Products

From the Introduction:

This book is . . . devoted to the first literature of North America, that of the American Indians, or Native Americans. The texts are from the North Pacific Coast, because that is where I am from, and those are the materials I know best. The purpose is general: All traditional American Indian verbal art requires attention of this kind if we are to comprehend what it is and says.

There is linguistics in this book, and that will put some people off. ''Too technical," they will say. Perhaps such people would be amused to know that many linguists will not regard the work as linguistics. "Not theoretical," they will say, meaning not part of a certain school of grammar. And many folklorists and anthropologists are likely to say, "too linguistic" and "too literary" both, whereas professors of literature are likely to say, "anthropological" or "folklore," not "literature" at all. But there is no help for it. As with Beowulf and The Tale of Genji, the material requires some understanding of a way of life. Within that way of life, it has in part a role that in English can only be called that of "literature." Within that way of life, and now, I hope, within others, it offers some of the rewards and joys of literature. And if linguistics is the study of language, not grammar alone, then the study of these materials adds to what is known about language.

In this fourth volume of Joseph E. Gillet's monumental study, Propalladia and Other Works of Bartolomé De Torres Naharro, all students of Renaissance drama will find a wealth of material on the origins of the modern European theater.

Torres Naharro created the cloak-and-sword play almost a century before Lope de Vega. The common­places of romantic comedy appeared, for the first time on any stage, in his Comedia Ymenea published at Naples in 1517. Two of his works, the Soldadesca and the Tinellaria—evocations of the roistering life of the barracks and of a cardinal's scullery—are remarkable examples of dramatic realism avant Ia lettre. The influence of Torres Naharro and his work on the Spanish drama of the sixteenth century was all pervasive.

In this volume, all the material gleaned by Dr. Gillet in extensive research is brought into clear focus to show Torres Naharro as a man of the Renaissance and a man of the theater. Of the greatest interest is the exposition of his intuition of the distinction between poetic and historic truth—commedias a fantasia and a noticia—long before the recovery of the true text of Aristotle's Poetics, and of the substratum of primitivism in many of his plays: ritual societies, the medicine man, the right to tribute, social discipline, name changing, loss of memory, sports, games, acrobatics, sorcery, riddles, genealogies, weddings, propitiation and death song, resuscitation, license and chastity, and so on. And this dramatic activity occurred early, antedating most of the Italian plays of the sixteenth century.

In this fourth volume of Joseph E. Gillet's monumental study, Propalladia and Other Works of Bartolomé De Torres Naharro, all students of Renaissance drama will find a wealth of material on the origins of the modern European theater.

Torres Naharro created the cloak-and-sword play almost a century before Lope de Vega. The common­places of romantic comedy appeared, for the first time on any stage, in his Comedia Ymenea published at Naples in 1517. Two of his works, the Soldadesca and the Tinellaria—evocations of the roistering life of the barracks and of a cardinal's scullery—are remarkable examples of dramatic realism avant Ia lettre. The influence of Torres Naharro and his work on the Spanish drama of the sixteenth century was all pervasive.

In this volume, all the material gleaned by Dr. Gillet in extensive research is brought into clear focus to show Torres Naharro as a man of the Renaissance and a man of the theater. Of the greatest interest is the exposition of his intuition of the distinction between poetic and historic truth—commedias a fantasia and a noticia—long before the recovery of the true text of Aristotle's Poetics, and of the substratum of primitivism in many of his plays: ritual societies, the medicine man, the right to tribute, social discipline, name changing, loss of memory, sports, games, acrobatics, sorcery, riddles, genealogies, weddings, propitiation and death song, resuscitation, license and chastity, and so on. And this dramatic activity occurred early, antedating most of the Italian plays of the sixteenth century.

"The service of social work is directed primarily to freeing and helping individuals to find and fulfill themselves—their own unique selves—within the society of which they are a part."

This emphasis on "respect for individual personality, for the significance of the individual as such and in his own right" is the keynote of these writings of the late Dean of the Pennsylvania School of Social Work.

Chosen for the most part from the work of the last decade, the writings collected here stress his interest in public welfare and penology, the two fields in which his contributions have been most extensive and consistent.

The volume is divided into four parts:

I. Earlier Formulations of the Philosophy Underlying Social Work Practice
II. Public Welfare
Ill. Penology
IV. Final Statement of the Philosophy Underlying Social Work Practice

This sharing of the wisdom and understanding of a lifetime dedicated to professional service in the field of social work will prove helpful and stimulating to administrators, teachers, and social workers everywhere.

"The service of social work is directed primarily to freeing and helping individuals to find and fulfill themselves—their own unique selves—within the society of which they are a part."

This emphasis on "respect for individual personality, for the significance of the individual as such and in his own right" is the keynote of these writings of the late Dean of the Pennsylvania School of Social Work.

Chosen for the most part from the work of the last decade, the writings collected here stress his interest in public welfare and penology, the two fields in which his contributions have been most extensive and consistent.

The volume is divided into four parts:

I. Earlier Formulations of the Philosophy Underlying Social Work Practice
II. Public Welfare
Ill. Penology
IV. Final Statement of the Philosophy Underlying Social Work Practice

This sharing of the wisdom and understanding of a lifetime dedicated to professional service in the field of social work will prove helpful and stimulating to administrators, teachers, and social workers everywhere.

"I need an audience—-so watch out!" With these James T. Farrell announced his intention of becoming a writer. He was to realize this ambition in manifold ways through his prolificacy, versatility, and his achieved recognition as a formidable figure in American literature. The material contained in this book grew out of initial research for a critical study which disclosed the chaotic state of Farrell's literary affairs and the urgent need for a bibliography. The task was not to be an easy one, for many of Farrell's writings were printed in obscure publications both in the United States and abroad. Edgar M. Branch has ferreted out, producing his compilation with enthusiasm and accuracy.

This book is a definitive guide to Farrell's writings published in newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, and books, from the time of his high­school days through 1957. It includes both the fiction (novels, short stories, one poem, and one play) and the nonfiction (essays, articles, statements, manifestoes, newspaper columns, etc.), and in many cases descriptions of these writing are appended when deemed necessary. As a further aid to students and researchers, Branch has listed many reprints and dates of writing for the individual short stories and has provided two appendices giving foreign editions of books and tape recordings of unpublished speeches. This detailed bibliography, the first on Farrell ever printed, is supplemented by a preface by Farrell and a foreword by the author.

Edgar Branch has directed his attention to the more inaccessible of Farrell's writings and to the clarification of the voluminous abundance of written material that Farrell has produced. Through this book it is possible to trace Farrell's fluctuating status as a writer, his shifting position among editors, critics, and readers. The data included other clues to the evolution and growth of his ideas and relationships with his contemporaries, providing insight into his changing political affiliations and the motivation and development of his fiction.

A Bibliography of ]ames T. Farrell's Writings will be a valuable practical aid to scholars and students of literature and Americana, for it makes available a scholarly compilation of the extensive list of writings by one of America's most distinguished and controversial contemporary writers.

"I need an audience—-so watch out!" With these James T. Farrell announced his intention of becoming a writer. He was to realize this ambition in manifold ways through his prolificacy, versatility, and his achieved recognition as a formidable figure in American literature. The material contained in this book grew out of initial research for a critical study which disclosed the chaotic state of Farrell's literary affairs and the urgent need for a bibliography. The task was not to be an easy one, for many of Farrell's writings were printed in obscure publications both in the United States and abroad. Edgar M. Branch has ferreted out, producing his compilation with enthusiasm and accuracy.

This book is a definitive guide to Farrell's writings published in newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, and books, from the time of his high­school days through 1957. It includes both the fiction (novels, short stories, one poem, and one play) and the nonfiction (essays, articles, statements, manifestoes, newspaper columns, etc.), and in many cases descriptions of these writing are appended when deemed necessary. As a further aid to students and researchers, Branch has listed many reprints and dates of writing for the individual short stories and has provided two appendices giving foreign editions of books and tape recordings of unpublished speeches. This detailed bibliography, the first on Farrell ever printed, is supplemented by a preface by Farrell and a foreword by the author.

Edgar Branch has directed his attention to the more inaccessible of Farrell's writings and to the clarification of the voluminous abundance of written material that Farrell has produced. Through this book it is possible to trace Farrell's fluctuating status as a writer, his shifting position among editors, critics, and readers. The data included other clues to the evolution and growth of his ideas and relationships with his contemporaries, providing insight into his changing political affiliations and the motivation and development of his fiction.

A Bibliography of ]ames T. Farrell's Writings will be a valuable practical aid to scholars and students of literature and Americana, for it makes available a scholarly compilation of the extensive list of writings by one of America's most distinguished and controversial contemporary writers.

This work is an analytic bibliography of the writings of Jonathan Swift, containing a listing of every known edition or issue of Swift's work down to the year 1814 (except for the section "Biography and Criticism" which extends from 1709 to 1895). In this revised edition, Herman Teerink has added full collations of the works referred to. In addition, the titles of many 18th century mutations or parodies of Swift have been included together with works which allude to Swift or his writings.

Arthur H. Scouten, a University of Pennsylvania professor of English and author of many bibliographical articles on Swift, who has carried on Dr. Teerink's work and prepared this volume for press, has consulted 18th century scholars and bibliographers. With their advice, he has kept the original Teerink numbers, since they are the common reference numbers among Swift scholars and are listed in dealers' catalogues. Because the new material and arrangement put these numbers out of order, they have been listed in a table at the beginning of the book with all the pages they appear on.

So that they will not have to be sought throughout the entire volume, all the Faulkner editions have been placed together and all the printings of Gulliver's Travels have been collected in one section, where they are arranged chronologically by country. A full physical description of all important books and pamphlets, including those discovered since 1937 (the first edition), has been provided. The work has been brought up-to-date with the bibliographical findings of Swift scholarship of the past twenty-five years. A number of pieces apocryphally attributed to Swift have been deleted or placed in the "Doubtful" section. Finally, entries of books and pamphlets containing contemporary comment on a work by Swift have been placed where Swift's work itself is entered.

This book is especially rich in its listings of translations of Swift's works into foreign languages. Also, since the first edition (A Bibliography of the Writings in Prose and Verse of Jonathan Swift, D.D.) has long been out of print, this volume will be invaluable to book dealers, bibliophiles, and scholars, teachers, and students of English literature.

This work is an analytic bibliography of the writings of Jonathan Swift, containing a listing of every known edition or issue of Swift's work down to the year 1814 (except for the section "Biography and Criticism" which extends from 1709 to 1895). In this revised edition, Herman Teerink has added full collations of the works referred to. In addition, the titles of many 18th century mutations or parodies of Swift have been included together with works which allude to Swift or his writings.

Arthur H. Scouten, a University of Pennsylvania professor of English and author of many bibliographical articles on Swift, who has carried on Dr. Teerink's work and prepared this volume for press, has consulted 18th century scholars and bibliographers. With their advice, he has kept the original Teerink numbers, since they are the common reference numbers among Swift scholars and are listed in dealers' catalogues. Because the new material and arrangement put these numbers out of order, they have been listed in a table at the beginning of the book with all the pages they appear on.

So that they will not have to be sought throughout the entire volume, all the Faulkner editions have been placed together and all the printings of Gulliver's Travels have been collected in one section, where they are arranged chronologically by country. A full physical description of all important books and pamphlets, including those discovered since 1937 (the first edition), has been provided. The work has been brought up-to-date with the bibliographical findings of Swift scholarship of the past twenty-five years. A number of pieces apocryphally attributed to Swift have been deleted or placed in the "Doubtful" section. Finally, entries of books and pamphlets containing contemporary comment on a work by Swift have been placed where Swift's work itself is entered.

This book is especially rich in its listings of translations of Swift's works into foreign languages. Also, since the first edition (A Bibliography of the Writings in Prose and Verse of Jonathan Swift, D.D.) has long been out of print, this volume will be invaluable to book dealers, bibliophiles, and scholars, teachers, and students of English literature.

Like Conrad's Marlow, whose tale of journeying into the "heart of darkness" gives us as much insight into one man's personality as it does into the mysteries of the dark world he explored, so the anthropologist's record of another culture contains more than objective, scientific data about his investigation. Embedded within it are clues to the "personality" of anthropology itself: the attitudes, approaches, even prejudices that at any given stage in history are inextricable from the ideology of the anthropologist. Therefore, the mirror he holds up to show us another culture can never be a perfect one. His own professional attitude toward his subject, as well as his choice of medium, are factors that create "cracks" in the mirror of anthropology through which we believe we view the life of other cultures.

Hence, the concept of "reflexivity" and the striving to recognize how it warps in the portrayal of anthropological truth lie at the core of the twelve finely wrought essays collected in this volume. Wide ranging in geography as well as viewpoint, they highlight various methods and media (film, ethnography, text) through which an anthropologist chooses to portray a culture, and the various forms, such as art, theater, and ritual, through which a culture portrays itself. Recognizing the link between these two processes provides the key to cultural and methodological self awareness.

Reflexivity is defined and clarified in the introduction and in three of the essays, and the remaining nine essays evince the principle through fieldwork and startling case studies. Essays by Jay Ruby and Eric Michaels shed new light on the enormous potential of film and video, showing how a form generally thought to be "nonscientific" can in fact give fresh insight into the scientific premises underlying the discipline's methodology. Essays by Barbara Babcock and Carol Ann Parssinen focus on the novel and ethnography, examining existing works.

Anthropologists, as well as students of film, art, and theater, will find that this intriguing work begins to redefine traditional distinctions between science and the arts and brings to light fresh resources that are utilized in the search for anthropological truth.

Contributors: Richard Schechner, Victor Turner, Barbara Myerhoff, Jay Ruby, Eric Michaels, Dennis Tedlock, George Marcus, Paul Rabinow, Barbara Babcock, Carol Ann Parssinen, and Dan Rose.

Like Conrad's Marlow, whose tale of journeying into the "heart of darkness" gives us as much insight into one man's personality as it does into the mysteries of the dark world he explored, so the anthropologist's record of another culture contains more than objective, scientific data about his investigation. Embedded within it are clues to the "personality" of anthropology itself: the attitudes, approaches, even prejudices that at any given stage in history are inextricable from the ideology of the anthropologist. Therefore, the mirror he holds up to show us another culture can never be a perfect one. His own professional attitude toward his subject, as well as his choice of medium, are factors that create "cracks" in the mirror of anthropology through which we believe we view the life of other cultures.

Hence, the concept of "reflexivity" and the striving to recognize how it warps in the portrayal of anthropological truth lie at the core of the twelve finely wrought essays collected in this volume. Wide ranging in geography as well as viewpoint, they highlight various methods and media (film, ethnography, text) through which an anthropologist chooses to portray a culture, and the various forms, such as art, theater, and ritual, through which a culture portrays itself. Recognizing the link between these two processes provides the key to cultural and methodological self awareness.

Reflexivity is defined and clarified in the introduction and in three of the essays, and the remaining nine essays evince the principle through fieldwork and startling case studies. Essays by Jay Ruby and Eric Michaels shed new light on the enormous potential of film and video, showing how a form generally thought to be "nonscientific" can in fact give fresh insight into the scientific premises underlying the discipline's methodology. Essays by Barbara Babcock and Carol Ann Parssinen focus on the novel and ethnography, examining existing works.

Anthropologists, as well as students of film, art, and theater, will find that this intriguing work begins to redefine traditional distinctions between science and the arts and brings to light fresh resources that are utilized in the search for anthropological truth.

Contributors: Richard Schechner, Victor Turner, Barbara Myerhoff, Jay Ruby, Eric Michaels, Dennis Tedlock, George Marcus, Paul Rabinow, Barbara Babcock, Carol Ann Parssinen, and Dan Rose.

Thomas Carlyle's history of the French Revolution captured the Victorian imagination with vivid pictures of a society in conflict. A rich, brilliant, and arresting book, it defined a crucial epoch in modern European history for generations of British readers. Nevertheless, The French Revolution has lost not only its general readership but also its academic audience, for it is not history as history is commonly practiced, and it is not literature as literature is commonly understood. Only in the past few decades has this difficult yet rewarding text moved back to the central position it deserves.

In A Disimprisoned Epic, Mark Cumming elucidates the formal genesis of the French Revolution in Carlyle's literary criticism and reestablishes it as an epic experiment in literary form. He discusses specifically how The French Revolution combines the myths of epic with the facts of history; the nobility of tragedy with the grotesque absurdity of farce; the devotion of elegy with the dismissive rancor of satire; and the didactic clarity of emblem and allegory with the confusion of symbol, fragment, and phantasmagory.

A Disimprisoned Epic will be useful to scholars and students of Carlyle and of Victorian British and American literature.

Thomas Carlyle's history of the French Revolution captured the Victorian imagination with vivid pictures of a society in conflict. A rich, brilliant, and arresting book, it defined a crucial epoch in modern European history for generations of British readers. Nevertheless, The French Revolution has lost not only its general readership but also its academic audience, for it is not history as history is commonly practiced, and it is not literature as literature is commonly understood. Only in the past few decades has this difficult yet rewarding text moved back to the central position it deserves.

In A Disimprisoned Epic, Mark Cumming elucidates the formal genesis of the French Revolution in Carlyle's literary criticism and reestablishes it as an epic experiment in literary form. He discusses specifically how The French Revolution combines the myths of epic with the facts of history; the nobility of tragedy with the grotesque absurdity of farce; the devotion of elegy with the dismissive rancor of satire; and the didactic clarity of emblem and allegory with the confusion of symbol, fragment, and phantasmagory.

A Disimprisoned Epic will be useful to scholars and students of Carlyle and of Victorian British and American literature.

Isaac Mickle was no ordinary youth, and it follows that his diary is no ordinary scribbling. A Gentleman of Much Promise is the eloquent and insightful account of a young man entering the prime of his life.

Born of a wealthy New Jersey family, Mickle was in his short lifetime (1822-1855) a Camden and Philadelphia lawyer, the editor of two weekly newspapers, an historian, an accomplished violinist and avid book collector, a local political leader, something of a ladies' man, and a keen observer of his society and times. By the age of twenty-two Miclke had immersed himself in politics, and his activities provide a view not only into day-to-day local affairs but also into the Democratic National Convention of 1844. He relates meetings with many prominent figures of his day, including Presidents Van Buren, Tyler, and Polk and writers Orestes Brownson and Ralph Waldo Emerson.

A Gentleman of Much Promise is at once a private and a public history. The details of this yoing man's life—from his modes of travel to his courting habits—draw the reader into intimate contact with Jacksonian America. His comments on current events and his accounts of trips to Washington, Baltimore, New York, New Haven, Boston, and other cities provide a fascinating portrait of the United States during one it its most vibrant decades.

Isaac Mickle was no ordinary youth, and it follows that his diary is no ordinary scribbling. A Gentleman of Much Promise is the eloquent and insightful account of a young man entering the prime of his life.

Born of a wealthy New Jersey family, Mickle was in his short lifetime (1822-1855) a Camden and Philadelphia lawyer, the editor of two weekly newspapers, an historian, an accomplished violinist and avid book collector, a local political leader, something of a ladies' man, and a keen observer of his society and times. By the age of twenty-two Miclke had immersed himself in politics, and his activities provide a view not only into day-to-day local affairs but also into the Democratic National Convention of 1844. He relates meetings with many prominent figures of his day, including Presidents Van Buren, Tyler, and Polk and writers Orestes Brownson and Ralph Waldo Emerson.

A Gentleman of Much Promise is at once a private and a public history. The details of this yoing man's life—from his modes of travel to his courting habits—draw the reader into intimate contact with Jacksonian America. His comments on current events and his accounts of trips to Washington, Baltimore, New York, New Haven, Boston, and other cities provide a fascinating portrait of the United States during one it its most vibrant decades.

New Zealand children from 1840 to 1890 were subjected to an unusual combination of agrarian existence and an industrial social philosophy in the newly formed schools. When schools became more universal in the expanding industrial society, a new emphasis on the control of children developed, and from 1920 onward, adult supervision in the form of heavily organized sports and playgrounds encroached more and more on the untrammeled freedom of the rural environment.

Returning to his home country of New Zealand, Brian Sutton-Smith documents the relationship between children's play and the actual process of history. Drawing on interviews with hundreds of informants from every province and school district of New Zealand, the author illuminates for the first time the various social, cultural, historical, and psychological context in which children's play occurs. He treats both formal and informal play, as well as the play of both boys and girls.

New Zealand children from 1840 to 1890 were subjected to an unusual combination of agrarian existence and an industrial social philosophy in the newly formed schools. When schools became more universal in the expanding industrial society, a new emphasis on the control of children developed, and from 1920 onward, adult supervision in the form of heavily organized sports and playgrounds encroached more and more on the untrammeled freedom of the rural environment.

Returning to his home country of New Zealand, Brian Sutton-Smith documents the relationship between children's play and the actual process of history. Drawing on interviews with hundreds of informants from every province and school district of New Zealand, the author illuminates for the first time the various social, cultural, historical, and psychological context in which children's play occurs. He treats both formal and informal play, as well as the play of both boys and girls.

A Musical View of the Universe is a study of the relationships between spoken myth and musical ritual in a native Brazilian community, the Carib-speaking Kalpalo of the Upper Xingu Basin. The book focuses on the meanings created and expressed through performance of artistic processes in which sound symbols provide a unifying interpretive matrix. Through sound symbols, Kalpalo ideas about types of beings, their relationships, and activities of mind are conceived, represented, and rendered apparent.

The book includes the first collection of South American Indian narratives translated directly from the original language from taped performances. Ellen B. Basso's translations take into account the interaction among participants in the storytelling situation and the qualities of narrative performance that result.

A Musical View of the Universe is a study of the relationships between spoken myth and musical ritual in a native Brazilian community, the Carib-speaking Kalpalo of the Upper Xingu Basin. The book focuses on the meanings created and expressed through performance of artistic processes in which sound symbols provide a unifying interpretive matrix. Through sound symbols, Kalpalo ideas about types of beings, their relationships, and activities of mind are conceived, represented, and rendered apparent.

The book includes the first collection of South American Indian narratives translated directly from the original language from taped performances. Ellen B. Basso's translations take into account the interaction among participants in the storytelling situation and the qualities of narrative performance that result.

The two-hundredth anniversary in 1976 of the publication of An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations emphasized the already evident new interest in the relationship between Smith's social and political thought and his economic theory. Only recently have economists turned their attention to Smith's other works, long overshadowed by the more renowned The Wealth of Nations. Martha Lightwood here argues that A Theory of Moral Sentiments actually laid the philosophic groundwork for The Wealth of Nations and emphasizes that Smith's writings, considered in their totality, represent a compelling interest not solely in economics but in philosophy and the study of society.

Selected for this bibliography are major contributions and representative studies on three aspects of Smith's work: moral philosophy, the history of the development of scientific methodology, and political economy.

The two-hundredth anniversary in 1976 of the publication of An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations emphasized the already evident new interest in the relationship between Smith's social and political thought and his economic theory. Only recently have economists turned their attention to Smith's other works, long overshadowed by the more renowned The Wealth of Nations. Martha Lightwood here argues that A Theory of Moral Sentiments actually laid the philosophic groundwork for The Wealth of Nations and emphasizes that Smith's writings, considered in their totality, represent a compelling interest not solely in economics but in philosophy and the study of society.

Selected for this bibliography are major contributions and representative studies on three aspects of Smith's work: moral philosophy, the history of the development of scientific methodology, and political economy.

Cyril Tourneur was a significant Jacobean poet and dramatist, yet until now there has been now full scale interpretation of his works. Critics have perhaps hesitated to undertake such a study because much of Tourneur's writing has been regarded as neurotic self-expression rather than art, and almost nothing is known of his life. In this penetrating study, however, Peter B. Murray analyzes the art and relates them to the artistic conventions and the thought of their day. Murray finds that Tourneur was not a neurotic but an objective, artistic craftsman. In both techniques and themes, Tourneur emerges as a defender of Elizabethan ideals—a follower of Spenser and Shakespeare and a supporter of the Anglican center against the extremes of Puritanism and atheism.

In his study of The Revenger's Tragedy, commonly attributed to Tourneur, Murray turns up new and possibly conclusive linguistic evidence that the play was written by Thomas Middleton and has therefore discussed it apart from Tourneur's work. Murray's examination of The Revenger's Tragedy shows that its author, like Middleton, is a detached ironist and not despairing and obsessed with vice as he has often been supposed to be.

Cyril Tourneur was a significant Jacobean poet and dramatist, yet until now there has been now full scale interpretation of his works. Critics have perhaps hesitated to undertake such a study because much of Tourneur's writing has been regarded as neurotic self-expression rather than art, and almost nothing is known of his life. In this penetrating study, however, Peter B. Murray analyzes the art and relates them to the artistic conventions and the thought of their day. Murray finds that Tourneur was not a neurotic but an objective, artistic craftsman. In both techniques and themes, Tourneur emerges as a defender of Elizabethan ideals—a follower of Spenser and Shakespeare and a supporter of the Anglican center against the extremes of Puritanism and atheism.

In his study of The Revenger's Tragedy, commonly attributed to Tourneur, Murray turns up new and possibly conclusive linguistic evidence that the play was written by Thomas Middleton and has therefore discussed it apart from Tourneur's work. Murray's examination of The Revenger's Tragedy shows that its author, like Middleton, is a detached ironist and not despairing and obsessed with vice as he has often been supposed to be.

Abraham ben Hananiah Yagel 1553-c.1624) composed his Hebrew work Gei Hizzayon (A Valley of Vision) in Italy at the end of the sixteenth century. This striking text, so different from the other writings of the prolific physician, natural philosopher, and kabbalist, is first an autobiographical account of the vicissitudes of the author's years as a Jewish loan ­banker. It is also a description of a heavenly journey he is taken on by the soul of his recently deceased father, who visits his son while he is imprisoned in Mantua for debt. Finally, it is a series of theological and moral discussions based on the insights of Judaism, particularly the kabbalah as understood by Yagel and his Italian contemporaries.

A Valley of Vision is unique in Hebrew literature in its integration of traditional Jewish materials with contemporary literary and iconographic innovations. It is also a fascinating window into the social and cultural world of Italian Jewry at the end of the sixteenth century and its effect on the entire late Renaissance period.

David B. Ruderman's is the first translation of this important work into any Western language. The book will be of great interest to both the specialist and the general reader of Jewish and late Renaissance history, thought, and literature.

Abraham ben Hananiah Yagel 1553-c.1624) composed his Hebrew work Gei Hizzayon (A Valley of Vision) in Italy at the end of the sixteenth century. This striking text, so different from the other writings of the prolific physician, natural philosopher, and kabbalist, is first an autobiographical account of the vicissitudes of the author's years as a Jewish loan ­banker. It is also a description of a heavenly journey he is taken on by the soul of his recently deceased father, who visits his son while he is imprisoned in Mantua for debt. Finally, it is a series of theological and moral discussions based on the insights of Judaism, particularly the kabbalah as understood by Yagel and his Italian contemporaries.

A Valley of Vision is unique in Hebrew literature in its integration of traditional Jewish materials with contemporary literary and iconographic innovations. It is also a fascinating window into the social and cultural world of Italian Jewry at the end of the sixteenth century and its effect on the entire late Renaissance period.

David B. Ruderman's is the first translation of this important work into any Western language. The book will be of great interest to both the specialist and the general reader of Jewish and late Renaissance history, thought, and literature.

Selected by Choice magazine as an Outstanding Academic Book for 1996

The Decameron is a narrative account of a situation in which narration takes place-a collection of one hundred stories set within a larger story. As a group of young men and women fleeing the plague trade stories to pass the time of crisis, storytelling occurs in a social context that allows for comment upon the tales by the tellers themselves, in a setting that elicits one story in return for another.

In his close and original analysis, Pier Massimo Forni uses the notion of rhetoric as a guiding principle for a critical assessment of the Decameron. He explores the discursive tools with which the narrators connect the contents of their stories to their audience's environment, and goes on to argue that the book is significantly marked by Boccaccio's habit of exploring the narrative potential of rhetorical forms.

By showing how the Decameron marks a new stage in the development of vernacular realism, Forni also charts a new course in Boccaccio criticism. Viewing the cultural and rhetorical context of the medieval masterpiece from a fresh perspective, he offers intriguing insights into the functioning of Boccaccio's narrative. Adventures in Speech maps the cognitive poetic processes that rule the complex authorial network of relationships involving speech, event, received culture, and narrative objects.

Selected by Choice magazine as an Outstanding Academic Book for 1996

The Decameron is a narrative account of a situation in which narration takes place-a collection of one hundred stories set within a larger story. As a group of young men and women fleeing the plague trade stories to pass the time of crisis, storytelling occurs in a social context that allows for comment upon the tales by the tellers themselves, in a setting that elicits one story in return for another.

In his close and original analysis, Pier Massimo Forni uses the notion of rhetoric as a guiding principle for a critical assessment of the Decameron. He explores the discursive tools with which the narrators connect the contents of their stories to their audience's environment, and goes on to argue that the book is significantly marked by Boccaccio's habit of exploring the narrative potential of rhetorical forms.

By showing how the Decameron marks a new stage in the development of vernacular realism, Forni also charts a new course in Boccaccio criticism. Viewing the cultural and rhetorical context of the medieval masterpiece from a fresh perspective, he offers intriguing insights into the functioning of Boccaccio's narrative. Adventures in Speech maps the cognitive poetic processes that rule the complex authorial network of relationships involving speech, event, received culture, and narrative objects.

Civilization and madness; community and class; bureaucracy, corruption, and revolution—these essays range from social history to political history and the history of ideas. All take a strong interpretive stand in the manner of the man to whom they are dedicated. Together they make a major contribution to the scholarship on sixteenth-century and seventeenth-century Europe. In the presentation of these original essays, it is justly noted that J. H. Hexter served as the conscience of his fellow scholars for over thirty years—a distinguished tribute accompanied by the best work by the best people in the field. Former students are among the contributors, as are some of J. H. Hexter's colleagues and friends, including two that he frequently engaged in debate, Geoffrey Elton and Lawrence Stone.

Born in Memphis, Tennessee, J. H. Hexter received his B.A. degree from the University of Cincinnati and his Ph.D. degree from Harvard University. From 1939 to 1957 he taught at Queens College, CUNY. He then spent seven years as a member of the faculty of Washington University, to which he returned on his retirement from Yale University; where he taught from 1964 to 1978. Among his numerous awards are two Guggenheim Fellowships, a Fulbright Fellow­ship, a fellowship from the Ford Foundation and one from the Institute for Advanced Study.

Civilization and madness; community and class; bureaucracy, corruption, and revolution—these essays range from social history to political history and the history of ideas. All take a strong interpretive stand in the manner of the man to whom they are dedicated. Together they make a major contribution to the scholarship on sixteenth-century and seventeenth-century Europe. In the presentation of these original essays, it is justly noted that J. H. Hexter served as the conscience of his fellow scholars for over thirty years—a distinguished tribute accompanied by the best work by the best people in the field. Former students are among the contributors, as are some of J. H. Hexter's colleagues and friends, including two that he frequently engaged in debate, Geoffrey Elton and Lawrence Stone.

Born in Memphis, Tennessee, J. H. Hexter received his B.A. degree from the University of Cincinnati and his Ph.D. degree from Harvard University. From 1939 to 1957 he taught at Queens College, CUNY. He then spent seven years as a member of the faculty of Washington University, to which he returned on his retirement from Yale University; where he taught from 1964 to 1978. Among his numerous awards are two Guggenheim Fellowships, a Fulbright Fellow­ship, a fellowship from the Ford Foundation and one from the Institute for Advanced Study.

While the problems of aging are being studied with microscope, computer, and questionnaire as a medical, social, and economic challenge, these essays introduce the humanistic perspective. The assumption behind this work is that in history, literature, folklore, and art we have the record of centuries of human experience to enhance our present understanding of aging, old age, and death.

Growing old is a process that occurs in every person every minute, every hour that passes. But if aging does not begin on the day of retirement at the age of sixty-five, what is the definition of old age? Is it chronologically; physiologically, mentally, or culturally determined? Old age may not be a phase of life as easily identified as adolescence.

As our population continues to grow older we are ever more in need of greater sensitivity to the joys and tragedies of old age. In recent years, however, our view of old age has been clouded by our negative feelings about death. Old age has become inextricably associated with death. It was not always so: until a lower infant mortality rate, better nutrition, and a higher standard of living so greatly increased our chances of surviving into old age, death was recognized as a threat at every stage of life.

This volume brings together twelve eminent scholars from various humanistic disciplines to trace the origins of our present attitudes and to identify the models and myths of old age in our culture. The historians in the group ask how old people were treated in past societies. Literary scholars and art critics discuss the effects of aging on the later works of authors and artists and art as a source of solace, inspiration, and revelation to the aged. A philosopher explores a theme shared by all: that the way one ages and dies is a function of the way one has lived.

Contributors: John Demos, Leon Edel, Erik H. Erikson, Leslie Fiedler, Tamara K. Hareven, Robert Kastenbaum, Robert Kohn, Juanita M. Kreps, Peter Laslett, Francis V. O'Connor, Robert F. Sayre.

In a developing economy, agriculture must not only provide for a growing populace but also produce a surplus for investment. For an ancient, custom-domi­nated land like India, how does agriculture attempt to meet these demands? In this book, the economic history of India's agriculture and the extent of its development, from 1891 to independence (1947), is closely and authoritatively examined in a study of output, acreage, and yield per acre for the eighteen crops that constitute most of India's agriculture.

The nature of change for each of these eighteen crops, and for the foodgrain, non­foodgrain, and all-crop groups is described and analyzed for the fifty-six-year period as a whole, as well as for shorter periods, for British India and six major regions. Output and trade data are combined to determine trends in the availability of crops. These trends are compared with population figures to indicate changes in India's welfare. To explain the trends in acre productivity, close scrutiny is given to changes m the composition of output, intensity of cultivation, agricultural technology, and physical environment.

An extensive treatment of the methodological problems encountered in assembling adequate crop data and statistical measurements precedes the investigation of agricultural development. An accurate account must balance the multitude of variables involved in the complex system by which agricultural information was compiled and evaluated: the reliability of the village recorders, the changes in boundary lines and the consequent changes in records, the influence of climate and foreign markets, as well as the larger patterns of history and nature, warfare and catastrophe.

The comprehensive Appendix includes, among other source materials, the annual data for individual crops and crop aggregates and their trend rates for individual decades. The text contains numerous tables, charts, and maps.

In a developing economy, agriculture must not only provide for a growing populace but also produce a surplus for investment. For an ancient, custom-domi­nated land like India, how does agriculture attempt to meet these demands? In this book, the economic history of India's agriculture and the extent of its development, from 1891 to independence (1947), is closely and authoritatively examined in a study of output, acreage, and yield per acre for the eighteen crops that constitute most of India's agriculture.

The nature of change for each of these eighteen crops, and for the foodgrain, non­foodgrain, and all-crop groups is described and analyzed for the fifty-six-year period as a whole, as well as for shorter periods, for British India and six major regions. Output and trade data are combined to determine trends in the availability of crops. These trends are compared with population figures to indicate changes in India's welfare. To explain the trends in acre productivity, close scrutiny is given to changes m the composition of output, intensity of cultivation, agricultural technology, and physical environment.

An extensive treatment of the methodological problems encountered in assembling adequate crop data and statistical measurements precedes the investigation of agricultural development. An accurate account must balance the multitude of variables involved in the complex system by which agricultural information was compiled and evaluated: the reliability of the village recorders, the changes in boundary lines and the consequent changes in records, the influence of climate and foreign markets, as well as the larger patterns of history and nature, warfare and catastrophe.

The comprehensive Appendix includes, among other source materials, the annual data for individual crops and crop aggregates and their trend rates for individual decades. The text contains numerous tables, charts, and maps.

Albertanus of Brescia is an important figure in the cultural history of late medieval and Renaissance Italy. He is best known among literary scholars for the influence of his writings on Brunetto Latini, John Gower, and Geoffrey Chaucer. In addition, his sermons have received attention as part of the history of lay confraternities and lay preaching in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. James M. Powell shows that Albertanus's contributions considerably surpass even these notable attainments.

Powell contends that Albertanus was an original social theorist who drew on his experience with religious confraternities and with the law to develop a theory of consent. Albertanus developed the idea that society rested on voluntary acceptance of a rule, much as did religious life. This acceptance laid the foundation for social cohesion and legal enforcement. Albertanus's ideas were to find great prominence in the later Middle Ages. Powell's purpose in writing Albertanus of Brescia goes beyond the study of his eponymous subject. Through Albertanus, Powell examines how major developments of the twelfth century began to find expression in the mind of an early thirteenth-century secular thinker. In Albertanus, Powell perceives an individual bringing received, bookish authority into confrontation with lived experience. To Powell, the example of Albertanus suggests a much more complex picture of medieval approaches to social theory than that previously evident in the literature.

This is the first book-length study of Albertanus and his works. It will be of particular interest to students and scholars of medieval, Italian, intellectual, and literary history, and political theory.

Albertanus of Brescia is an important figure in the cultural history of late medieval and Renaissance Italy. He is best known among literary scholars for the influence of his writings on Brunetto Latini, John Gower, and Geoffrey Chaucer. In addition, his sermons have received attention as part of the history of lay confraternities and lay preaching in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. James M. Powell shows that Albertanus's contributions considerably surpass even these notable attainments.

Powell contends that Albertanus was an original social theorist who drew on his experience with religious confraternities and with the law to develop a theory of consent. Albertanus developed the idea that society rested on voluntary acceptance of a rule, much as did religious life. This acceptance laid the foundation for social cohesion and legal enforcement. Albertanus's ideas were to find great prominence in the later Middle Ages. Powell's purpose in writing Albertanus of Brescia goes beyond the study of his eponymous subject. Through Albertanus, Powell examines how major developments of the twelfth century began to find expression in the mind of an early thirteenth-century secular thinker. In Albertanus, Powell perceives an individual bringing received, bookish authority into confrontation with lived experience. To Powell, the example of Albertanus suggests a much more complex picture of medieval approaches to social theory than that previously evident in the literature.

This is the first book-length study of Albertanus and his works. It will be of particular interest to students and scholars of medieval, Italian, intellectual, and literary history, and political theory.

This is the biography of a man who made his greatest contribution to science in his reorganization of the U.S. Coast Survey. Alexander Dallas Bache was appointed superintendent in 1843, and the Survey increased its scope and improved its methods in the study of winds, tides, currents, and harbors under his charge

Grandson of Benjamin Franklin, Bache was also active in education. Elected first president of Girard College when he was thirty, he visited European educational institutions in order to study their methods. And it may well be that, because of the admiration felt for his great ancestor, he was received in Europe with more attention than even his scholarship and personality merited. His survey of European educational institutions resulted in his monumental "Report on Education in Europe," which exerted a profound influence on educational methods in the United States.

At heart, however, Bache was primarily a scientist and he became a significant figure in the development of American scientific institutions in general, and of Philadelphia in particular. An indefatigable worker, he also served as Superintendent of Weights and Measures in the United States, as a member of the Lighthouse Board, a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, and Secretary of the American Philosophical Society.

This is the biography of a man who made his greatest contribution to science in his reorganization of the U.S. Coast Survey. Alexander Dallas Bache was appointed superintendent in 1843, and the Survey increased its scope and improved its methods in the study of winds, tides, currents, and harbors under his charge

Grandson of Benjamin Franklin, Bache was also active in education. Elected first president of Girard College when he was thirty, he visited European educational institutions in order to study their methods. And it may well be that, because of the admiration felt for his great ancestor, he was received in Europe with more attention than even his scholarship and personality merited. His survey of European educational institutions resulted in his monumental "Report on Education in Europe," which exerted a profound influence on educational methods in the United States.

At heart, however, Bache was primarily a scientist and he became a significant figure in the development of American scientific institutions in general, and of Philadelphia in particular. An indefatigable worker, he also served as Superintendent of Weights and Measures in the United States, as a member of the Lighthouse Board, a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, and Secretary of the American Philosophical Society.

Through Alexander James Dallas one can read the story of what were probably the most crucial years in American history. In this period immediately following the Revolution, when the political pattern of America was being established, Dallas played a leading role in shaping the future of the nation.

As a young lawyer from England he quickly established himself in the new capital of Philadelphia and, in subsequent years, both as a private citizen and as Secretary of the Commonwealth, was largely responsible for building up the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican party in the state. He took an active part in the Whiskey Rebellion and led the campaign against the Jay Treaty. Later, as United States Attorney General for Eastern Pennsylvania, he entered more closely into national affairs and finally, as Secretary of the Treasury under Madison, he saved the government from bankruptcy following the War of 1812 and was a prime mover for the foundation of the second Bank of the United States.

A polished member of Philadelphia society, Dallas was politically a true democrat, with a keen conception of the practical application of the principles of the Declaration of Independence. In his law practice and in numerous astute writings, through his friendship with many leaders of his day, he helped to formulate and define the character of the new country. Dallas emerges from this book as one of those truly enviable public figures—a man of charm and wisdom who used his creative energies with untiring vigor for the common good. His life story as told in this highly readable book is of national significance and should be of especial interest to Pennsylvanians.

Through Alexander James Dallas one can read the story of what were probably the most crucial years in American history. In this period immediately following the Revolution, when the political pattern of America was being established, Dallas played a leading role in shaping the future of the nation.

As a young lawyer from England he quickly established himself in the new capital of Philadelphia and, in subsequent years, both as a private citizen and as Secretary of the Commonwealth, was largely responsible for building up the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican party in the state. He took an active part in the Whiskey Rebellion and led the campaign against the Jay Treaty. Later, as United States Attorney General for Eastern Pennsylvania, he entered more closely into national affairs and finally, as Secretary of the Treasury under Madison, he saved the government from bankruptcy following the War of 1812 and was a prime mover for the foundation of the second Bank of the United States.

A polished member of Philadelphia society, Dallas was politically a true democrat, with a keen conception of the practical application of the principles of the Declaration of Independence. In his law practice and in numerous astute writings, through his friendship with many leaders of his day, he helped to formulate and define the character of the new country. Dallas emerges from this book as one of those truly enviable public figures—a man of charm and wisdom who used his creative energies with untiring vigor for the common good. His life story as told in this highly readable book is of national significance and should be of especial interest to Pennsylvanians.

In the early twentieth century, the Japanese accepted many modern western ideas, particularly industrialism. But, Harry Emerson Wildes argues, the people of Japan remained essentially the same as when the first foreigners stepped upon their shores in 1543: exclusive, intensely nationalistic, suspicious of strangers, set in a rigid and hereditary social system, and possessed of a mystic veneration of their emperor and their ancestors.

The author of this volume knows the Japanese from firsthand experience and has had access to historical data only recently available. He describes fully the uneven course of Japan's foreign relations, from the earliest struggles of the Dutch, Portuguese and British to establish trade with the empire, to the diplomatic problems of the of the 1930s. Of particular note are Japan's relations with the United States which started years before Commodore Perry obtained a commercial treaty in 1854, the first real concession to a western power. Japan's attitude toward Russia in the past is likewise enlightening. In addition to the economic relationships, the missionary angle is discussed as well as the internal political situation throughout the period.

Wildes argues that achieving satisfactory trade arrangements was difficult due to the Japanese temperament and the failure of foreigners to understand the almost fanatical distrust of outsiders which caused them in 1637 to go so far as to establish he death penalty for newcomers who landed on Japanese soil and exiles who left it and colored their attitude toward other nations for many decades.

In the early twentieth century, the Japanese accepted many modern western ideas, particularly industrialism. But, Harry Emerson Wildes argues, the people of Japan remained essentially the same as when the first foreigners stepped upon their shores in 1543: exclusive, intensely nationalistic, suspicious of strangers, set in a rigid and hereditary social system, and possessed of a mystic veneration of their emperor and their ancestors.

The author of this volume knows the Japanese from firsthand experience and has had access to historical data only recently available. He describes fully the uneven course of Japan's foreign relations, from the earliest struggles of the Dutch, Portuguese and British to establish trade with the empire, to the diplomatic problems of the of the 1930s. Of particular note are Japan's relations with the United States which started years before Commodore Perry obtained a commercial treaty in 1854, the first real concession to a western power. Japan's attitude toward Russia in the past is likewise enlightening. In addition to the economic relationships, the missionary angle is discussed as well as the internal political situation throughout the period.

Wildes argues that achieving satisfactory trade arrangements was difficult due to the Japanese temperament and the failure of foreigners to understand the almost fanatical distrust of outsiders which caused them in 1637 to go so far as to establish he death penalty for newcomers who landed on Japanese soil and exiles who left it and colored their attitude toward other nations for many decades.

From the Introduction:
"The texts of Aman used in the preparation of this edition are taken from five editions of Montchrestien's plays, i.e., 1601, 1603, 1604, 1606, 1627. There are, however, in fact only two editions which differ from each other, i.e., the 1601 and 1604 editions. . . . In the arrangement of the present text in this edition of texts of [the editions of 1601 and 1604] are printed on opposite pages."

From the Introduction:
"The texts of Aman used in the preparation of this edition are taken from five editions of Montchrestien's plays, i.e., 1601, 1603, 1604, 1606, 1627. There are, however, in fact only two editions which differ from each other, i.e., the 1601 and 1604 editions. . . . In the arrangement of the present text in this edition of texts of [the editions of 1601 and 1604] are printed on opposite pages."