polling practices that have resulted in a skewed sense of the American voting population.
Demonstrating that most of what has been written about Independents for more than thirty years is myth, this challenging book offers a trenchant new understanding of the party system, voting behavior, and public opinion.
Arthur M. Eckstein
Moral Vision in the Histories of Polybius
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Arthur Eckstein's fresh and stimulating interpretation challenges the way Polybius' Histories have long been viewed. He argues that Polybius evaluates people and events as much from a moral viewpoint as from a pragmatic, utilitarian, or even "Machiavellian" one. Polybius particularly asks for "improvement" in his audience, hoping that those who study his writings will emerge with a firm determination to live their lives nobly. Teaching by the use of moral exemplars, Polybius also tries to prove that success is not the sole standard by which human action should be judged.
Arthur Eckstein's fresh and stimulating interpretation challenges the way Polybius' Histories have long been viewed. He argues that Polybius evaluates people and events as much from a moral viewpoint as from a pragmatic, utilitarian, or even "Machi
John L. Stanley
The Sociology of Virtue
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Georges Sorel's reputation as a proponent of violence has helped to link his ideas to fascist and totalitarian thought. Much of the literature on Sorel as developed this theme, at the expense of what Sorel himself stated as his primary purpose, "the discovery of the historical genesis of morals." How, Sorel asked, in the light of the development of modern industry and the vast powers of the modern state the individual can possess a sense of self-worth and at the same time help to sustain a cultural vitality similar to the great societies of antiquity? How is it possible to avoid the utter resignation and nihilistic relativism of modern existence? In his writings Sorel outlined a sociology of virtue that combined the importance of family love as the basis of community feelings with acceptance of the basis of individual vitality as constant industrial struggle against nature. Sorel's solution is different from Marx's: in place of the ida of transcended alienation, Sorel envisions an agonal striving against nature's unceasing resistance to our efforts. The Feuerbachian unity of nature that, for Marx, had been alienated under capitalism, Sorel regarded as being inherently fragmented by scientific procedures themselves, as well as by the industrial processes that correspond to those scientific procedures. For Sorel, the struggle against nature is the struggle that enables man to overcome himself, to strive against his own inclination to passivity, sloth, and licentiousness. The Marxist concept of totality so necessary to the vision of a communist society is rejected, in favor of a pragmatic, pluralist view of nature that parallels the social pluralism of a regime of workers' syndicates. The primary function of Sorel's famous "myth of the general strike" is to link the workers' constant struggles against capitalist employers to the never-ending struggle against nature. The feelings engendered by such a strubble constitute the true core of socialism; without such feelings, socialism is doomed to the same decay that Sorel and Marx foresaw for capitalist civilization. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Haruhiro Fukui
Party in Power
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Party in Power: The Japanese Liberal-Democrats and Policy-Making offers an in-depth exploration of the intricate decision-making processes within Japan's dominant postwar political entity, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Bridging the gap between political science and history, the book provides a nuanced analysis of how the LDP has shaped and responded to Japan's evolving political landscape. It underscores the LDP's unique ability to integrate the roles of bureaucracy, party factions, and policy-making councils, all within a framework influenced by Japan's broader cultural and historical context.
This study delves into the LDP's structure and behavior, particularly its mechanisms for handling controversial domestic and foreign policy issues. Through case studies and empirical analysis, the book examines the interplay of organizational frameworks, factional rivalries, and socio-political forces that drive the LDP's governance strategies. By drawing comparisons with Western political systems and utilizing data from party publications, interviews, and media sources, it situates the LDP as a pivotal force in Japan's parliamentary cabinet system. This work is an essential resource for scholars and students seeking to understand the complexity of political power and policy-making in Japan's modern democracy.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1970.
Joseph White
The Deficit and the Public Interest
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Political time is counted not in years, but in issues—the Depression defined the political era of the 1930s just as the Cold War did the 1950s and civil rights the 1960s. In the 1980s, the federal budget loomed as the dominant issue by which all others were considered and has become a concern that catalyzes debate in our nation's capital. In this definitive work, Joseph White and Aaron Wildavsky describe and analyze the struggles over taxing and spending from Carter's last year through the Reagan administration.
The battle of the budget is largely about defining the role of the government and its relationship to the people. It involves congressional horse-trading, partisan posturing, and technical tricks that affect billions of dollars. It is also a story of politicians operating within constraints set by both public opinion and political interpretation of economic reality. Though budgeting has always been important, its impact on the national agenda has grown dramatically.
Based on documentary sources and extensive interviews with participants, The Deficit and the Public Interest explains how budgeting works so the reader can see what is at stake in seemingly arcane disputes. It also explains the relationship of the budget to the media as well as to party and policy activists and explores the ways in which the deficit represents a crisis of confidence in our institutions, preeminently Congress and the presidency. Along the way, it provides a uniquely comprehensive account of the entire budget problem, exploring Gramm-Rudman, tax reform, and the continuing political gridlock.
The authors demonstrate that institutions have performed better than their members and critics believe, and they contend that extreme solutions to the deficit would likely be much worse than the original problems. Redefining the problem as one of reducing interest costs so the deficit becomes manageable, they proffer political advice on how to make this approach politically acceptable, both at home and abroad. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989.
Grant McConnell
The Decline of Agrarian Democracy
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The Decline of Agrarian Democracy examines the profound transformation of American agrarian politics over the past century, tracing the shift from a democratic and inclusive farmers’ movement to a centralized structure of political power. In the late 19th century, agrarian movements like Populism represented a collective protest against the injustices of raw capitalism, advocating not just for farmers but for all common people. However, by the mid-20th century, the agrarian landscape had changed dramatically. Organizations such as the American Farm Bureau Federation, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the system of agricultural education formed an interconnected power structure that redefined rural life and politics.
This evolution, driven by the inherent dynamics of organizational survival and expansion, marked a departure from the democratic ideals of earlier agrarianism. Instead, the new power structure prioritized self-preservation and influence, often at the expense of broader inclusivity. The book delves into the mechanisms of this transformation, the principles of organizational power, and the consequences for the rural community. It highlights how this success in consolidating power often came at the cost of marginalizing those outside the dominant segment of agricultural leadership, reshaping the essence of agrarian democracy in America.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1953.
Lincoln Smith
The Power Policy of Maine
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The Power Policy of Maine offers an in-depth exploration of the legal and political history surrounding Maine's hydroelectric power development, contextualized within the broader framework of New England's regional energy policies. Emerging from the author's doctoral research, this study delves into the constitutional and administrative dimensions of power policy, particularly as they relate to the interpretation and application of the Fernald law. While primarily a historical and policy-focused analysis, the work acknowledges the significant economic implications of these policies, which remain ripe for further investigation.
This study provides a nuanced examination of the interplay between state-level initiatives and regional energy strategies, offering valuable insights into the complexities of power policy in a region marked by interdependent economic and natural resources. It sheds light on how legal frameworks and judicial decisions have shaped the administration of hydroelectric power, contributing to ongoing debates about resource management, state sovereignty, and regional collaboration. For scholars of political science, environmental law, and regional planning, this work represents a vital contribution to understanding the intersection of energy policy and governance in New England.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1951.
Kristen Renwick Monroe
Contemporary Empirical Political Theory
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How can we best understand the major debates and recent movements in contemporary empirical political theory? In this volume, the contributors, including four past presidents of the APSA and one past president of the IPSA, present their views of the central core, methodologies and development of empirical political science. Their disparate views of the unifying themes of the discipline reflect different theoretical orientations, from behavioralism to rational choice, cultural theory to postmodernism, and feminism to Marxism. Is there a human nature on which we can construct scientific theories of political life? What is the role of culture in shaping any such nature? How objective and value-free can political theories be? These are only a few of the issues the volume addresses. By assessing where we have traveled intellectually as a discipline and asking what remains of lasting significance in the various theoretical approaches that have engulfed the profession, Contemporary Empirical Political Theory provides an important evaluation of the current state of empirical political theory and a valuable guide to future developments in political science.
CONTRIBUTORS: Gabriel Almond, David Easton, Murray Edelman, J. Peter Euben, Bernard Grofman, John Gunnell, Russell Hardin, Edward Harpham, Nancy Hartsock, Jean Laponce, Theodore Lowi, Kristen Monroe, William Riker, Ian Shapiro, Alexander Wendt, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1997.
Margaret McKean
Environmental Protest and Citizen Politics in Japan
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Environmental Protest and Citizen Politics in Japan examines the development and significance of citizens' movements in Japan, particularly those centered around environmental activism, from the early 1970s. The author initially set out to study political behavior and participation, believing that citizens' movements were similar to other protest groups, but the research led to surprising discoveries. Contrary to initial expectations, these movements proved to be a unique blend of protest and community organization, defying conventional political structures and assumptions.
The book focuses on the political, social, and environmental changes that these movements initiated, highlighting their role in fostering political participation and social transformation. By conducting surveys in 1972, the author captures the emergence of these movements at their most vibrant, when they were not yet institutionalized or following established trends. Although the movements were largely successful in their immediate goals, their broader influence on Japan's political landscape—especially regarding electoral change and the nature of political conflict—remains more modest. The book reflects on the evolution of these movements, their impact on political processes, and the role of social movements in shaping democratic values, while also analyzing the gaps between their goals and their practical achievements. It ultimately presents a nuanced understanding of Japanese citizens' movements and their political implications.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Ronald Beiner
What's the Matter with Liberalism?
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What’s the Matter with Liberalism? by Ronald Beiner confronts the triumphalist mood that swept the West after the collapse of socialism in Central and Eastern Europe. While liberal democracies congratulated themselves on their victory, Beiner—drawing on Václav Havel’s warnings—asks whether consumer-driven societies conceal their own “latent tendencies” toward emptiness. Instead of taking liberalism’s superiority as self-evident, he probes its limitations, arguing that a political philosophy reduced to tidying concepts or offering policy tips cannot account for the deeper questions of human purpose and civic life.
Beiner reimagines political theory as a form of truth-seeking narrative—storytelling that illuminates who we are, what we value, and what we risk becoming. He draws on Aristotle’s notion of “ethical fitness,” cultivated like physical strength through habituation; on Iris Murdoch’s defense of literature as a medium of truth-claims about human life; and on Hannah Arendt and Walter Benjamin’s vision of history as redemption for the defeated and critique of “progress” as a pile of debris. From this perspective, liberal neutrality is exposed as far from neutral: by privileging consumer choice above all else, it structures economies, cities, and even imaginations around a narrow vision of the good. Beiner calls for recovering a more substantive philosophical anthropology—one attentive to needs, virtues, and civic purposes—so that political theory can once again articulate richer accounts of character, community, and freedom. Engaging liberalism’s critics and allies alike, What’s the Matter with Liberalism? is both a diagnosis of liberalism’s blind spots and a bold appeal to expand the horizons of political reflection.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1992.
Frank A. Pinner
Old Age and Political Behavior
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Old Age and Political Behavior: A Case Study offers an in-depth analysis of the intersection of aging, political engagement, and societal structures, focusing on California as a microcosm of these dynamics. The study, stemming from a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project conducted by the University of California’s Institute of Industrial Relations, examines how older adults navigate their evolving roles within a rapidly modernizing society. Against the backdrop of mid-20th century pension movements, particularly the activities of the California Institute of Social Welfare (CISW) led by George McLain, the book investigates the motivations, organizational structures, and broader societal impacts of aging populations entering the political arena.
The narrative explores the rise of old-age-focused political movements, emphasizing how they emerged in response to economic vulnerability, social isolation, and legislative frameworks. The CISW, with its roots in earlier populist efforts like the Townsend Plan and "Ham and Eggs" campaigns, reflects a shift from utopian ideals to pragmatic lobbying for incremental policy changes. Through this lens, the study illuminates the tensions between dependency, advocacy, and leadership, questioning whether such movements perpetuate the marginalization of their constituencies or serve as a vehicle for empowerment. The book provides a nuanced understanding of how aging populations, often excluded from traditional power structures, assert their influence, highlighting both the promise and pitfalls of their political mobilization.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1959.
Donald L. Foley
Governing the London Region
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Governing the London Region: Reorganization and Planning in the 1960s explores the significant transformation of London’s metropolitan governance as part of a broader examination of urban government adaptation worldwide. Faced with the complexities of burgeoning metropolitan populations and their interdependencies, London undertook a substantial reorganization to address the demands of its growing urban expanse. This reorganization, rooted in extensive studies of urban governance across Britain, underscores a shift away from simplistic consolidations toward a nuanced understanding of metropolitan government as an integral part of a national system. Donald L. Foley’s analysis situates London’s reforms within a global context, drawing connections between the challenges and solutions experienced in Britain and other major metropolitan regions like Toronto, Stockholm, and Paris.
Foley argues that London's efforts highlight a key principle: metropolitan governance must balance local autonomy with coordinated regional and national involvement. The book emphasizes that effective urban governance requires tailored approaches that consider historical, institutional, and cultural contexts. By examining London's changes alongside broader urban governance initiatives, Foley's work contributes valuable insights to the field of metropolitan studies, offering lessons that resonate across varied urban landscapes. As part of an ongoing series of studies on metropolitan regions, this volume sets the stage for comparative analyses of global efforts to navigate the intricate demands of urban growth and governance in the 20th century.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
Irving Bernstein
The New Deal Collective Bargaining Policy
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This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1950.
Gene D. Overstreet
Communism in India
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Communism in India offers an in-depth exploration of the Communist Party of India (CPI) and its influence on Indian politics and global communism. Written under the auspices of the Modern India Project at the University of California, Berkeley, and supported by the Ford Foundation, this comprehensive study traces the evolution of the CPI from its inception in 1920 through 1958. It examines the intricate dual role the Party plays as a component of the international communist framework and as a significant force in India’s national political scene. The authors delve into the interplay of ideological strategies, factionalism, and charismatic leadership, shedding light on the unique characteristics of Indian communism and its deviations from global norms.
This meticulously researched volume provides invaluable insights into the CPI’s organizational structure, policy-making processes, and historical trajectory. Overstreet and Windmiller decode the complexities of communist literature and polemics to reveal the strategic fluctuations between anti-imperialist and anticapitalist stances that have shaped the Party's actions. By situating the CPI within the broader contexts of Indian politics and global communism, this book not only enriches our understanding of India's political evolution but also contributes to the study of ideological movements worldwide. An essential resource for scholars of political science, history, and international relations, Communism in India offers a nuanced perspective on one of India's pivotal political entities.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1959.
Nelson Kasfir
The Shrinking Political Arena
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The Shrinking Political Arena: Participation and Ethnicity in African Politics, with a Case Study of Uganda by Nelson Kasfir challenges conventional wisdom about political engagement and ethnic identity in postcolonial Africa. While political science often assumes that once people gain political rights they will not surrender them, and that ethnic loyalties are intractable, Kasfir demonstrates that regimes can and do contract political participation and mute ethnic expression. Focusing on Uganda in the late 1960s, he examines how state authorities dismantled structures of participation established at independence and attempted to remove ethnicity from politics. The result was a surprising decline in public assertion of ethnic demands, even though ethnicity had been central to Uganda’s colonial and early postcolonial politics. This paradox prompts Kasfir to reconceptualize both participation and ethnicity, showing that they are not immutable forces but contingent practices shaped by political engineering.
Through detailed analysis, Kasfir reveals participation as a composite phenomenon in which governments can either stimulate or restrict involvement, and ethnicity as an intermittent, situational force that rises or recedes depending on context. By investigating Uganda’s experience, he situates African politics within broader global debates about nationalism, identity, and state power. He further highlights how rulers frame policies to reduce political engagement—sometimes out of self-interest, sometimes with the aim of fostering national unity—and how such policies interact with the lived realities of ethnic communities. Richly informed by field research at Makerere University and extensive engagement with Ugandan officials, students, and citizens, Kasfir’s study remains a seminal exploration of the tensions between participation, ethnicity, and state authority. It illuminates the delicate balance African leaders confront in pursuing stability while negotiating the powerful pull of identity and inclusion.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1976.
Hans Barth
Truth and Ideology
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Truth and Ideology, by Swiss philosopher Hans Barth and translated into English by Frederic Lilge, is a landmark work in the history of ideas. First published in 1945, the book traces the transformation of the concept of ideology from its eighteenth-century origins to its radical formulations in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Barth shows how a term once meant to designate systematic inquiry into human thought came to carry the pejorative sense of false consciousness and partisan distortion. At the heart of the book lies a paradox: even theories that reduce all ideas to instruments of interest or power must themselves lay claim to truth, and in doing so reveal tensions they cannot resolve.
The study unfolds as an intellectual genealogy. Beginning with Francis Bacon’s “idols” as a typology of error, Barth then turns to Enlightenment figures such as Helvétius, Holbach, and Destutt de Tracy, who recast error as prejudice deliberately cultivated by church and state, and promoted education as the route to emancipation. He then considers Marx’s materialist reduction of thought to class interest and Nietzsche’s suspicion that knowledge itself masks the will to power. Schopenhauer figures as an important precursor to Nietzsche, while a later appendix adds Rousseau’s theory of alienation as a foundation for Hegel and Marx. Across these case studies, Barth demonstrates how skepticism about the possibility of truth intensified from Bacon’s correctable fallibility to Marx and Nietzsche’s radical suspicion. Yet he also highlights the self-contradictions that appear when such thinkers assert the truth of their own theories.
By combining meticulous textual analysis with an immanent mode of critique, Truth and Ideology illuminates the stakes of modern philosophy’s struggle with skepticism. Barth’s central claim is that human association itself depends on the presupposition of truth: agreement, whether in science, politics, or everyday life, would be impossible without it. The book thus defends the value of truth at a moment of historical crisis, written in the aftermath of totalitarian propaganda and global war. Both a work of scholarship and a passionate argument for intellectual responsibility, it remains a vital resource for philosophers, historians, and political theorists seeking to understand how ideology and truth are bound together in modern thought.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1976.
Richard Biernacki
The Fabrication of Labor
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This monumental study demonstrates the power of culture to define the meaning of labor. Drawing on massive archival evidence from Britain and Germany, as well as historical evidence from France and Italy, The Fabrication of Labor shows how the very nature of labor as a commodity differed fundamentally in different national contexts. A detailed comparative study of German and British wool textile mills reveals a basic difference in the way labor was understood, even though these industries developed in the same period, used similar machines, and competed in similar markets. These divergent definitions of the essential character of labor as a commodity influenced the entire industrial phenomenon, affecting experiences of industrial work, methods of remuneration, disciplinary techniques, forms of collective action, and even industrial architecture. Starting from a rigorous analysis of detailed archival materials, this study broadens out to analyze the contrasting developmental pathways to wage labor in Western Europe and offers a startling reinterpretation of theories of political economy put forward by Adam Smith and Karl Marx. In his brilliant cross-national study, Richard Biernacki profoundly reorients the analysis of how culture constitutes the very categories of economic life.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1996.
Wayne Sandholtz
High-Tech Europe
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Governments have recognized for decades the dynamic role played by microelectronics, computers, and telecommunications in the modern economy. Although Europe's deficiencies in these crucial sectors had long been acknowledged, it was not until the 1980s that European nations began collaborating to develop and promote high-tech industries. Their collaboration gives rise to many questions. Why, for example, did the joint efforts come at such a late date rather than in the 1960s or '70s? And how is it possible to work together in economically sensitive areas? These questions point to fundamental issues in the areas of international cooperation, international institutions, and technology policy. Before the institution of the collaborative programs ESPRIT (European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information Technology), RACE (R & D in Advanced Communications-technologies in Europe), and EUREKA (European Research Coordination Agency) in the 1980s, each European country sought its own technological renaissance through protection of national firms behind walls of technical standards, procurement preferences, and research subsidies. This thorough, carefully researched work examines the breakdown of these walls. It will appeal to political scientists, economists, and scholars of technology and Western Europe interested in the political contours of the high-tech landscape. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1992.
Spencer J. Palmer
Korean-American Relations
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Michael Barzelay
Breaking Through Bureaucracy
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This book attacks the conventional wisdom that bureaucrats are bunglers and the system can't be changed. Michael Barzelay and Babak Armajani trace the source of much poor performance in government to the persistent influence of what they call the bureaucratic paradigm—a theory built on such notions as central control, economy and efficiency, and rigid adherence to rules. Rarely questioned, the bureaucratic paradigm leads competent and faithful public servants—as well as politicians—unwittingly to impair government's ability to serve citizens by weakening, misplacing, and misdirecting accountability.
How can this system be changed? Drawing on research sponsored by the Ford Foundation/Harvard University program on Innovations in State and Local Government, this book tells the story of how public officials in one state, Minnesota, cast off the conceptual blinders of the bureaucratic paradigm and experimented with ideas such as customer service, empowering front-line employees to resolve problems, and selectively introducing market forces within government. The author highlights the arguments government executives made for the changes they proposed, traces the way these changes were implemented, and summarizes the impressive results. This approach provides would-be bureaucracy busters with a powerful method for dramatically improving the way government manages the public's business.
Generalizing from the Minnesota experience and from similar efforts nationwide, the book proposes a new paradigm that will reframe the perennial debate on public management. With its carefully analyzed ideas, real-life examples, and closely reasoned practical advice, Breaking Through Bureaucracy is indispensable to public managers and students of public policy and administration.
David Wilkinson
Deadly Quarrels
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Lewis Fry Richardson was one of the first to develop the systematic study of the causes of war; yet his great war data archive, Statistics of Deadly Quarrels, posthumously published, has yet to be fully systematized and assimilated by war-causation scholars. David Wilkinson has reanalyzed Richardson's data and drawn together the results of kindred quantitative work on the causes of war, from other as well as from Richardson. He has translated this classic of international relations literature into contemporary idiom, fully and accurately presenting the substance of Richardson's idea and at the same time bringing it up to date with judicious comment, updating the references to the critical and successor literature, and dealing in some detail with Richardson himself. Professor Wilkinson lists among the findings: 1. the death toll of war is largely the product of a very few immense wars; 2. most wars do not escalate out of control, they are vey likely to be small, brief, and exclusive; 3. great powers have done most of the world's fighting, inflicting and suffering most of the casualties; 4. the propensity of any two groups to fight increases as the ethnocultural differences between them increase. Contemporary peace strategy would therefore seem to be to avoid World War III by promoting superpower detente, and reanimating, accelerating, and civilizing the process of world economic development. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Norman Jacobson
Pride and Solace
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In Pride and Solace, Norman Jacobson presents a novel perspective on the history of politcal theory. He sees an implicit conspiracy between political thinkers and their audience, in which theory feeds the common longing for solace, while the conversion of the audience to the thinker’s truth gratifies a craving for immortality, the thinker’s pride.
In each age since the birth of the modern state, political theorists have found new forms of solace to meet the needs and character of their times. Machiavelli offers his Prince, the political warrior and national savior. Hobbes combats people’s fears of their innate disorderly passions with great artificial systems of law and science. And to give people all the the advantages of both the state of nature and civilized life, Rousseau fashions the social contract as the new basis of human political community.
Despite attempts to develop a political theory without solace by such writers as Orwell, Arendt, and Camus, theorists still flourish who profess a dogmatic faith in history or in revolution, in Western technological superiority or Third World righteousness, and who condone torture and casual murder to attain ends seen as just, honorable, or foreordained.
Jacobson’s book wages an intellectual struggle on two fronts: against the prideful offer of salvation by political means, and against the stoical rejection of solace in any form whatever. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
Jesse J. McCorry
Marcus Foster and the Oakland Public Schools
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Critics of public organizations have charged them with rigidity, insensitivity to public needs, inefficiency, and other faults. The charges are not new, but the surge of urban political activism during the 1960s gave a sense of urgency to demands for organizational change. Marcus Foster and the Oakland Public Schools examines an urban political executive’s efforts to meet those demands.
In an attempt to reform education bureaucracy, Marcus Foster—former superintendent of schools in Oakland, California—introduced a three-part program of community participation, decentralization, and budgeting. Each component responded to a specific criticism of bureaucracies, and each was strongly supported by students of organizations.
The most successful changes were those for which the superintendent controlled the requisite resources, enabling Foster to initiate community involvement and determine its procedures. But where change required existing bureaucratic units to relinquish some of their resources, Foster’s success was more limited. It was not, however, the control of resources by others but the unbridgeable gap between theory and application that burdened efforts to reform budgeting.
Jesse J. McCorry shows how the common notion that organizational change is thwarted by bureaucratic recalcitrance and inertia is oversimplified. Broadening analytic perspectives reveals that some bureaucratic reforms, along with their objectives, are beyond the limits of what even the most effective leadership can achieve.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
Maciej Lopinski
Konspira
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Konspira: Solidarity Underground offers a riveting and deeply personal account of the clandestine operations of Poland’s Solidarity movement during its underground phase. Built from extensive interviews with key activists, including Bogdan Borusewicz, Zbigniew Bujak, and Władysław Frasyniuk, the book illuminates the inner workings, challenges, and triumphs of the movement as it navigated the repressive political climate of the 1980s. The authors meticulously document the strategies, sacrifices, and resilience of individuals who risked everything to sustain the spirit of opposition and preserve the ideals of freedom and democracy. The narrative captures not only the historical facts but also the human dimensions of the struggle, providing a unique window into both the mechanics and the emotional landscape of resistance.
More than just a historical chronicle, Konspira reflects the process of creating the book itself—a venture that mirrored the conspiratorial methods of its subjects. From evading surveillance to safeguarding recordings, the authors’ efforts to compile these testimonies embody the very essence of the underground struggle. As much a metaphor for the complexities of resistance as it is a detailed account, the book transcends its journalistic roots to offer readers an immersive experience. It serves as both a vital fragment of Polish history and a testament to the enduring power of collective action and courage in the face of oppression.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1990.
Committee on International Relations
The Renaissance of Asia
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The Renaissance of Asia brings together a series of lectures delivered in 1939 under the auspices of the Committee on International Relations at the University of California, Los Angeles, capturing the extraordinary moment when Asia’s political future stood at a crossroads on the eve of the Second World War. Though occasioned by immediate crisis, the volume reflects strikingly prescient analyses of the forces reshaping the continent—from the stirrings of Indian nationalism to the vulnerabilities of French colonial rule in Indochina, from the factional struggles within Japanese politics to the evolving ambitions of Soviet and Chinese policy.
The contributors include Frank J. Klingberg on India under the new constitution, Melvin M. Knight on Indochina’s precarious role in Southeast Asia, Kazuo Kawai on the domestic forces driving Japanese foreign policy, N. Wing Mah on Japan’s continental aims, Robert J. Kerner on Soviet Russia’s policies in Asia, and H. Arthur Steiner on the future of China. Each lecture reveals both rigorous scholarship and remarkable foresight, with diagnoses and predictions that subsequent wartime events often confirmed. As contemporary readers will recognize, these essays not only illuminate the specific conditions of Asia in 1939 but also capture the dynamics of nationalism, imperialism, and resistance that would define much of the twentieth century. Both as a historical document and as a set of penetrating inquiries into the balance of power in Asia, The Renaissance of Asia offers essential insight into the making of the modern world.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1941.
Jan Romein
The Asian Century
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The Asian Century: A History of Modern Nationalism in Asia examines the transformation of Asia from a region defined by disparate cultural traditions to one unified by its response to Western imperialism and its revolutionary embrace of modernity. The author argues that until the 19th century, Asia lacked a cohesive history, fragmented into Islamic, Hindu-Buddhist, and Sinic cultural spheres with limited interaction. However, European dominance from the 19th century onward imposed a new unity, catalyzing a revolutionary period of political independence, social transformation, and scientific and technological progress.
The book traces Asia's rediscovery of its own identity through its engagement with Europe, highlighting the pivotal 20th-century movements that ended colonial rule and set the stage for modernization. Central to this narrative are the revolutionary changes in Japan, China, India, and other nations, which embraced science, reformed social structures, and pursued political sovereignty. The impact of the Russian Revolution and Soviet influence also played a critical role in shaping modern Asian societies.
While acknowledging the destructive legacy of colonialism, the author also recognizes the infrastructure, education, and administrative frameworks introduced by imperial powers as factors that facilitated Asia's modernization. The study integrates perspectives from across the continent, including Soviet Asia, and emphasizes the ongoing challenge of creating a global unity that transcends historical antagonisms. Ultimately, the work views the Asian revolution not only as a regional awakening but as a significant step toward the unification of humanity and a more equitable global order.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1962.
Lillian B. Rubin
Busing and Backlash
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This thought-provoking book delves into the racial, political, and social turmoil surrounding the Richmond Unified School District (RUSD) during a critical period of attempted school desegregation through busing in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Authoritative and deeply personal, the author combines field observations, interviews, and historical analysis to uncover the dynamics of a community torn apart by the integration of schools. What began as a court-ordered initiative to desegregate elementary schools quickly escalated into a heated battle between pro-busing liberal coalitions and newly galvanized conservative factions. The book examines the underlying racial tensions, class divisions, and ideological conflicts that defined this period, offering a microcosmic view of broader struggles in American society.
In recounting the RUSD's journey from liberal-moderate governance to conservative dominance, the book exposes the intricate dynamics of grassroots mobilization, ideological polarization, and the broader implications of busing policies. Through firsthand narratives from leaders and citizens on both sides, the author paints a vivid picture of the political and emotional stakes, from fiery board meetings to the broader national backlash against forced integration. Both a sociological case study and a narrative of political transformation, Busing and Backlash provides a nuanced exploration of a contentious chapter in the fight for civil rights and public education reform.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
Robert J. Lieber
British Politics and European Unity
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British Politics and European Unity: Parties, Elites, and Pressure Groups offers a comprehensive analysis of Britain’s complex relationship with European integration from 1956 to 1967. The book delves into three pivotal phases in British policy: the Free Trade Area and European Free Trade Association negotiations, the Macmillan Government's attempt to join the Common Market, and the Wilson Government's early efforts before the French veto of 1967. These critical years are scrutinized to unravel why Britain struggled to align with European developments and what lessons can be drawn as European membership debates reemerge.
Combining descriptive narrative with theoretical exploration, the study examines how economic pressure groups, political parties, and public opinion shaped European policy. Through a dual lens of functional representation and party politics, the book reveals the crucial yet restraining role of organized interests in decision-making. It also highlights how moments of heightened political attention, or "politicization," shifted control to national leadership prioritizing broader interests. This volume is essential for scholars of British politics, European integration, and public policy, offering valuable insights into the interplay between domestic pressures and international ambitions.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1970.
Paul F. Wendt
Housing Policy, the Search for Solutions
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This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1962.
Richard Sisson
The Congress Party in Rajasthan
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The Congress Party in Rajasthan: Political Integration and Institution-Building in an Indian State offers an in-depth exploration of the Congress party’s evolution and dominance in Rajasthan's political landscape. The book examines how this party navigated the challenges of integrating diverse princely states and traditional power structures into a cohesive democratic political framework following India's independence. It delves into the processes of political mobilization, elite recruitment, and the creation of new institutional linkages, emphasizing the Congress's pivotal role in forging a unified political identity in a region previously fragmented by semi-sovereign princely rule.
The study is structured around three key dimensions: the historical antecedents of Congress's emergence, its adaptability to changing political and social environments, and the internal dynamics of factionalism and conflict management. Drawing on a rich historical perspective, the book investigates the party's ability to incorporate diverse social groups, manage intraparty conflicts, and maintain a balance between traditional authority and modern democratic norms. It highlights how the Congress party became not only a vehicle for state-level integration but also a crucial mechanism for cultivating political participation, promoting systemic stability, and nurturing a democratic political culture in a region marked by deep-rooted traditionalism.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
David Vogel
Dynamics of Regulatory Change
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Critics of globalization claim that economic liberalization leads to a lowering of regulatory standards. As capital and corporations move more freely across national boundaries, a race to the bottom results as governments are forced to weaken labor and environmental standards to retain current contracts or attract new business. The essays in this volume argue that, on the contrary, under certain circumstances global economic integration can actually lead to the strengthening of consumer and environmental standards. This volume extends the argument of David Vogel’s book Trading Up, which discussed environmental standards, by focusing on the impact of globalization on labor rights, women’s rights and capital market regulations.
Stanley Chodorow
Christian Political Theory and Church Politics in the Mid-Twelfth Century
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Gratian's Decretum, completed around 1140, represents a monumental development in the history of canon law and Christian political theory. As the foundational text for a new, systematic approach to Church law, Gratian’s work combined the ancient canons with innovative scholastic methods, reconciling contradictions and offering a cohesive legal framework. This Concordia discordantium canonum (Concordance of Discordant Canons) not only became the cornerstone for the study and practice of canon law but also influenced the broader legal and governmental systems of medieval Europe. The Decretum introduced methodological rigor reminiscent of Abelard's scholastic theology, creating a system for resolving conflicting canons through distinctions and contextual interpretations. Gratian's work was pivotal in shaping the legal culture of the Church, establishing him as the "father of the science of canon law."
This study delves into the Decretum’s historical context, arguing that its significance extends beyond its intellectual contributions to include its engagement with the political and ecclesiastical dynamics of the mid-twelfth century. Gratian’s efforts coincided with critical developments in Church reform, the assertion of papal authority, and debates over the relationship between spiritual and secular powers. Far from being an isolated academic exercise, the Decretum reflects a deliberate attempt to create a Christian theory of societal structure and governance. By considering its original purpose and comparing it with contemporary works, this analysis positions the Decretum as a key document in understanding the interplay of law, theology, and politics in medieval Christendom. Through this lens, Gratian’s work emerges not only as a legal text but as a significant contribution to the theory and practice of ecclesiastical and political order.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
Thomas J. Anton
Governing Greater Stockholm
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Governing Greater Stockholm: A Study of Policy Development and System Change explores the transformative process through which Stockholm addressed metropolitan challenges such as housing, transportation, and urban development between 1946 and 1970. Led by socialist leader Hjalmar Mehr, Stockholm's policymakers recognized the inherently metropolitan nature of these issues and sought innovative governance solutions to avoid the "mistakes" observed in American cities, where fragmented local governance often hindered effective regional problem-solving. The culmination of these efforts was the creation of the Greater Stockholm County Council, a regional government structure designed to integrate policymaking across city and suburban boundaries. Through a longitudinal analysis, Professor Anton meticulously examines the interplay between policy development and institutional change, illustrating how Stockholm's leaders utilized regional planning, voluntary cooperation, and incremental institutional reforms to foster a shared understanding of regional challenges and pave the way for metropolitan governance.
Anton’s work not only serves as a historical case study of Stockholm’s metropolitan governance but also provides a broader framework for understanding urban governance processes in other contexts, including the United States. By analyzing the gradual evolution of institutions and policies in Stockholm, Anton highlights the importance of aligning governance structures with the complex realities of metropolitan regions. His analysis draws parallels with developments in U.S. metropolitan areas like San Francisco and Portland, emphasizing the potential of voluntary regional councils and national interventions to catalyze change. Ultimately, Anton portrays governance reform as a deliberate and dynamic process, shaped by political will, strategic compromise, and cultural attitudes toward problem-solving. The Stockholm experience offers valuable lessons on fostering sustainable and effective metropolitan governance, demonstrating that cities can successfully balance functionality, beauty, and livability through visionary leadership and cooperative policymaking.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
Stephen J. Kobrin
Managing Political Risk Assessment
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The accurate assessment of political risk can make the difference between success and failure for a multinational corporation, which must keep corporate objectives in sight while operating in a large number of widely varying environments. While environmental or political risk assessment has become an explicit function in many firms and is inherent in all foreign investment, the uncertainties of foreign political environments continue to pose critical problems for managers.
In Managing Political Risk Assessment, Stephen J. Kobrin describes and analyzes the techniques of political risk assessment employed by U.S. multinationals. His analysis draws on organizational theory, economics, political science, and international relations. The study reveals that those charged with political risk assessment have often not been fully integrated into the core of the managerial process, information from subsidiaries is often biased, and the flow of data is poorly controlled. As a result, virtually all firms experience difficulties in using environmental assessment in planning and making decisions. Kobrin persuasively argues that the thorough integration of the assessment function into the managerial process is a necessary step, as the need for political risk assessment intensifies with the increased interaction between international business and its social and political surroundings.
Political scientists, institutional economists, managers, and students and teachers of international business will all profit from Kobrin’s excellent synthesis of knowledge in this area of scholarly interest.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1982.
William Tordoff
Politics in Zambia
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Politics in Zambia provides a thorough exploration of the political landscape during the First Zambian Republic, spanning from Zambia's independence in 1964 to the establishment of a one-party system in 1972. This book contextualizes the emergence of Zambia as an independent nation-state, detailing the historical foundations of its governance and the challenges it faced in navigating post-colonial political structures. It examines how Zambia’s colonial legacy, particularly the administration under the British South Africa Company and later the British Colonial Office, shaped its political evolution, societal dynamics, and the framework for its independence movement.
The study delves into the colonial era's enduring influence, highlighting the fragmentation of traditional polities, the economic exploitation of land and resources, and the social upheavals that led to organized African resistance. Zambia's journey to independence is traced through its vibrant nationalist movements, particularly the United National Independence Party (UNIP), which ultimately led the charge for freedom. The book also analyzes how the country’s geographic and political ties to the racialist regimes of Southern Africa influenced its early governance and policy decisions, providing a nuanced understanding of the intersection between colonial heritage and Zambia's post-independence aspirations. Through its detailed historical and political analysis, Politics in Zambia offers a vital resource for understanding the complex interplay of tradition, colonialism, and modern governance in shaping a young African republic.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Stuart L. Bernath
Squall Across the Atlantic
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Squall Across the Atlantic: American Civil War Prize Cases and Diplomacy by Stuart L. Bernath traces the fraught intersection of international law, naval power, and diplomacy during the Civil War. Focusing on the Union Navy’s seizures of neutral vessels, Bernath reconstructs the “prize cases” that tested the limits of blockade enforcement, contraband trade, and the rights of neutral shipping. From incidents like the Peterhoff and Springbok cases to disputes over continuous voyage and violations of neutral waters, the book demonstrates how these maritime controversies strained Anglo-American relations and brought Britain and the United States perilously close to open conflict.
Meticulously researched from American and British archives, Bernath situates courtroom rulings and diplomatic correspondence within the larger stakes of Union strategy and international law. His analysis highlights the paradox of the United States, long a defender of neutral rights, now pressing belligerent claims against Britain, the “Mistress of the Seas.” By showing how the prize cases forced courts, naval officers, and statesmen to balance military necessity with diplomatic restraint, Squall Across the Atlantic illuminates both the international dimensions of the Civil War and the evolution of maritime law in the modern era.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1970.
Paul T. Hartman
Collective Bargaining and Productivity
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Collective Bargaining and Productivity: The Longshore Mechanization Agreement provides a meticulous analysis of the transformative effects of collective bargaining on productivity within the Pacific Coast longshore industry. Authored by Professor Hartman, this work explores the complex evolution of union work rules, transitioning from restrictive practices to innovative agreements that catalyzed efficiency. Central to the book is the 1960 Mechanization and Modernization Agreement, a groundbreaking labor contract that traded outdated practices for modernization, showcasing how effective union leadership can drive significant change. By dissecting the interplay between union dynamics, employer negotiations, and industry-wide practices, Hartman presents a comprehensive study of productivity, labor relations, and the shifting role of unions in an evolving economy.
The book's quantitative approach offers pioneering insights, particularly in its analysis of the impact of relaxed work rules on productivity. Hartman’s findings reveal that post-agreement productivity surged by a third within five years, driven largely by the elimination of inefficient practices rather than increased mechanization. This research challenges conventional theories, introducing concepts such as the "negotiated production function" to explain how tailored rules shaped labor-capital dynamics. Beyond its academic significance, this volume offers practical policy implications, serving as a vital resource for labor leaders, policymakers, and scholars seeking to understand how collective bargaining can adapt to and shape economic realities. From historical insights to forward-looking strategies, this work underscores the transformative potential of collaboration in labor relations.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1969.
William A. Dorman
The U.S. Press and Iran
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No one seriously interested in the character of public knowledge and the quality of debate over American alliances can afford to ignore the complex link between press and policy and the ways in which mainstream journalism in the U.S. portrays a Third World ally. The case of Iran offers a particularly rich view of these dynamics and suggests that the press is far from fulfilling the watchdog role assigned it in democratic theory and popular imagination.
No one seriously interested in the character of public knowledge and the quality of debate over American alliances can afford to ignore the complex link between press and policy and the ways in which mainstream journalism in the U.S. portrays a Third Worl
Joseph P. Harris
The Advice and Consent of the Senate
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This study offers a comprehensive examination of the Senate's role in confirming presidential appointments, a practice that remains integral to the U.S. Constitution's system of checks and balances. Originally intended to limit presidential power and prevent undue influence in key appointments, the process of Senate confirmation now raises questions about its effectiveness and the impact it has on the administrative function of government. The study investigates both the historical purpose and contemporary significance of this constitutional mechanism, providing a detailed account of how confirmation practices evolved, how they are enacted in today’s political landscape, and the complex relationships they create between the executive and legislative branches.
Central to this inquiry is the evolving nature of senatorial confirmation, particularly regarding the sheer volume of nominations submitted by presidents in recent years. Most of these appointments—particularly those for the armed services, foreign service, and other specialized career roles—are approved without individual scrutiny, turning Senate confirmation into what many see as a formality. However, for high-level civilian and military appointments, Senate approval holds significant weight, shaping the landscape of government leadership and often reflecting broader political tensions. By analyzing the constitutional basis, historical precedents, and specific cases of contested nominations, the study highlights both the strengths and shortcomings of the confirmation process.
The investigation also delves into the dynamics of "senatorial courtesy" and the extent to which partisan interests have influenced confirmation practices. This phenomenon grants individual senators substantial power over appointments within their states, often leading to political patronage and pressures that complicate the merit-based selection of public officials. Ultimately, the study calls for a re-evaluation of the scope of senatorial confirmation, suggesting that limiting its reach to only the highest offices could enhance government efficiency and reduce politicization in lower administrative roles. This approach, the study argues, could restore the intended purpose of confirmation as a meaningful check on presidential appointments, preserving the balance envisioned by the framers of the Constitution.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1953.
Junnosuke Masumi
Contemporary Politics in Japan
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This study by one of Japan's foremost political scientists examines the unfolding relationship between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the state, and the forces of industrialization in Japan from the 1950s through the 1980s. It is the only book in English to describe and analyze in detail Japan's political development during this critical period.
Masumi argues that Japan's rapid economic growth was promoted by an "iron triangle" among three actors—the LDP, the bureaucracy, and big business. This growth fueled the enormous social changes of the 1960s and 1970s, which in turn forced the transformation of the "iron triangle" and the basis of party power. In a final chapter, Masumi reflects on the end of LDP rule in 1993.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1995.
Jane Jenson
The View from Inside
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The View from Inside: A French Communist Cell in Crisis by Jane Jenson and George Ross offers a rare ethnographic portrait of the Parti Communiste Français (PCF) at the grassroots in the late 1970s. Based on sustained participant observation with the militants of Cellule Danielle Casanova in Paris, the book follows “ordinary” party members—foot soldiers rather than leaders—as they grapple with the contradictions of Eurocommunism, internal reform, and the PCF’s stubborn commitment to democratic centralism. Far from ordinary in their political commitments, these activists became both advocates of modernization and casualties of its suppression within the party.
Through detailed reconstructions of meetings, debates, and informal exchanges, Jenson and Ross capture the texture of rank-and-file political life: disputes over union strategy, the role of women, sexuality, and relations with the Soviet Union; mounting frustrations with party leadership; and the rituals of the Twenty-third Congress that codified decline. By foregrounding the lived experience of militants, the book shows how efforts to create change from below collided with entrenched hierarchies, leading to disillusionment and the erosion of the PCF’s electoral strength. More than a local story, The View from Inside chronicles a turning point in French politics and European Communism, illuminating how crisis at the grassroots mirrored the broader unraveling of a once-powerful movement.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1984.
Christine L. Williams
Still a Man's World
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Men who do "women's work" have consistently been the butt of jokes, derided for their lack of drive and masculinity. In this eye-opening study, Christine Williams provides a wholly new look at men who work in predominantly female jobs. Having conducted extensive interviews in four cities, Williams uncovers how men in four occupations—nursing, elementary school teaching, librarianship, and social work—think about themselves and experience their work.
Contrary to popular imagery, men in traditionally female occupations do not define themselves differently from men in more traditional occupations. Williams finds that most embrace conventional, masculine values. Her findings about how these men fare in their jobs are also counterintuitive. Rather than being surpassed by the larger number of women around them, these men experience the "glass escalator effect," rising in disproportionate numbers to administrative jobs at the top of their professions. Williams finds that a complex interplay between gendered expectations embedded in organizations, and the socially determined ideas workers bring to their jobs, contribute to mens' advantages in these occupations.
Using a feminist psychoanalytic perspective, Williams calls for more men not only to cross over to women's occupations, but also to develop alternative masculinities that find common ground with traditionally female norms of cooperation and caring. Until the workplace is sexually integrated and masculine and feminine norms equally valued, it will unfortunately remain "still a man's world."
Men who do "women's work" have consistently been the butt of jokes, derided for their lack of drive and masculinity. In this eye-opening study, Christine Williams provides a wholly new look at men who work in predominantly female jobs. Having conducted ex
Martin King Whyte
Small Groups and Political Rituals in China
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Martin King Whyte’s Small Groups and Political Rituals in China examines how the Chinese Communist Party transformed Sun Yat-sen’s lament about China as a “sheet of loose sand” into a system of remarkable social cohesion. Whyte’s central argument is that political elites achieved this by embedding citizens in hsiao-tsu (small groups of 8–15 people) across nearly all institutions—factories, schools, communes, offices, labor camps, and military units—and by requiring them to participate in political rituals of study, criticism, and self-criticism. These rituals, grounded in Maoist ideology, mobilized peer pressure to reshape attitudes and behavior, creating an organizational model distinct from both Soviet and Western practices. Rather than spontaneous communities, these groups were deliberately designed and supervised by higher authorities, ensuring that even remote or socially marginal individuals were drawn into political life. Whyte contends that the combination of daily work with ritualized political activity generated a “strict political atmosphere” intended to secure compliance and foster ideological transformation.
Because China’s closed environment prevented direct fieldwork, Whyte relies on intensive interviews with 101 recent refugees in Hong Kong (1968–69), cross-checked against early 1950s Party pamphlets that prescribed how hsiao-tsu should function. Using these prescriptive texts as benchmarks, he develops case studies across five organizational settings—government offices, schools, rural communes, factories, and corrective labor camps—to analyze how closely actual practice matched the ideal. His method is inductive: instead of testing Western small-group hypotheses, he builds generalizations about when and why hsiao-tsu succeeded or faltered in reshaping members’ conduct. Differences among cases reveal how organizational structure, leadership, and external pressures shaped outcomes. Ultimately, Whyte shows that small groups and rituals were crucial in the Communist project of national integration and mobilization, but their effectiveness varied with context, and persistent obstacles limited their capacity to fully unify society. The book provides both a portrait of China’s distinctive organizational strategies and a broader reflection on how states use ritual and group dynamics to transform political culture.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Jean De Kervasdoue
The End of an Illusion
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The End of an Illusion: The Future of Health Policy in Western Industrialized Nations critically examines the evolving challenges in health policy, focusing on the unsustainable nature of current systems in the face of rising medical costs and limited resources. The book argues that while health has long been regarded as a fundamental right, the growing burden of healthcare expenditures in Western countries challenges the idea that the welfare state can continue to provide unlimited access to services for all. As healthcare costs outpace economic growth, the illusion of abundant resources fades, forcing difficult decisions about the allocation of medical services. Central themes include the growing role of the state in healthcare, the implications of new medical technologies, the ethical dilemmas of healthcare rationing, and the shift from idealism to realism in health policy. The book aims to frame the debate on the future of health care, identifying key issues that will shape policy discussions in the 1980s and beyond.
The book is structured in four parts. Part 1 reflects on the historical context of state involvement in health systems and its impact on the current state of affairs. It critiques the notion that healthcare can remain a purely private matter, highlighting how economic retrenchment will push for alternative conceptions of medicine. Part 2 explores various perspectives on the role of the state in health policy, analyzing historical debates on disease prevention, the evolution of medical technology, and the ethics of healthcare rationing. Part 3 provides case studies from France, Britain, the United States, and Québec to offer insights into the practical realities and potential solutions in these nations' health systems. Finally, Part 4 synthesizes the findings from the case studies, speculating on the future direction of health policy. The book aims to contribute to a more informed, realistic discourse on health policy by addressing the complex interplay between economics, technology, ethics, and social values.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1984.
William Brustein
The Social Origins of Political Regionalism
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William Brustein’s The Social Origins of Political Regionalism: France 1849–1981 tackles a central puzzle in modern French history: why regions with similar agrarian economies—like Argentré-du-Plessis in Brittany and Bonnieux in Provence—have persistently voted in opposite ideological blocs for more than a century. Brustein notes that while western France has consistently aligned with the Right, Mediterranean France has been just as reliably Left, a striking divergence visible in national legislative elections from 1849 through 1981. He situates this pattern within the broader phenomenon of political regionalism, whereby entire areas maintain distinctive political loyalties across generations, as seen in the American South, Canadian Saskatchewan, or Indian Kerala. Existing explanations, Brustein argues, falter because they fail to bridge history’s concern with local particularities and sociology’s search for generalizable models. His solution is a theoretical framework that fuses rational-choice assumptions about individual behavior with the Marxist concept of the mode of production.
According to Brustein, discrete regional modes of production shaped distinct social structures in France, which in turn generated enduring constellations of cultivators’ interests and predictable patterns of political behavior. To test this mode-of-production theory, he turns to archival data from three pivotal legislative contests: 1849, when the divisions of Left and Right were first clearly marked; 1914, on the eve of World War I; and 1981, when François Mitterrand’s Socialist victory brought the Left to power. France provides an ideal case, he contends, not only because of its long-standing and sharply polarized regional voting blocs but also because both western and Mediterranean regions were largely agrarian and politically peripheral, making economic structural differences more salient. By combining comparative theory with close empirical analysis, Brustein demonstrates that regional political cultures were not simply accidents of geography or tradition but products of deeply rooted economic and social arrangements, offering a model with implications well beyond the French case.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1988.
Seymour Martin Lipset
Agrarian Socialism
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This work seeks to analyze the political and social conditions that enabled the rise of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in Saskatchewan, examining how such an agrarian socialist movement emerged and succeeded within a capitalist society. Author Seymour Martin Lipset approaches the CCF’s development and its impact on democracy through a sociological lens, considering the broader political landscape and economic pressures influencing Saskatchewan farmers. He explores the ways in which a marginalized community of independent farmers, particularly those affected by a single-crop economy, organized to gain collective influence in response to powerful urban and industrial systems that often left them at a disadvantage. The CCF’s grassroots approach provided a model of democratic engagement and highlighted the unique role of agrarian communities in political resistance and organization.
Lipset’s analysis delves into the CCF's ideology, how it evolved, and the challenges it faced when attempting to expand its democratic and cooperative ideals beyond the rural farming population to urban workers and the middle class. He contrasts the localized success of Saskatchewan’s agrarian socialism with its limitations on a national scale, especially as Canada’s economic landscape began diversifying post-World War II. Lipset contends that the CCF’s failure to secure broader support among diverse groups ultimately constrained its ability to enact deeper structural change across Canada.
Through this study, Lipset addresses the broader implications of the CCF’s experience for democratic socialist movements. He argues that while movements like the CCF demonstrate the potential for democratic resistance within marginalized communities, their efficacy depends on the movement's ability to adapt and build alliances with other social groups. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of the factors that sustain or limit grassroots social movements within capitalist democracies and the sociopolitical dynamics necessary for them to thrive.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1950.
Robert Zussman
Mechanics of the Middle Class
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Mechanics of the Middle Class: Work and Politics Among American Engineers by Robert Zussman offers a rich sociological portrait of engineers as a defining stratum of the American middle class. Drawing on interviews and fieldwork in two contrasting industries—traditional metalworking and advanced electronics—Zussman examines how engineers navigate their dual identity as both labor and management. The book explores what engineers do on the job, what they know, and how they relate to authority, collective organization, and career mobility. In doing so, it situates engineers within broader debates on professionalization, proletarianization, and the politics of technical work, showing how their daily practices illuminate tensions between autonomy and control, expertise and hierarchy.
Far from being mere technicians, engineers emerge here as central actors in the organization of industrial life and in the politics of the middle class. Zussman shows how their work connects questions of labor process to issues of citizenship, family, and community. He also traces the historical development of engineering, from its roots in craft and civil works to its role in modern research-driven corporations, highlighting the cultural and political meanings attached to technical knowledge. By combining detailed workplace ethnography with broader analysis of class and ideology, Mechanics of the Middle Class reframes the engineer not only as a builder of machines, but as a builder of social order itself.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1985.
Rufus S. Davis
The Federal Principle
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In The Federal Principle: A Journey Through Time in Quest of a Meaning, S. Rufus Davis undertakes a sweeping historical and conceptual exploration of federalism, one of the most durable yet contested ideas in political thought. Rather than treating federalism as a static form of government, Davis approaches it as a principle that has continually evolved across time, place, and circumstance. He begins with the covenantal roots of federal association, tracing how ancient communities forged binding compacts for defense and identity. From there, he follows federal experiments in the Hellenic world and medieval Europe, where leagues, alliances, and confederations sought to balance unity and autonomy. These early practices provided a vocabulary that later thinkers and practitioners would recast, culminating in the United States Constitution of 1787—an event that reshaped both the practice and the theory of federalism for the modern world.
Davis argues that federalism’s meaning cannot be reduced to a single model or formula. Instead, it is best understood as an adaptive principle: a way of structuring human association that continually renegotiates sovereignty, diversity, and cooperation. By examining both practice and theory—from covenants and confederations to the classic American design and its proliferating descendants—he highlights how federalism has served as a laboratory for reconciling competing demands of order and freedom. At once a historical journey and a conceptual inquiry, the book illuminates the resilience of the federal idea even as it exposes its vulnerabilities to misinterpretation and strain. Davis ultimately offers not a fixed definition but a framework for understanding federalism’s past as a guide to its potential renewal in the future—a study of enduring value for scholars of politics, law, and history.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.
Frank Mann Stewart
A Half Century of Municipal Reform
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A Half Century of Municipal Reform: The History of the National Municipal League provides an in-depth chronicle of the League’s origins, programs, and contributions to municipal reform from 1894 to 1944, with occasional references extending to 1948. This study examines the conditions that led to the League’s creation, its strategies for improving local governance, and the challenges it faced, evaluating its impact over fifty years of advocacy. Drawing extensively from the League’s publications, personal files, and public archives in cities such as New York, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Berkeley, the author combines documentary analysis with insights gained from interviews with key figures, including past Secretaries Clinton Rogers Woodruff and Harold W. Dodds. With access to unique collections like Richard S. Childs’ materials on the short ballot, this comprehensive work captures the evolution and influence of this pivotal organization in shaping better municipal governance.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1950.
Albert S. Lindemann
The Red Years
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The Red Years: European Socialism versus Bolshevism, 1919–1921 traces the turbulent aftermath of World War I, when socialist movements across Europe confronted the challenge—and temptation—posed by the Bolshevik Revolution. In the biennio rosso, the “two red years” between 1919 and 1921, revolutions, strikes, factory occupations, and general uprisings shook Germany, France, Italy, and beyond. At the same time, socialist parties long rooted in parliamentary traditions faced Lenin’s new model of revolutionary politics, crystallized in the Communist International. This book situates the confrontation in comparative perspective, weaving together the debates, polemics, and organizational crises that fractured European socialism. By following figures such as Karl Kautsky, Filippo Turati, Antonio Gramsci, and Paul Levi alongside Lenin and his Bolshevik comrades, it illuminates both the intensity of ideological conflict and the pragmatic struggles of movements trying to navigate postwar upheaval.
Drawing on archives, memoirs, and cross-national sources, the study reconstructs the pivotal encounters at Comintern congresses, the efforts at compromise through “reconstructionist” internationals, and the decisive splits that created communist parties across Western Europe. Episodes such as the Spartacist uprising in Germany, the Italian factory occupations, and the French general strike reveal the lived stakes of the socialist–communist divide, as theory and revolution collided. The book underscores the paradox at the heart of Lenin’s triumph: Bolshevism gained ascendancy over European socialism only as revolution in the West faltered, leaving Moscow both victorious and isolated. The enduring takeaway is that the Red Years mark not just a historical schism but a cautionary lesson in how movements for emancipation can fracture when ideals of democracy, revolution, and discipline collide in moments of crisis.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Rosanna Hertz
Working Families
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The dynamics of work and parenthood are in the midst of a revolutionary shift in the United States. Focused around a major factor in this shift—the rise of dual-income families—this groundbreaking volume provides a highly informative snapshot of the intricate fabric of work and family in the United States. With selections written by leading scholars both inside and outside academia, Working Families offers intimate stories of how families manage and how children respond to the rigors of their parents' lives, as well as broad overviews developed from survey and census data. Taken together, these essays present an updated and integral view of the revolutionary changes in patterns of work and family life occurring today.
Using a broad range of methodologies, the contributors reach across gender, age, and class differences. They discuss working-class as well as affluent dual-career couples and work sites ranging from factories to offices. Straddling racial divides, the essays range from studies of white day care providers to a close look at a Mexican maid's daughter. The collection as a whole refutes the assumption that there is one normal type of family or workplace. These readable essays capture our attention as they build, cumulatively, to an absorbing picture of today's families and workplaces.
John W. Dardess
Confucianism and Autocracy
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Confucianism and Autocracy: Professional Elitesin the Founding of the Ming Dynasty explores the profound social and political transformations that shaped China during the collapse of the Yuan dynasty and the establishment of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). This pivotal era marked the rise of an unprecedented level of imperial autocracy, a system that defined China's political landscape for centuries. The book delves into the complex interplay between Confucian professional elites, their sociopolitical philosophies, and the structural centralization that underpinned Ming governance. Rejecting notions of the Ming state as either a military dictatorship or a peasant-driven revolution, it positions the Confucian literati as central agents in constructing the autocratic framework, motivated by their vision of societal reform and moral regeneration.
Drawing on extensive primary sources, including 128 collected works from 1340 to 1400, the author examines how Confucian professionals navigated the national crises of the 1350s, offering theoretical and practical responses that laid the groundwork for the Ming's authoritarian structure. The text analyzes the philosophical underpinnings of early Ming autocracy and the Confucian emphasis on ethical governance, revealing how the pursuit of professional ideals intertwined with the brutal centralization of power. From the socio-moral reforms of the dynasty's founder to the eventual ideological shifts within Confucianism, this book offers a nuanced perspective on how Confucian elites shaped the Ming dynasty and China's broader historical trajectory.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983.
Arnold J. Meltsner
Policy Analysts in the Bureaucracy
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Who advises our policy makers in Washington? What brings these advisors to the federal bureaucracy and keeps them there? And how do their clients and the bureaucratic context influence the choices they make in selecting, defining, and working on problems of public policy?
In the late 1960s, professional policy advisors—called policy analysts—began to emerge in the Washington bureaucracy. Their job: to provide information and advice about the consequences of choosing different policies. Arnold J. Meltsner examines the various roles they asumed and the ways in which their priorities and methods were affected by the people they advised and the bureaucratic environment.
Drawing on interviews with analysts and using his own experience as a government consultant, Meltsner shows how political and organizational considerations extended the boundaries of the advisor's role in a way that went far beyond the analyst's own notions of what policy analysis was. As the profession began to take shape, there were few standards of external organizations to set expectations for the analyst's work. As advisors on the inside, many policy analysts became adept at writing speeches and memos and making political calculations. In short, they took on the folkways of the bureaucrat.
This detailed and vivid account of the experiences of analysts in a government agency is written not only for students of the subject but for all those interested in the general processes of our government. By providing a picture of the roles and behavior of the policy analyst, Meltsner points out the predicaments facing those who try to improve the effectiveness of analytical expertise within the government. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1976.
Susan Thistle
From Marriage to the Market
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A social transformation of profound proportions has been unfolding over the second half of the twentieth century as women have turned from household work to wages as the key source of their livelihood. This timely study, a broad comparative analysis of African American women’s and white women’s changing relationships to home and work over the past forty years, at last provides a wide-ranging overview of how this shift is influencing the shape of families and the American economy. Susan Thistle brings together diverse issues and statistics—the plight of single mothers; the time crunch faced by many parents; the problem of housework; patterns of work, employment and marriage; and much more—in a rich and engaging analysis that draws from history, economics, political science, sociology, government documents, and census data to put gender at the center of the social and economic changes of the past decades. With its broad historical and theoretical sweep, clear charts and tables, and accessible writing, From Marriage to the Market will be an essential resource for understanding the tumultuous changes currently transforming American society.
Bradley M. Richardson
The Political Culture of Japan
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The Political Culture of Japan delves into the evolving political attitudes of the Japanese populace in the postwar period, focusing on the influence of democratization efforts introduced during the American occupation. This study aims to document the shifts in mass political attitudes rather than elite or group behaviors, offering a lens into the broader impacts of societal and institutional upheavals. By comparing prewar and postwar political cultures, the author sheds light on how democratic reforms have reshaped public opinion and contributed to Japan's modern political framework. Relying on nearly 300 public opinion surveys conducted between 1958 and 1967, the book identifies general trends and patterns that capture the transformation of Japan’s political landscape during a pivotal era.
A central theme of the book is the contrast between the fragmented understanding of prewar political culture and the more systematic evaluation of postwar attitudes. The author carefully critiques the limitations of available historical data while using comparative insights from surveys to bridge this gap. By emphasizing methodological rigor and the significance of longitudinal patterns, the study not only provides a nuanced understanding of Japan's political evolution but also contributes to broader discussions on mass attitudinal changes in societies undergoing rapid democratization. This work serves as a valuable resource for scholars of political science and Japanese history, illuminating the enduring influence of societal reforms on political behavior.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
Robert G. Wesson
The Imperial Order
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The Imperial Order explores the dynamics of political power, focusing on the rise, operation, and decline of great empires throughout history. Drawing from Aesop's allegory of the frogs and their kings, the book reflects on the inherent tendencies of rulers to misuse power, often prioritizing personal ambition over the welfare of their subjects. The work examines how unchecked authority fosters oppression and corruption, ultimately leading to the decay of imperial systems. Conversely, it highlights how power, when divided or counterbalanced by independent entities or states, can promote freedom, individualism, and intellectual inquiry. By comparing centralized empires like imperial China or Rome with decentralized systems, the book underscores the dangers of unbridled authority and the virtues of competitive, pluralistic governance.
This study of imperial systems delves deeply into the mechanisms by which power consolidates and sustains itself—through deified rulers, bureaucracies, and ideological control. It also analyzes the intellectual stagnation and societal rigidity often accompanying such centralized regimes. Emphasizing the political configuration as the primary force shaping empires, the book argues that power's concentration, rather than mere cultural or economic decline, is the root cause of imperial decay. While acknowledging the complexities and intertwined causes of historical events, the author challenges traditional interpretations by highlighting political power's role in shaping societal trajectories. Grounded in historical comparison and enriched by modern political insights, The Imperial Order offers a nuanced examination of humanity's grandest achievements and gravest failures in the quest to govern itself effectively.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1967.
Giuseppe Di Palma
Surviving Without Governing
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Surviving Without Governing: The Italian Parties in Parliament by Giuseppe Di Palma examines the paradox at the heart of postwar Italian politics: a system of extraordinary social and economic upheaval, marked by chronic instability and yet surprising endurance. Written in the midst of the 1970s political crisis, the book traces how Italy weathered a turbulent period of labor unrest, student mobilization, terrorism, and economic malaise, while its governments—thirty-four since the end of the war—struggled to provide continuity and authority. Di Palma situates these developments within Italy’s broader reputation as Europe’s grande malade, highlighting the deep contradictions of a society simultaneously modernizing and fragmenting.
At the center of this study is the role of Parliament as both a crucible of political conflict and a key institution hampered by unresolved tensions between majority and opposition. Di Palma shows how the inability of Italian parties to forge stable governing coalitions, even in the era of the much-heralded Center-Left, undercut efforts at reform and fueled widespread disaffection. Yet he also underscores the resilience of Italian society, pointing to rapid secularization, expanded civil liberties, and grassroots participation as countercurrents to political malaise. Surviving Without Governing offers a penetrating analysis of the Italian political system’s performance, illuminating how parties, institutions, and society negotiated an ongoing crisis that continues to inform debates on governance, legitimacy, and democracy in Europe.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1977.
Thomas K. Keefe
Feudal Assessments and the Political Community under Henry II and His Sons
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Feudal Assessments and the Political Community under Henry II and His Sons by Thomas K. Keefe offers a groundbreaking study of the financial and military foundations of the Angevin monarchy. Drawing on the major feudal surveys of the twelfth century—the Infeudationes militum and the Cartae baronum—Keefe reexamines the machinery of knight service, scutage, and taxation to argue that Henry II and his successors created not just an administrative system but a political community bound together through obligations of service and money. By combining close statistical analysis with a reassessment of classic debates about scutage and feudal quotas, the book challenges long-held assumptions that Angevin kings consistently overreached and that baronial resistance fatally limited their fiscal ambitions.
At once a contribution to medieval political, legal, and military history, this study reframes the dynamics of power in twelfth-century England and Normandy. Keefe shows that scutage, aids, and assessments were neither routine exactions nor failed experiments but central to the monarchy’s negotiation of authority with the realm’s greatest landholders. His reinterpretation suggests that Angevin government was more adaptive, and baronial cooperation more durable, than traditional narratives of oppression and revolt allow. Feudal Assessments and the Political Community under Henry II and His Sons thus illuminates the interplay of finance, lordship, and community in the making of the English polity, offering scholars a richly documented and revisionist account of medieval governance.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983.
Arend Lijphart
The Politics of Accommodation
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The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands offers a groundbreaking analysis of Dutch democracy during the pivotal period of 1917 to 1967, highlighting the country's unique approach to managing deep-seated societal divisions. Originally published in 1967 and revised with a second edition, this seminal work by Arend Lijphart explores the concept of pillarization—a system in which religious and ideological blocs coexisted within a framework of mutual accommodation and elite cooperation, ensuring stability in a pluralistic society.
In the revised edition, Lijphart reflects on the transformative political shifts of the mid-1960s, when traditional social cleavages began to weaken, and deference to elite authority waned. The book's new chapter, “The Breakdown of the Politics of Accommodation,” delves into the unraveling of this model, tracing how evolving public attitudes and the erosion of bloc loyalties marked the decline of accommodation politics. Despite its historical focus, the book's theoretical insights remain profoundly relevant, offering a blueprint for managing pluralism in divided societies aspiring to democracy. It stands as both a retrospective of Dutch political evolution and a forward-looking framework for understanding and addressing the challenges of democratic governance in diverse societies.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1968.
Mark A. Graber
Transforming Free Speech
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Contemporary civil libertarians claim that their works preserve a worthy American tradition of defending free-speech rights dating back to the framing of the First Amendment. Transforming Free Speech challenges the worthiness, and indeed the very existence of one uninterrupted libertarian tradition.
Mark A. Graber asserts that in the past, broader political visions inspired libertarian interpretations of the First Amendment. In reexamining the philosophical and jurisprudential foundations of the defense of expression rights from the Civil War to the present, he exposes the monolithic free-speech tradition as a myth. Instead of one conception of the system of free expression, two emerge: the conservative libertarian tradition that dominated discourse from the Civil War until World War I, and the civil libertarian tradition that dominates later twentieth-century argument.
The essence of the current perception of the American free-speech tradition derives from the writings of Zechariah Chafee, Jr. (1885-1957), the progressive jurist most responsible for the modern interpretation of the First Amendment. His interpretation, however, deliberately obscured earlier libertarian arguments linking liberty of speech with liberty of property. Moreover, Chafee stunted the development of a more radical interpretation of expression rights that would give citizens the resources and independence necessary for the effective exercise of free speech. Instead, Chafee maintained that the right to political and social commentary could be protected independent of material inequalities that might restrict access to the marketplace of ideas. His influence enfeebled expression rights in a world where their exercise depends increasingly on economic power.
Untangling the libertarian legacy, Graber points out the disjunction in the libertarian tradition to show that free-speech rights, having once been transformed, can be transformed again. Well-conceived and original in perspective, Transforming Free Speech will interest political theorists, students of government, and anyone interested in the origins of the free-speech tradition in the United States.
Contemporary civil libertarians claim that their works preserve a worthy American tradition of defending free-speech rights dating back to the framing of the First Amendment. Transforming Free Speech challenges the worthiness, and indeed the very e
Richard F. Doner
Driving a Bargain
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Driving a Bargain: Automobile Industrialization and Japanese Firms in Southeast Asia explores the dynamics between developing nations and foreign investors in the context of automobile manufacturing. Focused on Southeast Asia, the book analyzes the national efforts of the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand to establish domestic automobile industries. These countries have pursued policies aimed at reducing dependency on foreign imports and building local manufacturing capacities. By examining the interactions between ASEAN countries and largely Japanese auto firms, the study highlights the challenges and opportunities these nations face in negotiating technology transfer, market access, and industrial autonomy. The book presents a critical examination of the bargaining processes that shape these countries' industrialization strategies.
Through comparative case studies, the book challenges prevailing theories of foreign investment and dependency. It critiques the structuralist approach to bargaining, arguing for a more nuanced understanding of local leverage in manufacturing industries. The study highlights the significance of local firms, the role of the state, and the political and economic conditions that determine bargaining success. By exploring the interplay between the private sector and government in ASEAN nations, Driving a Bargain offers new insights into the potential for developing countries to increase their manufacturing capacity and achieve economic growth through strategic partnerships with foreign firms. This work also contributes to the broader development literature by emphasizing the importance of public-private coalitions in fostering sustainable industrial development.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1991.
Charles Lipson
Standing Guard
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Foreign investors are drawn abroad by the lure of profits, but they also face significant risks. Standing Guard examines how investors coped with these risks and protected their capital abroad in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Toward the end of the twentieth century, less-developed countries, determined to control their own economic development, nationalized their most lucrative oil fields and mineral concessions and regulated all forms of foreign investment. While some firms were hard hit, many others adapted profitably to this new political environment. They rearranged their assets for self-protection and took full advantage of the tax breaks, low wages, and other incentives that attract capital to less-developed countries. At stake were not only corporate profits but also the character of national economic development and the global pattern of property rights.
Charles Lispon traces these evolving issues from the days of gunboat diplomacy to modern corporate negotiations, showing how investors have tried to minimize their vulnerability to economic nationalism. Standing Guard analyzes the shifting corporate strategies and shows how they have affected U.S. foreign policy, providing a thorough, clearly reasoned, and insightful analysis of the long-term changes in investment security.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1985.
Dean E. McHenry
The Third Force in Canada
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The Third Force in Canada: The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, 1932–1948 by Dean E. McHenry offers a detailed political history of one of Canada’s most significant yet often misunderstood movements. Formed during the crisis of the Great Depression and modeled in part on the British Labour Party, the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) positioned itself as a democratic socialist alternative to both laissez-faire liberalism and revolutionary communism. McHenry situates the CCF as a North American counterpart to Europe’s “third force,” a party that sought to reconcile parliamentary democracy with economic planning and social ownership. His study charts the CCF’s origins in agrarian protest and labor unrest, its national and provincial structures, and its relationship with organized labor, agricultural organizations, and the cooperative movement. The book highlights how the CCF contended with hostility from conservatives, cautious overtures from liberals, and sharp rivalry with communists, while maintaining ties with international socialist groups.
McHenry devotes special attention to the CCF’s electoral campaigns, its parliamentary presence, and its breakthrough in Saskatchewan, where the party formed North America’s first social democratic government under Tommy Douglas in 1944. He analyzes the Regina Manifesto, the CCF’s bold statement of purpose, and assesses the party’s attempts to implement policies ranging from socialized enterprises to expanded health and welfare services. Yet the study is not merely descriptive; McHenry considers both the assets and liabilities of the CCF experiment and probes its long-term significance for Canadian politics. Written as part of a comparative series on Commonwealth labour parties, the book places the Canadian case alongside experiences in Britain and New Zealand. By reconstructing the rise and challenges of the CCF in its formative years, McHenry provides a comprehensive analysis of democratic socialism’s possibilities and limits in the Canadian context, offering insights into broader debates about reform, radicalism, and the adaptation of socialist politics in North America.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1950.
Christine L. Williams
Gender Differences at Work
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Nurses and marines epitomize accepted definitions of femininity and masculinity. Using ethnographic research and provocative in-depth interviews, Christine Williams argues that our popular stereotypes of individuals in nontraditional occupations—male nurses and female marines for example—are entirely unfounded. This new perspective helps to account for the stubborn resilience of occupational stratification in the face of affirmative action and other anti-discrimination policies.
Steve Lopez
Reorganizing the Rust Belt
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This gripping insider's look at the contemporary American trade union movement shows that reports of organized labor's death are premature. In this eloquent and erudite narrative, Steven Henry Lopez demonstrates how, despite a hostile legal environment and the punitive anti-unionism of U.S. employers, a few unions have organized hundreds of thousands of low-wage service workers in the past few years. The Service Employees International Union (SEIU) has been at the forefront of this effort, in the process pioneering innovative strategies of grassroots mobilization and protest. In a powerful ethnography that captures the voices of those involved in SEIU nursing-home organizing in western Pennsylvania, Lopez illustrates how post-industrial, low-wage workers are providing the backbone for a reinvigorated labor movement across the country.
Reorganizing the Rust Belt argues that the key to the success of social movement unionism lies in its ability to confront a series of dilemmas rooted in the history of American labor relations. Lopez shows how the union's ability to devise creative solutions—rather than the adoption of specific tactics—makes the difference between success and failure.
Ellen M. Wood
Mind and Politics
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Mind and Politics: An Approach to the Meaning of Liberal and Socialist Individualism explores the intricate relationship between epistemological theories and political ideologies, arguing that ideas about cognition and the mind profoundly shape social and political thought. Drawing from the philosophical traditions of Locke and Kant, the book examines how their theories of mind—Locke's empiricism and Kant's critical idealism—lay the groundwork for contrasting notions of individualism. Lockean empiricism, emphasizing the mind as receptive and shaped by external experience, aligns with liberal individualism, which prioritizes personal liberty and minimal state interference. Conversely, Kantian philosophy, with its active and self-determining conception of the mind, underpins a dialectical form of individualism that integrates individuality with sociality, reflecting a more collective, socialist vision.
The book navigates through historical and intellectual developments, illustrating how these differing frameworks manifest in political theories of liberty, community, and governance. Through a comparative analysis, it highlights the "metaphysical" rigidity of Lockean liberalism and contrasts it with the "dialectical" dynamism of the Kantian tradition, culminating in Marx's critique of liberalism and his vision of "human society." By addressing the philosophical underpinnings of these ideologies, the book offers a nuanced perspective on the enduring tension between individual autonomy and collective responsibility, advocating for a synthesis that remains faithful to the broader commitments of freedom and individuality. This work is essential for scholars of political theory and philosophy, providing a deeper understanding of how fundamental ideas about the mind shape the way we conceptualize society and its structures.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
Howard Kimeldorf
Battling for American Labor
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In this incisive reinterpretation of the history of the American labor movement, Howard Kimeldorf challenges received thinking about rank-and-file workers and the character of their unions. Battling for American Labor answers the baffling question of how, while mounting some of the most aggressive challenges to employing classes anywhere in the world, organized labor in the United States has warmly embraced the capitalist system of which they are a part. Rejecting conventional understandings of American unionism, Kimeldorf argues that what has long been the hallmark of organized labor in the United States—its distinctive reliance on worker self-organization and direct economic action—can be seen as a particular kind of syndicalism.
Kimeldorf brings this syndicalism to life through two rich and compelling case studies of unionization efforts by Philadelphia longshoremen and New York City culinary workers during the opening decades of the twentieth century. He shows how these workers, initially affiliated with the radical IWW and later the conservative AFL, pursued a common logic of collective action at the point of production that largely dictated their choice of unions. Elegantly written and deeply engaging, Battling for American Labor offers insights not only into how the American labor movement got to where it is today, but how it might possibly reinvent itself in the years ahead.
Donald L. Horowitz
A Democratic South Africa?
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A Democratic South Africa? Constitutional Engineering in a Divided Society explores the formidable challenges of building a democratic system in a society as racially and ethnically divided as South Africa. The book underscores the complexity of crafting institutions and processes that can foster inclusivity and stability in a deeply polarized setting. South Africa's history of apartheid has left a legacy of distrust and ideological division, with extreme political forces at both ends of the spectrum threatening the democratic experiment. The author addresses critical questions of constitutional design, minority rights protection, and electoral systems, emphasizing the necessity of innovative solutions to counter conflict and promote intergroup cooperation.
The study situates South Africa's democratization within a broader comparative context, highlighting its potential as a case study for other divided societies. It examines how democratic processes can transform relationships among political actors, even in unpromising conditions. By focusing on the interplay between constitutional processes and institutional design, the book offers insights into how participation, negotiation, and decision-making shape democratic outcomes. Ultimately, it presents South Africa as a quintessential challenge to democratic conflict management, where success could provide valuable lessons for fostering democracy in similarly fragmented contexts.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1991.
Chong-Sik Lee
Revolutionary Struggle in Manchuria
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Revolutionary Struggle in Manchuria, Chinese Communism, and Soviet Interest, 1922–1945, by Chong-Sik Lee, offers a deeply researched account of how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) sought to mobilize mass support in one of the most volatile and contested regions of modern Chinese history. Lee interrogates the central question of why the CCP succeeded in some periods and regions but faltered in others, situating Manchuria as a critical site where the interplay of nationalism, socio-economic reform, and international politics decisively shaped Communist strategy. He argues that in Manchuria, far more than in China proper, the anti-Japanese struggle became the overriding theme that enabled the CCP to attract peasant support and build guerrilla forces. In contrast, early attempts to organize the urban proletariat or push radical socio-economic reforms not only failed to generate mass support but left long-lasting adverse effects on the Party’s credibility.
At the same time, Lee demonstrates that CCP strategy in Manchuria cannot be understood apart from Soviet interests and the directives of the Comintern. Local cadres consistently pressed for prioritizing anti-Japanese resistance, but the Party center, constrained by Moscow’s diplomatic calculations, often delayed or countermanded such efforts. Drawing on Party documents, Comintern directives, and Japanese sources, Lee shows how the shifting Soviet-Japanese relationship repeatedly reshaped CCP priorities—first restricting, then later encouraging, united front strategies in Manchuria. The book also probes the paradox that while nationalist mobilization brought the CCP to its peak influence in the region, by 1941 its guerrilla movement had been eradicated, raising larger questions about the limits of resistance under imperial occupation. For scholars of modern Chinese history, communism, and international relations, Lee’s study provides an essential corrective to interpretations that downplay the decisive role of Soviet policy, while offering a nuanced account of how nationalism, ideology, and geopolitics converged in one of the most turbulent theaters of the Chinese Revolution.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983.
Committee on International Relations
World Resources and Peace
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World Resources and Peace brings together a series of lectures delivered at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1939 under the auspices of the Committee on International Relations, probing the fundamental links between global resource distribution, international trade, and the conditions for peace. At a moment when the world stood on the brink of war, leading scholars of geography, economics, and history interrogated the relationship between natural endowments, population pressures, and geopolitical conflict. The collection explores how imbalances in raw materials and territorial control—what Franklin C. Palm terms the problem of the “unsatiated states”—shaped demands for colonial redistribution and drove the imperial rivalries destabilizing Europe and beyond.
The volume examines these pressures from multiple vantage points: Jan O. M. Broek on global population and resources; Melvin M. Knight on the economic and political stakes of colonial claims; Herbert I. Priestley on mandates as an alternative to outright imperial annexation; Robert D. Calkins on the structural ties between trade regimes and peace; and Frederic L. Paxson on the stark choice between organization and anarchy in world affairs. Together, these essays frame resource distribution not merely as a background condition but as a central determinant of international order. By situating colonial, economic, and political struggles within a material geography of scarcity and need, World Resources and Peace offers both a snapshot of interwar intellectual debates and a prescient reminder that the pursuit of stability cannot be disentangled from the global management of natural wealth.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1941.
Judith A. Merkle
Management and Ideology
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From its obscure beginning as a system for organizing machine shops, Scientific Management has grown into the major technocratic ideology of the twentieth century. Its development and international diffusion have influenced industrial productivity, the social fabric of industrial society, and even the nature of government. In this study of the movement's growth, Merkle compares the writings of the American, German, French, British, and Soviet vanguards of Scientific Management and finds that those who advocated efficiency engineering were considerably more than pragmatists seeking immediate technical solutions to production problems. Rather, they were visionaries who sought to reconcile class conflict, restructure government, and create a universal technocratic utopia by achieving efficient mass production and rationalized distribution. The call for a "mental revolution," which permeates their writings, found sympathizers among capitalists and socialists alike; that revolution affected not only the structure of modern industrialism but also the organization of the state itself. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1980.
Robin Leidner
Fast Food, Fast Talk
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Attending Hamburger University, Robin Leidner observes how McDonald's trains the managers of its fast-food restaurants to standardize every aspect of service and product. Learning how to sell life insurance at a large midwestern firm, she is coached on exactly what to say, how to stand, when to make eye contact, and how to build up Positive Mental Attitude by chanting "I feel happy! I feel terrific!"
Leidner's fascinating report from the frontlines of two major American corporations uncovers the methods and consequences of regulating workers' language, looks, attitudes, ideas, and demeanor. Her study reveals the complex and often unexpected results that come with the routinization of service work.
Some McDonald's workers resent the constraints of prescribed uniforms and rigid scripts, while others appreciate how routines simplify their jobs and give them psychological protection against unpleasant customers. Combined Insurance goes further than McDonald's in attempting to standardize the workers' very selves, instilling in them adroit maneuvers to overcome customer resistance.
The routinization of service work has both poignant and preposterous consequences. It tends to undermine shared understandings about individuality and social obligations, sharpening the tension between the belief in personal autonomy and the domination of a powerful corporate culture.
Richly anecdotal and accessibly written, Leidner's book charts new territory in the sociology of work. With service sector work becoming increasingly important in American business, her timely study is particularly welcome.
Ilpyong J. Kim
The Politics of Chinese Communism
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The political system established by the Chinese Communist Party in 1949 had its origins, in many respects, in the Chinese Soviet Republic of 1931–1934, based in southern Kiangsi province about 400 miles southwest of Shanghai. The Kiangsi period was important because it gave the Chinese Communists their first opportunity to govern an extensive area and a large population, and in so doing to develop methods of mass mobilization as well as new techniques for conducting party and government affairs.
Kim explores the evolution of the Chinese Communist movement during the Kiangsi soviet period, especially its organizational concepts, behavioral patterns, and development techniques of "mass line" politics. He seeks answers to several questions: What notions of organization shaped the Kiangsi political system? Who formulated the policies? How were they implemented at the rice-roots level of government? By analyzing Mao Tse-tung's writings on organization and comparing them with those of other Chinese Communist theoreticians, he achieves fresh insights into Mao's approach to administration and bureaucratic organization.
The distinct contribution of this book lies in its focus on such issues as how the Chinese Communist leaders viewed organizational problems within their movement, especially following the failure of the 1947 revolution; how they responded to these problems; and how they maintained a balance of power among the party, the government, and the Red Army while administering the expanding territorial base and managing complex organizations. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1973.
Albert Rose
Governing Metropolitan Toronto
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Governing Metropolitan Toronto: A Social and Political Analysis (1953–1971) provides an in-depth examination of Toronto’s metropolitan governance, lauded as a model of "truly metropolitan government" in North America. Over nearly two decades, Toronto restructured its local government twice, adopting a two-tier federation model to address the challenges of urbanization, suburban expansion, and regional cooperation. This system, integrating multiple jurisdictions under a central framework, sought to resolve disparities in infrastructure, housing, and municipal services while accommodating the province’s broader economic and environmental goals. Albert Rose, a scholar and civic participant, contextualizes Metro Toronto within Canadian and global urban governance traditions, offering insights into its achievements and the challenges posed by evolving social, environmental, and political dynamics.
Rose argues that Toronto's experience demonstrates how metropolitan governance must grow from addressing physical infrastructure to managing complex social issues such as housing and environmental quality. While the provincial government provided oversight and enabled Metro’s creation, its involvement underscores the role of higher-level authorities in urban governance. The study situates Toronto's system alongside other Canadian and international models, including Winnipeg’s uni-city approach and Minnesota’s Metropolitan Council, suggesting that Toronto's adaptable federation structure may be better suited for larger, more complex urban regions. Rose’s work highlights the ongoing interplay between local autonomy and provincial guidance, offering critical lessons for urban governance worldwide and serving as a valuable resource in understanding the transformative potential of metropolitan systems.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1972.
Bhuwan L. Joshi
Democratic Innovations in Nepal
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Democratic Innovations in Nepal: A Case Study of Political Acculturation explores the transformative political journey of Nepal, focusing on the period following the 1950 revolution that ended the Rana oligarchy. The study examines the profound social and political changes unleashed in a society long isolated and regimented, highlighting the emergence of a vibrant literary renaissance, rapid expansion in education, and newfound political freedoms. This post-revolution period saw Nepal experimenting with diverse political forms and ideas, reflecting a broader attempt to reconcile traditional structures with modern democratic ideals. Despite this initial burst of creativity and freedom, the political landscape became increasingly mired in conflicts and instability, with traditional modes of governance resurfacing alongside innovative experiments in democracy.
The book provides a detailed account of Nepal's transitional political landscape through a case-study approach, capturing the interplay of traditional values and modern aspirations. It discusses the challenges faced by Nepal's elites in navigating the demands of modernization while contending with entrenched traditional influences. The study also places Nepal’s political evolution within a broader regional and global context, noting the country's unique position between the democratic and communist powers of India and China. By tracing Nepal's political development, the author sheds light on the broader dynamics of political change in traditional societies, offering insights into the successes and failures of democratic innovation in Nepal and its implications for other similarly situated nations.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1966.
Winston W. Crouch
Your California Governments in Action, Second Edition
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Your California Governments in Action by Winston W. Crouch and John C. Bollens is a clear, accessible introduction to how California governs itself. Written for students and engaged citizens, this volume traces the origins of the state’s constitutions, explains the organization and functions of the legislature, executive, and judiciary, and situates California within the federal system. It highlights both the formal structures—laws, charters, and constitutional provisions—and the lived processes of politics, from elections and voter initiatives to the work of city councils, counties, and special districts.
Balancing historical background with contemporary examples, the book underscores California’s rapid growth and the challenges of governing such a complex state. It shows how voters exercise direct power through initiatives and referenda, how governors and legislators craft policy, and how local governments and state agencies interact. With its blend of constitutional history, practical civics, and illustrations of government in action, the book remains a valuable guide for understanding how democratic institutions operate in California’s unique political landscape.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1960.
Thomas A. Baylis
The Technical Intelligentsia and the East German Elite
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The Technical Intelligentsia and the East German Elite: Legitimacy and Social Change in Mature Communism by Thomas A. Baylis examines the deliberate cultivation of engineers, scientists, economists, and managers in the German Democratic Republic and their role in shaping both political authority and regime transformation. Part I reconstructs the postwar creation and socialization of this technical intelligentsia, analyzing how workplaces were politicized and how professional values translated into political attitudes. Part II turns to elite recruitment: who advanced from this stratum, the criteria and career patterns involved, and how technocrats influenced policy once in power. Framed against enduring debates about “technocracy,” Baylis contends that simplistic visions of managerial rule are untenable, but technocratic influence—bound to questions of legitimacy and authority—is real, if elusive, in communist systems.
In a broader comparative perspective, the book contrasts “bureaucratic communism” with more “pluralistic” experiments, arguing that both remain fluid, unstable departures from Stalinism. Baylis highlights participation, expertise, and organizational demands as potential catalysts for political change, while explicitly rejecting technological determinism. Methodologically, he synthesizes East German party-state documents, West German scholarship, refugee surveys such as the 1958 Infratest study, and informal interviews, while carefully noting limitations of access and interpretation. The result is a nuanced political analysis of how conscious social engineering encounters resistant social realities, and how that dynamic reshapes authority, policy, and legitimacy in East Germany’s mature communist order.
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.
