The collection of papers presented in this volume are the results of research undertaken by a group of scholars examining the field of international marketing and purchasing (IMP). This group of researchers has been conducting IMP studies over the past two decades in a multi-country setting. This book is a good overview of marketing as a discipline and provides insightful writing on the latest developments. The book can be used as supplementary text in courses as Business-to-Business Marketing, International Marketing and Marketing theory.
Bryan Jean
International Marketing in Fast Changing Environment
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Volume 24 of Advances in International Marketing, guest-edited by Professors Jean, Chiou and Zou, considers the impact of major trends in external and internal environments of the firm on international marketing. Major themes include: emerging market firms? innovation, technology-enabled marketing innovation, global account management, knowledge sharing in international alliances, internationalization of small and entrepreneurial firms, export marketing channels, global companies and issues of national culture on consumers? Evaluation of MNEs performance and teaching international marketing to students. Papers in part one focus on innovation from emerging markets, including the impact of technological innovation on management innovation in terms of global account management in emerging markets firms and the impact of context on international strategic alliance knowledge transfer and innovation. Part two combines studies with a small- and medium-sized firm perspective and a focus on entrepreneurship. Part 3 looks at export marketing issues, such as sales subsidiaries, foreign channel selection and dependence on export channel co-ordination. Part 4 is devoted to globalization and culture issues, including the dimensions of a global company and the impact of pervasion of national culture on consumers? Evaluation of MNEs performance. Part 5 deals with the effectiveness of alternative teaching methods of international marketing.
Shaoming Zou
International Marketing in the Fast Changing World
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Volume 26 of Advances in International Marketing is devoted to a set of papers that attempt to develop new knowledge or refine the existing knowledge to account for the emerging international marketing issues in a fast changing world. These include topics such as dynamic capabilities of international marketers, entrepreneurial orientation, rise of emerging markets MNCs, cultural and institutional distances, organizational learning and knowledge transfer in MNCs, and international marketing strategies in fast changing environments. Collectively, the papers in Volume 26 shed significant light on many emerging issues and form a solid foundation for future research.
Alex Rialp
International Marketing Research
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This book presents a collection of original, high-quality essays in international marketing. Both theoretical/conceptual and empirical contributions are included. Written by scholars from all over the world, these essays address various aspects of export and multinational marketing. While some authors focus on managerial issues in international marketing, others take a public policy or comparative perspective. Similarly, while some authors may confine their analyses to well-established concepts or methodologies in international marketing, others have the opportunity to incorporate new and innovative perspectives. It examines international marketing from theoretical and practical perspectives, and addresses various aspects of export and multinational marketing through management, public policy, and other issues.
Mary Frances Rice
International Pedagogical Practices of Teachers (Part 2)
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This proposed volume will profile research projects and methods that are at the top of the innovation curve in terms of their implications for teaching and teacher education. Chapters included in this volume include profiles of cutting edge work on methodological possibilities of studying diversity in online settings, engaging diverse adolescents and their parents in online coursework, working effectively with adolescents in need of credit recovery, pre-empting failure with the practical use of blended coursework for young children, supporting students with various types of disabilities in online settings, problematizing and unpacking the work of teachers in online settings as they plan for and attend to the needs of students who have not succeeded in traditional school situations, examining issues of glocality and ecosophia as pedagogical stances, and framing the work of teacher educators as they conceptualize curriculum to meet the needs of diverse students in taking online courses and thriving in virtual learning environments.
Thomas E. Scruggs
International Perspectives
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This volume is intended for researchers and graduate students of psychology, education, and special education. Because social, cultural, and economic conditions are varied from country to country, there is a need to explore how learning disabilities are identified, perceived, and addressed around the world. Up-to-date research from North and South America, Europe, and the United Kingdom is included to provide a global overview of a wide variety of learning and behavioral disorders. Internationally prominent authors discuss their research pertaining to the following areas: working memory, reading disabilities, ADHD, hearing impairments, motivational orientations, measurement of socio-cultural level, ecological perspectives on social behavior, and students with disabilities in international schools. International contributions ensure global coverage of subject matter. It includes unprecedented coverage of learning and behavioral disabilities in one volume.
Jérôme Méric
International Perspectives on Crowdfunding
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Crowdfunding as an entrepreneurial phenomenon substitutes traditional sources of finance (banks, financial markets, governments) for the crowd. Socially and economically, it is challenging the traditional boundaries that have been set for centuries between industry, the financial sector, and the public. Though its basic principle cannot be considered as a radical innovation, crowdfunding as a rapidly growing practice calls for renewed management, legal, and governance patterns. Descriptive inquiries on "how to do it" are multiplying but crowdfunding remains a fuzzy subject for research and reflexivity. This book gathers the best recent research outcomes on the managerial and social impact of this new practice. The need for theory is three-fold, for both scholars and practitioners. Positive theory is needed to understand how projects are organised, how (and why) they may succeed or fail and how governments consider this new practice and try to regulate it. Normative theory can provide templates and "recipes" to develop projects, and provide advice on which models are more efficient. Finally, critical theory is needed to consider the social and economic impact of crowdfunding.
Jaime Ortega
International Perspectives on Participation
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This volume analyses employee participation in under- researched countries and whose economic institutions differ from the Anglo-American context. Part one of the volume is dedicated to China. In a context in which economic decisions made by companies are closely influenced by the political institutions and practices, the extent to which Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) have the ability to make autonomous decisions is not to be taken for granted. The volume explores whether the executive labor market and firms' executive compensation practices differ from the Western context. Evidence on the role of trade unions in Chinese companies is also analyzed. Part two of the volume includes empirical evidence from Europe, Japan, and Korea, and focuses on high-involvement work practices. The main questions that the volume addresses are the incidence and determinants of these practices and their effects on firm performance. Evidence on the incidence contributes to understanding the importance of these practices in an international context, and the analyses on the determinants and effects help understand how the main trade-offs play out in different institutional contexts.
Lawrence R. Jones
International Perspectives on the New Public Management
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This is the third supplement to a series on international comparative management. It addresses: the status of applied new public management - applied and theoretical considerations; new public management in selected nations; and, new public management implementation challenges.
Khosrow Fatemi
International Public Policy and Regionalism at the Turn of the Century
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The global economy has undergone some major changes during the last several years. The objective of this book is to examine one particular aspect of the new global economic order, namely international public policy. The power of national governments in determining international public policy is being replaced by the dual extra-national entities of globalism - manifested by the WTO and regionalism - best exemplified by such groupings as the European Union and NAFTA. The reason for the importance of this topic is that government policy makers, like their private sector counterparts and academic researchers, are in uncharted waters. None is as familiar with the evolving system that is purportedly to manage the global economic arena. In the interim, and in the absence of a functioning global economic system, the role of academic researchers in the international public arena should include an examination of the changes which have already taken place as well as those which will be forthcoming in the coming years and decades. The first purpose of this volume is twofold: to provide an examination of international public policy in its current form; and to provide a forum for publication of some of the research findings in ongoing studies of international public policy. The second purpose of this book is to augment the work done in the area of examining the internationalizing process of public policy. It is hoped that it will also lead to an acceleration of the examination process.
Malcolm Tight
International Relations
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This is the third volume of "International Perspectives on Higher Education Research", a series which aims to feature something of the variety of research being undertaken into higher education systems and issues outside of North America. The theme of this volume is international relations, or how students, academics, universities and higher education systems relate to each other across international borders. The book deliberately sets out to convey a diversity of ideas and approaches. Thus, it includes contributions from researchers working in Australia, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand and the United Kingdom; examples of quantitative and qualitative strategies for data collection and analysis; and methodological approaches ranging from historical and policy analysis to self reflection. What is being considered under the theme of international relations has also been kept deliberately broad. Thus, the eleven chapters in the book examine the movement across borders and between systems of not only students and academics, but also policies and ideas. The book is edited by Malcolm Tight, Professor of Higher Education at Lancaster University in the United Kingdom.
Cheryl J. Craig
International Teacher Education
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All countries in the world understand that education is vital to human and economic prosperity and that teacher education unavoidably is implicated. But the snag is this: political forces shaping public opinion in individual nations (particularly the U.S.) are deeply divided concerning how teacher education should proceed. This book acknowledges this Achilles heel tension, but does not become weighed down by it. Instead, it focuses on the practical (t) (Schwab, 1969), matters that have been locally deliberated and enacted. Pedagogies are named, origins (cultural/practical/theoretical/policy roots) are traced and a live example of the pedagogy unfurling in the local setting is presented from an insider-view.
Lily Orland-Barak
International Teacher Education
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All countries in the world understand that education is vital to human and economic prosperity and that teacher education unavoidably is implicated. But the snag is this: political forces shaping public opinion in individual nations (particularly the U.S.) are deeply divided concerning how teacher education should proceed. This book acknowledges this Achilles heel tension, but does not become weighed down by it. Instead, it focuses on 'the practical' (Schwab, 1969), matters that have been locally deliberated and enacted. Pedagogies are named, origins (cultural/practical/theoretical/policy roots) are traced and a live example of the pedagogy unfurling in the local setting is presented from an insider-view.
Cheryl J. Craig
International Teacher Education
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To this point in time, teacher education has been approached in mostly insular ways because it is largely driven by state and national education policies. However, the spread of the global economy and the increased stature of international comparison tests (i.e., TIMSS) has changed all that. All countries in the world understand that education is vital to human and economic prosperity and that teacher education unavoidably is implicated. But the snag is this: political forces shaping public opinion in individual nations (particularly the U.S.) are deeply divided concerning how teacher education should proceed. This book acknowledges this Achilles heel tension, but does not become weighed down by it. Instead, it focuses on 'the practical' (Schwab, 1969), matters that have been locally deliberated and enacted. Pedagogies are named, origins (cultural/practical/theoretical/policy roots) are traced and a live example of the pedagogy unfurling in the local setting is presented from an insider-view. After that, the conditions necessary for the pedagogy to be transported successfully to another international location are discussed.
Raul Moncarz
International Trade and the New Economic Order
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Problems of world trade are one of the many international economic challenges that still remain despite the development of the "new world order" over the past twenty years. Clearly, a workable economic order has not yet been achieved, and this book aims to explore the significance of various issues in international trade that may be instrumental in bringing it about. International trade topics - both theoretical and applied - are discussed from a number of perspectives: the Anglo-Saxon, the Pacific-Asian, the European, and from a number of developing economies. The contrasting points of view in these 25 papers will help improve the reader's understanding of the various sources of conflict and cooperation in relation to many of the specific issues, such as exports, trade in services, trade agreements, and foreign direct investment, that affect the world economy and its progress towards a new world order.
Khosrow Fatemi
International Trade in the 21st Century
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Fundamental changes in recent decades have heightened the need for new and viable solutions to the problems of world trade. In the new climate of internationalisation an expanding number of firms are engaged in international trade, barriers have been coming down, and trading blocs, whose members may share the advantage of lower tariffs and the absence of quotas, are beginning to predominate. Such systems, however, have a generally negative impact on global trade and can be catastrophic for developing and non-industrialised economies. The degree of recent change has created an uncertainty that now demands new global trade systems - a new set of rules for the new environment. This book tackles some of the unresolved issues in international trade that will continue to press into the next century: the continuing controversy over NAFTA; globalised trade policy agreements vs local trade agreements; global leadership; the development and impact of the WTO; the single European market; trade controls; transition economies; trade policy reform; global airline competition; competition in financial services; trade wars; trade policies; and commercial policy, and international technology cooperation.
J. F. Williams
International Urban Planning Settings
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A group of academics and practitioners in urban planning and development present an array of essays, primarily focused on Pacific Rim cities, that analyze successful policies and programmes in urban development and explain why they have worked. These essays identify a number of key themes of change that are leading to innovation in strategic planning and management of urban regions/cities in the context of globalization, economic restructuring, social change, and the changing interface between government, the private sector, and the community sectors. These themes include, among others: electronic commerce and its impact on urban development, community involvement in planning, historical preservation, strategies for central city growth and revival, private sector versus government leadership in planning, creation of new cities from scratch contrasted with reinventing existing cities, and tools for urban planning and management. This should be a useful tool to all those actively involved and interested in the process of urban development worldwide.
Barbara Altman
International Views on Disability Measures
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Disability policy has become an increasingly important issue in countries around the world. More and more, as populations are exposed to war and civil conflicts, natural disasters, environmental poisons along with the effects of normal aging, accidents and poverty, disability has become a growing public health and civil rights problem. In order to develop reasonable policy solutions, countries need accurate, reliable estimates of the size and make up of their disabled population. Comparisons of policy solutions cross-nationally require that the data that is used as the basis for the policy decisions is comparable. At the same time that the world has determined an important need for data on populations with disability, the data that is available is still haphazard and not comparable. The UN has begun to address this need with a publication, the "Guidelines and Principles for the Development of Disability Statistics in 2001", and through the authorization of the formation of the Washington Group, an informal, temporary organization in the mode of a City Group. As a voluntary organization of National Statistical Office representatives, the purpose of the Washington Group is to address selected problems in statistical methods associated with the measurement of disability internationally. The papers in this volume reflect a sampling of the work done to this point by the Washington Group to address this important public health problem. The collection describes the background of disability measurement as the work of the group started from an international perspective and identifies other work being done in this area. It also provides snapshots of the data that is currently available and in use along with how the data is used in a variety of countries. Finally, a section on methodological issues identifies some insight as well as suggested solutions to key problems that will need to be addressed if the Group is to accomplish its task. This volume includes papers that examine the statistical problems associated with the measurement of disability internationally. It looks at country specific issues as well as overarching methodologies. It is an important contribution to disability and public policy.
Manuel G. Serapio
Internationalization of Research and Development and the Emergence of Global R & D Networks
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Three important developments underscore the internationalization of R&D since the early 1990s. First, MNCs from North America, Europe and Japan have increased their cross-border investments in R&D. Second, the roles played by the overseas R&D facilities of these MNCs have evolved from primarily acting as "technology transfer agents from the parent company to the host country" to that of a "resource for the development of technologies for the local, regional, and world markets." Third, MNCs are beginning to integrate their research activities on a global scale and a number of MNCs have established global R&D networks. This volume sheds light on the internationalization of R&D for research and technology management and international business scholars, industrial R&D practitioners, and government policymakers. Drawing on contributions from North American, European, and Japanese researchers, the volume addresses the above-mentioned three key developments and related topics on the internationalization of R&D, including investment motivation, location decision, R&D networks, and the management and organization of R&D.
Lynne M. Woehrle
Intersectionality and Social Change
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Volume 37 explores the question, what can the emerging discipline of intersectionality studies contribute to our quest to understand and analyze social movements, conflict and change? This collection is part of a continued broadening and deepening of the theoretical contributions of intersectional analysis in understanding social structures and human practices. It lends analytical eye to questions of how race, class, and gender shape strategy and experience in social change processes. It also stretches to include thinking about how analysis of age, religion, or sexual identity can influence the model. The papers contribute to our growing understanding of ways to use the social power analysis unique to the intersectional lens to offer new perspectives on well-researched questions such as group identity development in conflict, coalition organizing, and movement resonance. Through the intersectional lens questions often ignored and populations traditionally marginalized become the heart of the analysis. Additionally, the volume also considers how surveillance and information sharing shape the complex relationship between democratic freedoms and hegemonic governmental systems.
Festus E. Obiakor
Intervention Techniques for Individuals with Exceptionalities in Inclusive Settings
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This volume is a collection of chapters that is creatively organized to address current topics, issues, and practices related to providing comprehensive special education services for learners with exceptionalities in inclusive settings. Each chapter highlights innovative techniques that work for those learners. The chapters are punctuated with teaching ideas and practical tips that are very valuable in efforts to translate research resources and rhetoric into professional practice. The information presented reflects multiple perspectives, points of view, and philosophies as well as a movement to connect parents with teachers, professionals with professionals, and schools with communities.
Susan S. Schiffman
Introduction to Multidimensional Scaling
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This introductory volume includes worked examples from a variety of data sets about the most frequently used models and computer programs for MDS, as well as techniques for collecting data and assessing MDS results. It covers the design, execution, and analysis of multidimensional scaling experiments and includes detailed descriptions and examples of six major MDS computer programs: MINISSA, POLYCON, KYST, INDSCAL/SINDSCAL, ALSCAL and MULTISCALE. These six approaches are sufficiently fundamental that continuing developments in the field will build on the principles presented in this volume.
R.O. Zerbe
Introduction to the Law and Economics of Environmental Policy
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"An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Environmental Policy" emphasises the importance of institutional design in addressing social problems. Three important issues concerning institutional design are: policies, instruments, and enforcement. This volume surveys each of the issues, and emphasises the common themes arising in optimal institutional design. These themes include the cost of complex institutional design, and the role of private institutions attaining social objects. This book will be particularly useful to law schools, departments of government, policy or economics, environmental managers and insurance companies.
Geoffrey Walford
Investigating Educational Policy Through Ethnography
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Within the United Kingdom questions about the relevance of educational research and its relationship to policy have recently been the centre of a prolonged, public and sometimes acrimonious debate. The chapters in this book illustrate the ability of ethnographic work to assist in understanding the effects of educational policies to gradually influence the policy discourse. The book includes studies of policy initiatives at the local level that show the extent to which an intended change actually occurred in practice, others where actual change occurred, but there were unintended consequences as well as those planned by the policy, and others that illuminate the contradictions within the original policy itself. Chapters focus on a diversity of topics such as the ideology of educational 'success', politics and school mathematics, ITC teaching, sports coaching, basic skills provision for offenders, second language learning, ESOL teaching, primary teachers work, and the teaching of reading and spelling.
Irina Farquhar
Investing in Health
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Public health has, for many years, been concerned with efforts to increase the efficiency of health care delivery, to measure changes in health care resource utilization and associated costs, and to link these changes to different types of interventions. These efforts, as well as collaboration between biopharmaceutical organizations, producers of medical devices, and managed care and public health organizations, have been enhanced by the opportunities created within the fast growing field of outcomes research. This volume presents studies contributing to the enhancement of the outcomes research paradigm by incorporating economic and social interactions within the health care delivery, clinical decision-making and outcomes systems. A multidisciplinary team of scientists in the fields of outcomes research, pharmacoeconomics, public health, health services research, and health economics address such complex problems as: benefits and cost of advancements in genetic technologies; methodologies for constructing health care utilization and cost estimates; and the effect of insurance type on resource utilization and health outcomes. Other studies consider both the types of drugs purchased and the prices paid, pharmaceutical spending and health outcomes, incremental advantages of newer treatments, willingness to pay measurements, disease-specific impacts on human capital and quality of life, and modelling clinical trial results. One of the most important findings in this book is the description of the role of low energy in the symptomatology of depression and its strong relationship with absenteeism, work productivity and social functioning. Another paper documents the disease-specific mortality, case-fatality and annual health care utilization in diabetics and establishes the association of respiratory conditions with elevated mortality among diabetics. The work contains other papers which provide significant results in cardiovascular, infectious, central nervous system disease areas as well as in quality of life and health outcomes measurements.
Alison Taysum
Investing in our Education
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This volume acknowledges the need for better understanding in leadership, management and administration of new knowledge which is crucial for effective leadership in a period of massive policy reform and deepening austerity in education. The doctorate is key to meeting this global challenge as it offers new and valid ways of enabling innovation and utility in an approach to knowledge creation and management that embodies meaningful methods for assuring improvement, effectiveness, efficiency and equity in education. The chapters in this edited collection emerge from a British Educational Leadership Management and Administration Society (BELMAS) funded Seminar Series. The international leading academics and researching practitioners contributing chapters to the book focus upon purposes, pedagogies and the impact of the doctorate on educational leaders and leadership development. Further, the chapters reveal how doctoral study helps equip leaders to implement policy and develop strategies to steer their organizations towards improving policy provision, and practice.
Austin Sarat
Is the Death Penalty Dying?
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This volume of "Studies in Law, Politics, and Society" presents a unique special issue "Is the Death Penalty Dying?." Drawing together an array of distinguished scholars from political science, criminology, sociology, and law, this volume provides a comprehensive assessment of the status of the death penalty in the United States, its past, and its trajectory for the future. Taken together, the work published in this volume exemplifies the kind exciting and innovative work now being done by legal scholars from different disciplines.This is a special issue examining the death penalty in the US. It draws together an array of distinguished scholars from political science, criminology, sociology, and law.
Masudul Alam Choudhury
Islamic Economics and Finance
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Islamic Economics and Finance: An Epistemological Inquiry is a scholarly work on the foundations of the role that the moral and ethical law plays on human enterprise comprising economics, finance, society and science. Divided into three parts, theoretical, empirical and application, the study covers a vast area of socio-scientific investigation and is extensively comparative in perspective. Its methodology is a mix of a textual, analytical, diagrammatic, mathematical and applied nature spanning various problems of Islamic economics, finance, society and science within a general-system worldview of unity of knowledge. This book presents multidimensional general-system conception, construction, formalism, application and inference as empirically viable and explainable and uses the language of philosophy of science and applied mathematical models alongside policy analysis. At a time when an epistemological study of the foundations of Islamic economics, finance, society and science is receiving crucial attention worldwide this text is equally accessible to the informed reader and the specialized one.
Mark Hirschey
Issues in Corporate Governance and Finance
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While "Advances" continues to publish papers from any area of Finance, the focus of this issue is on corporate governance, broadly defined as the system of controls that helps corporations and other organizations effectively manage, administer, and direct economic resources. Papers of this title deal with the role played by boards of directors, impact of ownership, executive compensation, and investor protection. Other papers deal with stock repurchases, default, banking, financial sector development, and the Asian financial crisis. Papers cover a wide range of international experience, including evidence from the U.S., Japan, Israel, Malaysia, China, and New Zealand. Papers cover a wide range of international experience with this issue focusing on corporate governance. This book series is available electronically at website.
J.P. Keeves
Issues in Educational Research
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"Issues in Educational Research" presents an overview of the many controversial questions arising today in educational research, that depend on the nature of the problem and the extent to which research has previously been undertaken in an area. These issues are addressed by different scholars, each from their own particular orientation. They are presented in juxtaposition so that researchers, teachers, policy makers, administrators and students can examine the different views being advanced and discuss their meaning with respect to different situations. The volume is divided into three sections: an introduction to the field; diverse approaches; and finally the key issues facing educational research today, worldwide. The editors argue the case for a unified view of the field of educational research.
Gary D. Libecap
Issues in Entrepreneurship
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Entrepreneurship is recognized as critical for the growth of both individual firms and overall economies. Entrepreneurship fosters the introduction of new products, processes and organizations. It provides the flexibility and dynamism required for responding to new market opportunities and challenges. Despite all of this, entrepreneurship is not well understood. Who is an entrepreneur? What conditions promote entrepreneurship? How does it differ across firms and across countries? Fortunately, as revealed in the chapters included in this volume, there is an active research agenda on entrepreneurship. There is information for academics, business people, and a lay audience on vital issues including, collaborations between R&D firms, corporate entrepreneurship and firm growth, technological change and entrepreneurship in Taiwan, venture capital, cross country comparisons of entrepreneurship by women, the characteristics of high-tech enterepreneurs, and the leading US business plans competition, MOOT Corp.
Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld
Issues in Health and Health Care Related to Race/Ethnicity, Immigration, SES and Gender
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The 30th Anniversary volume of Research in the Sociology of Health Care looks at the important links between major social factors and health and health care. The four main factors examined in the book are race/ethnicity, immigration, Socioeconomic Status (SES) and gender. Starting with an introductory chapter which reviews some of the important sociological literature on these social factors as linked to health, the book goes on to cover various key issues, including obesity, ageing, immigration and racial segregation.
L.A. Nail
Issues in International Corporate Control and Governance
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The ever-changing nature of the business world and government policies makes continuing research on the capital markets model vital to our complete and current understanding of how corporate governance affects business and economies throughout the world. There is an abundance of empirical and theoretical research on the topics of corporate control and governance, however, most research in this area has been concentrated in countries where the capital markets are the main source of corporate financing - the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. This volume, organized into four components, is designed to analyze the issues affecting corporate control and governance from a global perspective. The first three sections - North America; Europe and Australia; and Emerging Markets - offer theoretical and empirical studies from these respective regions of the world. The countries/regions studied in these sections include the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Continental Europe, Germany, France, Holland, Russia, Chile, South Korea, and Sri Lanka. The fourth section, Clinical Studies, provides case studies that analyze individual events and may also be used for classroom instruction.
Robert G. Burgess
Issues in Qualitative Research
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This volume is one of a series of research annuals on qualitative research designed to take up issues and debates in this area that relate to methodology, the relationship between data collection and data analysis, the relationship between theory and method, and the implications of qualitative research for social policy and evaluation.
Torsten Husen
Issues in Science Education
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This book presents a collection of papers from an international symposium on Science and Education in the 21st Century held at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences as part of a celebration of their 250th anniversary. The papers, written by leading scientists and educators, review the competence achieved by science teaching in secondary schools as well as the issues facing science education. The book also gives the first overview of what we know about sex differences in science achievement and attitudes, and analyses the factors behind these differences. Ecological aspects in science teaching are also discussed as are recommendations about science teaching for the future.
Sandra Burkhardt
Issues, Practices, and Concerns in Special Education
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This series is aimed at graduate students in special education, educational psychology, and developmental and clinical psychology. Various contributors discuss basic theoretical positions and empirical findings within various professions which provide the foundation for research and clinical/educational applications to exceptional children. Included are chapters covering aspects of cognition, perception, language, memory, attention, motivation and socialization, as well as chapters dealing with behaviourist, psychodynamic, piagetian and cross-cultural approaches to understanding a typical development. Taken as a whole, this series identifies the important substantive constructs and concepts which provide the underpinnings for applied practice and research in special education and related fields.
Joyce Main Hanks
Jacques Ellul
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Since his death in 1994, the understanding of Jacques Ellul's significance appears to have deepened considerably. A colloquium devoted to his work in Technique, held six months before his death, drew scholars from all over the world to Bordeaux, France. Four years later, in September 1997, the Penn State University conference on Education and Technology attracted over two hundred participants, most of whom gave evidence of interaction with Ellul's thought. His contribution to the study of the sociology and theology of technology has now been universally acknowledged and built upon. Few scholars seem to appreciate, however, the full scope of his work, especially in areas outside their expertise. One of the goals of this volume is to present the totality of his work, as thoroughly as it can now be established, so that interested persons can explore what he wrote in detail.
Marc J. Epstein
January Effect and Other Seasonal Anomalies
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This book applies John Maynard Keynes' theory of investor liquidity preferences to the examination of the stock market literature on the January effect and other seasonal anomalies. Keynes' theory provides a common theoretical framework and represents a paradigm shift for the examination of all seasonals. An extensive literature review is provided along with identification and empirical examinations of the intergenerational transfers hypothesis, special closings of the New York Stock Exchange, tax (estimated tax) payment effects, and an historical/contemporary retail merchandising industry seasonal. Databases used for empirical tests include the Stock Index and Market Seasonals (SIMS) database, the Cowles Index and contemporary Standards and Poor's counterparts, and the Internal Revenue Service's Statistic of Income public use file.
J. Jay Choi
Japanese Finance
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Japan has always been an "odd man out" from the standpoint of Western norm or Western finance. It is a country that is as developed as any in the West. However, it is also a country that possesses the significant institutional and cultural traits that separate it from the West. An important question in finance is to what extent the basic models of finance, developed with the Western "perfect market" view in mind, can be applied to Japan; or conversely, what critical adjustments must be made to make models amendable to the reality of Japanese finance. This book contains 21 substantive papers that address various aspects of Japanese finance. This is an attempt to bring them together under the same cover so that the commonality and peculiarity of Japanese finance can be more easily discerned across different applications as well as compared across countries. Hence, despite apparent differences in topics, the theme is international and comparative in nature throughout.
Joseph L.C. Cheng
Japanese Firms in Transition
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The decade long period of slow growth in Japan has raised provocative questions relating to theory development in international management. Japans "lost decade" has led to changes in both overall strategy and to increased variety in individual firm responses to slower growth. The combination of internal changes in the Japanese domestic business environment and external changes in the international environment has generated strong incentives for Japanese firms to seek new ways to structure and compete. These adjustments have necessitated changes not only in the management of Japanese firms domestically, but in overseas markets as well. This volume includes contributing chapters from authors based in Asia, Europe, and North America to examine how Japanese firms have responded to the challenge of a slower domestic economy and a more competitive international economy. Articles were selected to address three aspects of this issue: adaptation to domestic environmental changes, adjustments in inter-organizational relations, and the experience in foreign MNCs in Japan and Japanese MNCs abroad.
Jonathan Batten
Japanese Fixed Income Markets
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The Japanese capital markets were liberalized, decontrolled and increasingly opened to foreign participation in the 1970s. The fixed income market particularly expanded to finance the government fiscal deficits commencing in 1975. However, growth in the non-Government side of the market for Japan has been a more recent phenomenon and a goal of policymakers in Japan and Asia since 1997. These markets are now second only to those in the United States and dominate the issuance market in the Asian Pacific region. The latter does not surprise since Japan is second only to the United States in debt issuance globally and in recent years has had one of the worlds largest government bond and interest rate derivatives markets. However, these relationships are not static and the portfolio flows between Japanese fixed income markets, the Asia Pacific region and the rest of the world. This remains a matter of considerable importance for institutional investors, central banks and governments. The efforts of the authors who have contributed to this volume will measurably add to our understanding of the Japanese Fixed Income Market. This volume is structured into four parts: Macroeconomic Environmental Development, Credit Risk Measures and Management, Interest Rate Analysis and Market Integration sections. There are seventeen chapters in the volume with thirty-one authors, many of whom are prominent in academic and practitioner aspects of the Fixed Income markets field, contributing their insight to this volume. It is a four part volume that adds to the understanding of the Japanese Fixed Income Market, where 17 chapters and 31 authors ensure a wide range of expertise and insight, and the focus is placed on macroeconomic environmental developments, credit risk measures and management, interest rate analysis and market integration.
D.R. Basu
Japanese Multinational Companies
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This book provides an in-depth analysis of the management and investment strategies of Japanese multinational companies, examining foreign investment from a Japanese perspective by studying international business practices and the behaviour of multinational companies in the global environment. Beginning with an overview of recent trends in international capital flows and the role of international mergers and acquisitions, it describes the global environment for Japanese multinational companies as it affects Japanese foreign direct investment, as well as the impact of Japanese foreign investment in the host countries. The domestic cultural environment of Japanese companies is investigated, providing a background to the understanding of the expansion of Japanese business activities throughout the world. Foreign investments in various parts of the world are examined in detail, as are their impact on the domestic economy of Japan. A comprehensive analysis of the strategic planning process in Japanese multinational companies follows, and the book concludes with an assessment of the management and leadership styles of Japanese multinational companies and how they differ from Western leadership styles. This book is a valuable source of information about recent developments in the international economy in which Japan is playing a prominent role.
G.S. Golany
Japanese Urban Environment
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Japan has led the world in urban innovation, design and planning, successfully combining high population with functionality, cleanliness and low levels of crime. "The Japanese Urban Environment" sets out to explain the reasons for this success, showing how both natural and human-made factors influence urban life. Interdisciplinary, comprehensive and up-to-date, this major new book shows how the physical cityscape of climate, buildings and infrastructure interacts with social and cultural factors to produce a unique environment. Divided into four parts, the volume addresses: the social, cultural and physical determinants of the Japanese urban environment, showing how cultural values have influenced the historical evolution of cities; the climate, energy use and leisure provision in the city from an environmental perspective; and the infrastructure of the Japanese city and its growth since the Second World War, illustrating how technical 'hardware', such as the subway systems, operates effectively because of the social, economic and cultural 'software'; and, the future of urban design in Japan, indicating the impact of national and local planning, the uses of advanced technology and methods for urban redevelopment. With contributions by a wide range of Japanese specialists, this work addresses the full complexity of the urban environment. The authors show how a dynamic synthesis of traditional Eastern socio-cultural influences with Western building and engineering techniques led to the modern Japanese city. Edited with extensive introductions to each section by Gideon Golany, the "Japanese Urban Environment" makes existing Japanese scholarship available to a wider audience. Scholars and policy makers will discover remarkable insights into successful urban design which can be applied to the cities across the industrialised and newly industrialising world.
Helena Lopata
Jobs in Context
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This is the tenth volume in a series discussing research on occupations and professions. Topics covered in this title include: rural Chinese household workers in Beijing; immigration, tradition, community and gender; the professionalization of real estate sales work; and, legal practice boundaries.
Solomon W. Polachek
Jobs, Training, and Worker Well-Being
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This volume contains twelve cutting edge papers contributing new research to important issues concerning worker welfare. The research deals with earnings inequality, discrimination, the effects of migration, and economic policy. Answers to a number of policy related questions are given including: Why are jobs designed the way they are? Does seniority-based pay provide a sufficient motivation for workers? Do sex-segregated firms grow more quickly than firms more equally divided by gender? What policies are effective in combating discrimination? Why is relative rural-urban income inequality so much greater in China than the US? How does migrating from one region to another affect one's child's schooling decisions? Do higher migration levels affect native worker wages?
Warren J. Samuels
John R. Commons's Investigational Economics
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Part of a series which offers contemporary work and research in the areas of methodology and the history of economic thought, this volume concentrates on the work on John R. Commons.
Ray W. Cooksey
Judgement Analysis
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"Judgment Analysis" provides the first theoretical and methodological summary of judgment analysis that integrates a diverse range of issues, guiding principles, and applications. The key features concern with capturing, comparing, and aggregating judgment policies. The book is a training guide for new researchers and postgraduate students and a handbook for more experienced researchers and consultants. It is a complete methodological guide to the conduct of judgment analysis studies. It traces the history of the judgment analysis paradigm from Brunswik to present day professionals. It reviews areas of application for judgment analysis including medical, social policy, education, clinical, and consumer management. It covers the newest developments in the lens model equation, and unites information from a wide variety of sources in one volume.
Karen A. Hegtvedt
Justice
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Justice processes operate in small groups, organizations, institutions, as well as society as a whole. Scholars from a variety of disciplines tackle a wide range of fundamental issues about justice. This volume brings together sociologists and psychologists who address issues pertaining to distributive, procedural, and interactional justice using a range of methodologies. Substantively, authors grapple with issues relevant to the processes underlying justice evaluations, including motivations, perceptions, identities, ideologies and exclusionary practices. They also consider the consequences of these evaluations, focusing on negative emotions, moral outrage, social action, and dispute resolution choices.In doing so, this volume highlights the role of the social structure in justice processes, thereby emphasizing that justice is more than just threads of individual assessments. Instead, justice is a collective process through which groups construct meaning and maintain the fabric of society.
Stefinee E. Pinnegar
Knowing, Becoming, Doing as Teacher Educators
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The Advances in Research on Teaching series was established to provide state-of-the-art conceptualization and analysis of the processes involved in functioning as a classroom teacher. These include not only the behaviors of teachers that can be observed in the classroom, but also the planning, thinking, and decision making that occur before, during, and after interaction with students.
Arie Rip
Knowledge and Society
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Part of a series examining different aspects of knowledge and society, this volume focuses on the anthropology of science and technology. Divided into three parts, it covers: the reconstruction of medical science and technology; science and technology at large; and discipline, culture and power.
Maynard C. Reynolds
Knowledge Base for the Beginning Teacher
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In this volume, the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education offers the first in a series of state-of-the-art analyses of research, theory, and practice in the various domains of teaching. The knowledge base for teaching and teacher education takes a variety of forms and is drawn from many disciplines and other sources. This volume specifically covers generic knowledge, that is, knowledge considered by the profession as credible and generally applicable in most content areas and throughout elementary and secondary levels of teaching. More than 20 chapters are devoted to the following elements of knowledge essential for beginning teachers to practise: content of teaching, relationships between content and pedagogy, organization and management, understanding individual students, curriculum planning, context/environment for learning and teaching, and professional functions and responsibilities.
Eduardo Fayos-Sola
Knowledge Management in Tourism
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Sixty years after its birth, contemporary tourism is at crossroads. It has grown to become a key element of economic well-being, but it is threatened and threatening. Its enemies are congestion, destruction of natural and cultural environments, and social unrest. However, it also contributes its fair share to these evils. How can tourism really become a fulcrum for development and sustainability in the 21st century? This is a matter of crucial importance for entrepreneurs, governments, and civil society stakeholders, and Knowledge Management in Tourism: Policy and Governance Applications provides these key players with answers and queries, and above all with the strategic tools to understand and act. Knowledge Management in Tourism: Policy and Governance Applications is an indispensable instrument for everyone interested in the theory and practice of this very important human pursuit: the quest for effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of tourism activities in helping build the future of mankind.
Michael M. Beyerlein
Knowledge Work in Teams
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This second volume in the series covers such topics as cross-functional teamwork, working in public and learning-in-action, organizing knowledge work systems and varieties of knowledge work experience.
J. Hartog
Labor Market Contracts and Institutions
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This volume examines new theoretical developments in labour contracts and relates them to the actual content of such contracts, and to differences in labour contracts which depend on the specifics of the institutional environment in which they are negotiated. This study is done from an international perspective, by comparing differences in labour contracts among European countries and between Europe, Japan and the US. The comparison consists of a careful description of selected characteristics of labour contracts and traits of the institutional environment and an explanation of their national emergence. The novelty of the study lies in the integrated approach of practical specification of labour contracts and theoretical analysis based on economic principles of efficiency. Existing contract theory in labour economics is used and extended when necessary to explain the occurrence of certain contract clauses, the division between legal and private arrangements, the role and function of institutions in the labour market and so on.
Solomon W. Polachek
Labor Market Issues in China
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After three decades of economic reform, China is experiencing substantial demographic changes and a steady structural transformation toward a market economy. These phenomena pose major challenges for the Chinese labor market, which are at the center of the booming academic and policy research in recent years. This volume presents fresh knowledge on labor market issues in China. It contains eight original research articles which offer insights and answers to question such as: Which are the most important challenges of the Chinese labor market? How does rural-urban migration affect occupational choice in rural China? Does urban occupational mobility differ across gender? Which is the cost of job displacement in urban labor markets? Is over-qualification affecting the hiring probability across educational groups? How does the social insurance system perform in terms of coverage of urban workers? Which are the incentive problems in the new rural pension program?
Nicholas Mercuro
Labor Markets in Transition
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The 10th volume of International Review of Comparative Public Policy, focuses on the Labor Markets in Transition.
Terry Marsden
Labor Relations in Globalized Food
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In recent years labor relations have altered significantly and new and more serious forms of labor marginalization and control have emerged. This book looks at labor in agriculture and food in a global era by studying salient characteristics of the conditions and use of labor in global agri-food. Written by experienced and also emerging scholars, the chapters present a wealth of empirical data and robust theorizations that allow readers to grasp the complexity of this topic. The volume stresses the new and emerging dimensions of labor and its continuous importance under globalization. Relevant to those studying the use and position of labor in neoliberal globalization, topics addressed include: Globalization and change in labor relations, mobility of agricultural labor, social upgrading, labor relations and resistance in the value chain.
Daniel B. Cornfield
Labor Revitalization
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This work examines variations among nations in the wide array of initiatives labour unions and labour movements are taking to strengthen themselves and recruit new members. Moving beyond previous research on the factors leading to union decline, the international group of scholars who have contributed to this volume present a research agenda on the many initiatives unions are taking - and the different social, economic, and political challenges they face in several world regions, as labour movements endeavor to revitalize themselves. These revitalizing initiatives include changing labor leadership and membership organizing strategies; "social movement unionism"; broadening the range of services provided to union members; and pursuing political and legal reform that achieves freedom of association. The contemporary cases of labour revitalization in this volume have occurred in Australia, Brazil, Germany, Korea, Mexico, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Venezuela. The research agenda presented here rests on the conceptualization of labour revitalization as "socially embedded action," or strategic action taken by labor unions to strengthen themselves by redefining their relationships with workers, employers and states. Each of the three parts of "Labor Revitalization" addresses labour's changing relationships with workers, employers, and states, respectively.
Jon Erik Dølvik
Labour Mobility in the Enlarged Single European Market
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The 2004 reunification of Eastern and Western Europe and the subsequent economic crisis caused a surge in intra-European labour mobility and a profound shift in preceding patterns of migration in Europe. While previous decades of European integration brought very modest cross-border flows of labour, the past decade has engendered the largest European movements of labour in modern time – mostly from East to West, but eventually also from South to North. In a situation of record high European unemployment, this has sparked controversy about the very notion of free movement, one of the basic foundations of the European Community, and has unleashed heated debates about the conditions, causes, and consequences of large-scale labour migration for receiving as well as sending societies. Against this background, this volume of Comparative Social Research will contribute to improve our understanding of the drivers, mechanisms, and effects of the past decade’s surge in cross-border labour mobility and work related migration within Europe.
Stephen Marshall
Land Use and Transport
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This is a text/reference, written in a style accessible to non-specialists as well as academic researchers. It shows the inter-relationships between transport and land use planning, emphasising the nature of their integration, and showing benefits of integration. It demonstrates research findings and draws conclusions for application to policy and practice. It is coherent and comprehensive and is based on a major set of recently completed European research projects (PLUME). It focuses on the relationships between transport and land use planning. It addresses general topics and specialist topics before providing a synthesis to the discussion. The information is gathered from the PLUME project.
Harvey Arbelaez
Latin American Financial Markets
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This book is a collection of 21 original papers on Latin American finance by prominent researchers in and out of the region. This is an attempt to bring them together under the same umbrella so that the commonality and peculiarity of Latin finance can be more easily discerned across different applications as well as compared across countries. While topics are diverse (encompassing corporate finance, banking, equity and bond markets, dollarization, and pension funds), the papers range from country-specific to comparative and international in perspectives.
David J. Leon
Latino College Presidents
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Latino College Presidents: In Their Own Words is a collection of autobiographical-professional essays by leading Latino and Latina presidents of colleges and universities across the country. Each has written a chapter based on their personal education and professional lives. \r\nThe presidents divide their essays into three sections: 1) Surviving the educational pipeline to obtain an advanced degree, in which they detail their parents' support and at times sacrifices for their children's educational dreams; 2) Moving up the faculty/administrative ladders, in which they cite challenges they experienced and numerous examples from their backgrounds that helped them become successful professors and administrators; 3) Advice for up-and-coming administrators, in which they describe numerous projects they designed and implemented, often reflecting their parents' values and impact on their long careers.
David J. Leon
Latinos in Higher Education
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America faces a serious challenge: the looming surge in Latino college enrollment. Latinos are now the largest minority in the United States, accounting for 12 percent of the population. Yet their presence is scarce in higher education, just 1.7 percent of first-time, full-time students in American public universities in 1998 are Latino. Because of the evolving demographics, Latinos will make up an increasingly greater percentage of prospective and potential applicants to higher education programs. Will postsecondary institutions be ready for this wave? Can the community colleges accommodate it, and if not, what steps should four-year institutions take? And how can Latinos themselves increase their presence in higher education? Ultimately, it is not enough for Latinos to attend the colleges. They must also become part of the colleges. Will distance learning boost their enrollment in graduate programs? How can they increase their numbers among faculty and administrators? The answers to these questions will affect our whole society, and Latinos in Higher Education addresses those questions. The volume has three main sections: Demographics and Demand, The Crossover to College, and Rising in Academia. The first section focuses on the growing Latino demand for higher education in this country. The second examines the means of getting Latinos over the gap between high school and college. And the third treats routes to careers as faculty and administrators. Like most major phenomena, the issue of Latinos in US education has many facets, and each chapter explores and illuminates a new one.
Dana Gold
Law and Economics
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This volume explores the relationship between law and economics principles and the promotion of social justice. By social justice, we mean a vision of society that embraces more than traditional economic efficiency. Such a vision might include, for example, a reduction of subordination and discrimination based on race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability or class; increased wealth dispersion throughout all sectors of society; a safe and healthy environment; worker rights; and, a flourishing political democracy. The volume chapters here fall into four main categories, Assumptions of Law & Economics; Law & Economics: Implications of Behavioralism; Economics and Corporate Governance: Finding the Holes; and, Gender, Class and Race: Implications of and Alternatives to the Dominant Economic Paradigm. In addition, most of the chapters invoke the lens of corporate law theory or the corporate context as part of their analysis of the intersection of economics and social justice.
Austin Sarat
Law and Literature Reconsidered
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The purpose of this special issue of "Studies in Law, Politics, and Society" is to examine the situation of law and literature. Once hailed as a promising new way to think about law and as opening a vital conversation about literature the question today is whether the law and literature enterprise has lived up to its initial promise. Has it succeeded in establishing a new interdiscipinarity or lost energy as law and literature courses become part of the mainstream both in legal and literary studies? Has the study of law and literature given way or been incorporated into boarder interdisciplinary configurations? What, if any, new paradigms of literary study of legal phenomena are on the horizon?This is a contemporary study of law and literature. It includes contributions by an international group of leading scholars.
Austin Sarat
Law and Society Reconsidered
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This volume of "Studies in Law, Politics, and Society" presents a diverse array of interdisciplinary research. It contains articles by scholars from political science, sociology, and law. These articles examine the legal treatment of 'suspect' populations, the work of legal actors, and the works of various legal devices. Taken together the work published in this volume exemplifies the kind exciting and innovative work now being done by legal scholars from different disciplines. This book contains contributions from law and society scholars from political science, anthropology, sociology, and law and a comprehensive assessment of the state-of-the-field, its past, and its trajectory for the future.
Fred Dansereau
Leadership
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Part A includes the 'classical' and the 'new wave' approaches to leadership. The classical approaches should be instantly recognizable by any student of leadership because of their resilience and longevity during the last 35 years. The new wave approaches offer more recent and different perspectives on aspects of leadership that can be analyzed from a multiple-levels perspective.
Fred Dansereau
Leadership
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Part B includes the 'contemporary' and 'alternative' approaches to leadership. The contemporary approaches have a more explicit focus on both the leaders and the development of their followers; the three papers in this area demonstrate this subtle shift, covering the nature of charisma, transformational leadership and leader-member exchange. The alternative approaches seem to take a different tack, but demonstrate a blurring of distinctions between approaches. When levels of analysis are taken seriously, narrow approaches that previously focused solely on followers become broader by including leaders and their linkages with followers.
Matthew Sowcik
Leadership 2050
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The book begins with a section delving into foresight analysis, strategic foresight, and scenario planning. It then examines the pressing contexts and most wicked problems facing future leaders ranging from population growth and urbanization to climate change and resource competition. How can leaders create common cause and meet these issues with an eye toward peace, sustainability, and social justice? The book concludes with a series of unique ways of viewing the critical challenges facing leaders and suggests how skillsets and capacities needed to work on solutions to these challenges might be developed.Leadership 2050 helps us think at once about the demands our world is likely to face in the next thirty-five years and the leadership our communities and organizations will need to both survive those challenges and thrive.
Adrian McLean
Leadership and Cultural Webs in Organisations
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The call for a change of culture is commonplace in corporate and governmental settings. What this means and how to go about it have proved to be elusive challenges for the field of organisation and leadership studies. This work brings insights from the field of anthropology to illuminate these questions and proposes a fresh approach to working with them. Interweaving ideas from the fields of Social Construction, Anthropology and Complex Responsive Processes with examples of cultural change drawn from across the spectrum of organisational life, this book offers a compelling perspective on how to work with these powerful yet hidden forces. The author combines 35 years of experience as a consultant with the rigour of business academia. With a capacity to bring clarity to complex issues, the author identifies a range of practical and strategic options for those leaders, managers and consultants looking to promote cultural change. Building on the metaphor of cultures as 'webs of signification', McLean considers how cultural webs form, how they change, and shows how to reveal the unique forms that they take in different organisational settings.
Manuel G. Serapio
Leadership and Innovation in Emerging Markets
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As the business world becomes increasingly global, so increases the need to understand differences and similarities in work behaviour. This volume offers frameworks for analysis which will be needed to understand the dynamics of organizational behaviour in the international arena.
Anthony H. Normore
Leadership in Education, Corrections and Law Enforcement
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Leadership in Education, Corrections and Law Enforcement: A Commitment to Ethics, Equity and Excellence fills a unique gap in the knowledge base - the juncture between leadership, ethics, law, and how public institutions/organizations understand and practice the essence of all three. Authors from law enforcement, corrections education, and educational leadership present different yet overlapping constructs around ethics and law, and make an important step towards reconciling these differing views to demonstrate the significance of collaboration and partnerships for a common purpose.
Alan M. Rugman
Leadership in International Business Education and Research
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International Business education and research became institutionalized in leading US business schools in the 1960's. One of the most influential business schools and one of the first to develop a full international business department was Indiana University. In the first two sections of this book, the leadership of Indiana University in the developments in the field of international business is assessed. In subsequent parts of the book, the influence of Indiana University on the major associated fields of research and teaching (finance, marketing, and management) is assessed, and recent research themes in these fields are explored.The book develops several overlapping themes: the process of internationalization within major Business Schools; the Indiana University experience as a leader in comparison to others; the extent to which I.B. has been effectively "infused" in key functional areas of traditional business education; the current state of knowledge about International Business research; and, new issues in International Business research.Parts III, IV, and V of this book extend the key theme about the historical development of international business by looking into current research areas. In Part III, the international aspects of research and teaching in marketing and finance are considered. In Part IV, several papers present state-of- the-art literature reviews and extensions of current research issues in international management strategy. In Part V, issues in global, regional and sub-national strategy are considered, several from a business economics perspective. The latter parts of the book serve to place the earlier historical discussion of IB in context and illustrate how mature and wide-ranging the field has become over the last fifty years.
Yair Berson
Leadership Lessons from Compelling Contexts
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Research into leadership often focuses on standard business organizations. We know little about these proposed models apply to leadership in other contexts, such as the military, sports, film and television industries or religious organizations. Here, we deliberately reverse the idea of investigating how standard models fit into non-standard contexts; we want to know what leadership lessons can be drawn from compelling yet understudied contexts. Research and theory from four types of contexts are presented: Those characterized by high levels of competition, such as sport, those in which the generation of innovation and creativity is crucial e.g. film and television, high-risk contexts such as the military and aviation, and those where fostering the well-being of others is at the core. To summarize, as much as we can learn about leadership from standard business organizations and apply it to unusual contexts, the same applies the other way round: Idiosyncrasies of compelling contexts teach us fundamental lessons about leadership which are also applicable to other settings.
Tony Simons
Leading In Health Care Organizations
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Health care organizations around the world are judged in terms of a health care triple bottom line: ensuring employee and patient safety, maximizing employee and patient satisfaction, and meeting financial goals. Given the increasing burden of chronic diseases, the increasing complexity of medical interventions, and the increasing costs of care, innovative leadership is required to achieve this triple bottom line. The 14th volume of the Advances in Health Care Management research series addresses the links between leadership and safety, satisfaction or financial performance in health care management by exploring questions such as the following: (1) How does leadership impact employee safety? (2) How does leadership affect patient safety? (3) How does leadership impact employee satisfaction? (4) How does leadership affect patient satisfaction? (5) How does leadership affect financial performance? (6) How do health care organizations deploy multi-level leadership to achieve safety goals? Satisfaction goals? Financial goals? Multiple goals? (7) How do health care organization leaders establish and maintain a safety culture? A patient-centered culture? A high performance culture? Combined cultures?"
Peter Lorange
Leading in Turbulent Times
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For much of his business life, Peter Lorange has had three careers running in parallel - as a business academic leading some of the world's most important business schools, as the head of a shipping company and as a board member for several multinational companies. As a result, he has seen leadership from all angles, inside and out. In this book, Peter shares what he has learnt about leadership during turbulent times and, in particular, the key insights that emerged from some of the most challenging moments in his career. Drawing on his own experiences and those of other CEOs interviewed especially for this book, Peter identifies the four leadership characteristics essential in turbulent times, and the three leadership tasks that are critical to an organization under stress. He identifies the type of organization that leaders must create in order to meet the challenges they face today, and explores what it means to be the person sitting where the buck stops. Peter describes how he is bucking the trend and reinventing the business school model at a time when many organizations are keeping their heads down and hoping for the global situation to improve.
Karen L. Sanzo
Leading Small and Mid-Sized Urban School Districts
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The majority of the research in the US public education system has been conducted in large urban areas that do not reflect the majority of urban systems. The categorization of the size of districts does not capture the organizational diversity and complexity of school systems, including at-risk students and other demographic variables. The implications are that policy, preparation, research and funding are adversely skewed by an overrepresentation of research in urban districts that do not reflect the majority. This edited collection explores the ways in which small to mid-sized school districts influence leadership preparation, leadership practice, and accountability and assessment. With contributions from respected specialists, the volume addresses topics such as coaching, poverty, leadership preparation programs, accountability and assessment, English Language Learners, district leadership, and organizational learning and trust.
Robert G. Burgess
Learning About Fieldwork
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The last decade has witnessed a considerable increase in research that could be broadly described as ethnographic, qualitative or a case study among investigators working within such disciplines and areas of study as sociology, criminology and education, as well as sub-fields like industrial relations and the sociology of health and healing. Such work draws on a style of investigation traditionally used by social anthropologists and includes methods such as participant observation, unstructured interviews and documentary evidence. This range of research methods is commonly included under the term field research and qualitative methodology. It is the intention of these research annuals on qualitative research to take up issues and debates in this area that relate to methodology, the relationship between data collection and data analysis, the relationship between theory and method and the implications of qualitative research for social policy and evaluation. Each volume of "Studies in Qualitative Methodology" takes a specific theme relating to qualitative research. Earlier volumes have focussed on the conduct of the qualitative research (Volume 1) and research experience (Volume 2). In all the accounts that have been provided, authors have been encouraged to write in the first person and to focus upon the methodological lessons that can be learned from field research. These themes come together in this volume (Volume 3) which focuses on the learning experience for a group of researchers who have conducted their first major study for a PhD. In this respect, the essays that follow focus on the learning experience in the field and on the process of doing research, and deal with such issues as the biography of the researcher, the role of personal experience, the process of gaining access (through sponsors, gatekeepers and informants), the collection of data through the management of field relations, the analysis of data and the writing process. The authors demonstrate the complexity of conducting fieldwork and the range of interpersonnal skills that need to be used alongside research design, writing and theorizing.
Lynn Cohen
Learning Across the Early Childhood Curriculum
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Education, according to John Dewey, should be viewed as dynamic and ongoing with direct teaching of integrated content knowledge. This volume offers readers an examination of the content areas in early childhood curriculum that honor Dewey's belief in active, integrated learning. When young children learn in a way that is most natural to them, they unconsciously integrate subject areas into a complex whole based on their current interests. The ability to apply and integrate academic skills such as language arts, numeracy, scientific investigation, social studies, technology, and health and physical education is key to building capacity for future learning. Teachers who follow this method of teaching view curriculum as a fully spun web that incorporates a number of subject matter components at one time, and ensure that the content areas are taught. Topics addressed in this volume include: The role of STEM, teacher preparation, communication and technology.
Albert C. Tuijnman
Learning Across the Lifespan
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There is a widespread consensus that adult education and continuing vocational training are central elements in a strategy aimed at achieving economic growth. However, the stakes are not only economic. Adult education has also become a structural determinant of employment opportunities, earnings and quality of life. Adults who lack the motivation, opportunity or information needed to participate in a lifelong learning society will become increasingly disadvantaged. Educational systems must prepare people for a life of active learning. This volume argues that the principles of lifelong learning must be at the heart of a new approach to skills development. Lifelong learning is advocated not as a theoretical and utopian idea, but as the inevitable reality in affluent, technologically advanced, politically and culturally pluralistic societies. Each chapter addresses one of several questions important for the future of lifelong education. In particular they concern theory and research on the five themes: lifespan development and education; intelligence; transfer and capacity to learn; informal learning in the work place; learning to learn; and the implications for policy.
Jeffrey P. Bakken
Learning Disabilities
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This volume addresses the most current perspectives and issues related to learning disabilities and is written by leaders in the field of learning disabilities. The layout of the book and ordering of chapters will allow readers to follow learning disabilities in a very logical and thoughtful process from legal issues, identification, and assessment, to effective practices and response to intervention finally ending with practical issues of inclusion, working with families, and teacher preparation. Chapters can be read in order or independently which will allow readers considerable versatility. Chapters in the book include: Inclusion and Students with Learning Disabilities; Reading Instruction and Students with Learning Disabilities; Written Instruction and Students with Learning Disabilities; Mathematics Instruction and Students with Learning Disabilities; Social Skills Training and Students with Learning Disabilities; Response to Intervention Techniques and Students with Learning Disabilities; Transition and Students with Learning Disabilities; Technology and Students with Learning Disabilities; Families and Students with Learning Disabilities; Teacher Preparation and Students with Learning Disabilities.
Jeffrey P. Bakken
Learning Disabilities
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This volume addresses the most current perspectives and issues related to learning disabilities and is written by leaders in the field of learning disabilities. The layout of the book and ordering of chapters will allow readers to follow learning disabilities in a very logical and thoughtful process from legal issues, identification, and assessment, to effective practices and response to intervention finally ending with practical issues of inclusion, working with families, and teacher preparation. Chapters can be read in order or independently which will allow readers considerable versatility. Chapters in the book include: Legal Issues and Learning Disabilities; Themes and Dimensions of Learning Disabilities; Identification and Assessment of Students with LD; Placement of Students with Learning Disabilities; Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students who have Learning Disabilities; Prevention Strategies for At-Risk Students with Learning Disabilities; ELL Students and Learning Disabilities; Differentiating Instruction and Students with Learning Disabilities; Interventions for CLD Learners with Learning Disabilities; Positive Behavior Supports and Students with Learning Disabilities.
Lawrence R. Jones
Learning from International Public Management Reform
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Governments around the world are criticized as inefficient, ineffective, too large, too costly, overly bureaucratic, overburdened by unnecessary rules, unresponsive to public needs, secretive, undemocratic, invasive into rights of citizens, self-serving, and failing in provision of the quantity and quality of services desired by the taxpaying public. Fiscal stress has plagued many governments, increasing the cry for less costly or just less government. Critics have exerted sustained pressure on politicians and public managers for transformational reform. Recommendations for change have included application of market and economic logic and private sector management methods to government. Managerial reform has been promoted on grounds that the public sector is organized and functions on many of the wrong principles and needs reinvention and renewal. Government reforms in response to reformist pressures have included restraint of spending and tax cuts, sales of public assets, privatization and contracting-out of services, increased performance measurement and auditing, output and outcomes based budgeting, and new accounting and reporting methods. Reform has been accompanied by promises of smaller, less interventionist and more decentralized government, improved efficiency and effectiveness, greater responsiveness and accountability to citizens, increased choice between public and private providers of services, a more 'entrepreneurial' public sector capable of cooperating with business. While it is apparent why politicians and elected officials often support new managerial methods, observers wonder whether the promises of reform can be delivered upon to provide benefits depicted so attractively. Dialogue on this question is active among public management scholars, practitioners, politicians, citizen groups and the media. Substantial elements of this dialogue are represented in this book.
Lawrence R. Jones
Learning from International Public Management Reform
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$195.99
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Governments around the world are criticized as inefficient, ineffective, too large, too costly, overly bureaucratic, overburdened by unnecessary rules, unresponsive to public needs, secretive, undemocratic, invasive into rights of citizens, self-serving, and failing in provision of the quantity and quality of services desired by the taxpaying public. Fiscal stress has plagued many governments, increasing the cry for less costly or just less government. Critics have exerted sustained pressure on politicians and public managers for transformational reform. Recommendations for change have included application of market and economic logic and private sector management methods to government. Managerial reform has been promoted on grounds that the public sector is organized and functions on many of the wrong principles and needs reinvention and renewal. Government reforms in response to reformist pressures have included restraint of spending and tax cuts, sales of public assets, privatization and contracting-out of services, increased performance measurement and auditing, output and outcomes based budgeting, and new accounting and reporting methods. Reform has been accompanied by promises of smaller, less interventionist and more decentralized government, improved efficiency and effectiveness, greater responsiveness and accountability to citizens, increased choice between public and private providers of services, a more 'entrepreneurial' public sector capable of cooperating with business. While it is apparent why politicians and elected officials often support new managerial methods, observers wonder whether the promises of reform can be delivered upon to provide benefits depicted so attractively. Dialogue on this question is active among public management scholars, practitioners, politicians, citizen groups and the media. Substantial elements of this dialogue are represented in this book.
Jere E. Brophy
Learning from Research on Teaching
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This volume is designed to accomplish three primary purposes: illustrate a variety of qualitative methods that researchers have used to study teaching and teacher education; assess the affordances and constraints of these methods and the ways that they focus and shape explorations of teaching; and, illuminate representative questions and findings associated with each method described. The book is organized around three issues that impact research in qualitative paradigms: perspective, methodology, and representation. The first section, 'Perspective: Whom Should I Ask?' explores what can be learned by assessing teaching from different perspectives (teachers, teacher educators, students, parents), emphasizing that the perspective of the respondent influences what we can learn and shapes both our questions and our potential findings. The second section 'Methodology: How Do I Look?' addresses some of the qualitative research strategies that have been used to study teaching, including historical accounts, photos, drawings, and video. The third section, 'Representation: How Do I Show What I Saw?' explores the affordances and constraints of narratives, practical arguments, video ethnography, portfolios, and theater as methods for representing research findings. Qualitative research paradigms typically do not make claims based in the kinds of foundational criteria for generating knowledge that establish bases for generalizability. The book addresses this dilemma by providing findings, insights, and claims from qualitative research that appear to be useful in settings beyond those that generated the data, and thus inform our thinking about teaching and teacher education. In addition, its explorations of the affordances and constraints of qualitative research methods provide insightful and occasionally controversial contributions to our thinking about research on teaching and teacher education.
Peter Reimann
Learning in Humans and Machines
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The book discusses the analysis, comparison and integration of computational approaches to learning and research on human learning. Learning has for some time been an issue of minor importance in the cognitive sciences. It has, however, now become one of the most active research fields in psychology, the neurosciences, and computer science (machine learning). The aim of this book is to provide the reader with an overview of the prolific research on learning throughout the disciplines. The book will not only provide a general overview for those who are new to the field but will also provide specialist knowledge for those who want to learn more about alternative approaches and conceptualizations of learning in other disciplines. The contributing authors are all considered as leading experts in their field and come from the fields of cognitive, computer and educational science. They provide an assessment of the state-of-the-art of research, links between the disciplines, and they highlight the critically important research issues and methodologies, thus providing a basis for future research.
G.M. van der Aalsvoort
Learning Potential Assessment and Cognitive Training
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This text discusses research on learning potential assessment and cognitive training. Moreover, several contributions discuss the relationship between individual learning and social interaction during learning potential assessment. It has five themes, covering research on learning potential assessment and cognitive training. These themes are: theoretical base of LPA, reciprocity in LPA, LPA and cognitive training, cross cultural perspectives, LPA related research and cognitive education.
Joan Bliss
Learning Sites
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Human learning, reasoning and thinking, and the different sites in which these activities take place, are the focus of this book. It presents the results of research into the nature of learning and the influence of different contexts and factors within the context of learning, the constraints that contexts place on reasoning and learning, and the nature of learning when using the tools and artefacts. It also addresses the nature of the influence of technology on learning, focusing especially on information technology and how it can influence any type of learning situation. The book begins by asking whether the context determines the nature of the knowledge to be learned, such that different sets of contextual practices related to the knowledge in question need to be acquired in order for learning to be successful. Next, it describes the forms of reasoning and learning in social and physical contexts, including but not limiting itself to logical reasoning, and asks how particular types of context constrain or activate different forms of reasoning and learning. It then looks at people learning with computers, examining how IT resources enhance or hinder learning. Finally, it compares human learning with learning done by machines in specific contexts.
Peter Davies
Learning to Think
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"Learning to Think: Thinking to Learn" has grown out of a conference organized by the OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI) in July 1989. Its purpose is to discuss and advance the state of knowledge about how young people think and reason. Thinking is a normal activity for every normal human being, ordinary life depends on our ability to think. Thus the prime objectives of formal education in all disciplines have always been the refining and shaping of the powers of thought. This book explores three broad ways of thinking in the context of education, looking firstly at the 'skills' approach, secondly at the 'infusion model' and thirdly at the belief that the traditional disciplines and pedagogy of education already provide for the development of thinking.
M.W. Van Someren
Learning with Multiple Representations
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The book is written in the framework of a European collaborative research programme, Learning in Humans and Machines, funded by the European Science Foundation. The book's purpose is to collect papers on learning declarative knowledge and problem solving skills that involve multiple representations such as verbal, graphical and mathematical representations, knowledge at different levels of abstraction (e.g. qualitative and quantitative, specific cases or general models). One of the goals of the research programme is to demonstrate existing and to initiate new collaboration between educational sciences, psychology and machine learning. The first aim of this book is to give an overview of the state of the art of the topic of learning involving different representations in the form of overview chapters. The book covers approaches to this topic from different perspectives: educational, cognitive modelling and machine learning. It includes both theoretical analyses and studies in application contexts. The second aim of the book is to present current research on these topics and to articulate research issues for future research. This is done in the form of a collection of research papers and two reflective chapters.
David G. Bromley
Leaving Religion and Religious Life: Patterns and Dynamics
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The internationally renowned group of contributors to this volume focus on the patterns and processes connected with leaving religion. The papers range from theoretical analyses of the dynamics underlying religious exiting to case studies examining specific instances of distancing from and departing from a religious lifestyle. "Leaving Religion and Religious Life" provides a much-needed investigation of the problem and its effect on formal religious institutions as well as the individuals who elect to dramatically alter their religious way of life.
Anthony H. Normore
Legal Frontiers in Education
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This book examines issues in educational law and the way leaders, policymakers and policy implementers influence just processes and outcomes in schools. From the lens of professors, attorneys and administrators we explore how lessons learned from the authors' experiences and research might improve the preparation and practice of educational leaders. We examine how leaders can and should be conceived as advocates for justice, especially those with positional power and formal influence. Educational law has both conceptual and empirical qualities. While research on justice often begins with abstract conceptualizations, it is also manifest as tangible and observable activities and behaviours. Thus it follows that law can be studied through a variety of methodological approaches. Depending on the epistemological and/or methodological orientation of a study, justice may be a measurable or observed event, a purely theoretical construct, or a combination of both. Leaders must address questions about law and justice. Of equal importance is how to navigate complex legal issues and how to best engage in the decision-making processes while keeping the best interests of students at the fore.
Jerry Van Hoy
Legal Professions
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During recent decades legal professions have changed dramatically. Legal work has become more specialized, women have entered legal professions in large numbers, and the number of nonwhite legal practitioners has increased. Equally important as the demographic changes among legal professionals, have been movements in several countries to make legal practice more responsive to competitive markets for services - both nationally and globally. This volume introduces a collection of research articles that explore the important changes among legal practitioners in the US, England, Germany and Canada. The articles are organized around three general themes: changes in the structure and organization of legal professions and legal practices (in the US, England and Germany); legal culture, professional time and job satisfaction (in the US and England); and the changing nature of legal work practices in various fields of law. The volume addresses many of the newest and most exciting themes in the sociology of law, including the global law firm, the dilemma of part-time employment for legal professionals, the sociolegal construction of time, and the unique dynamics of legal practices in different fields of law.
Gary D. Libecap
Legal, Regulatory and Policy Changes That Affect Entrepreneurial Midsize Firms
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This is the tenth volume in a series of studies on entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth. The work looks at legal, regulatory and policy changes that affect entrepreneurial midsize firms.
Cathryn Johnson
Legitimacy Processes in Organizations
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The purpose of this volume is to produce a collection of articles by leading social psychologists and organizational scholars that focus on legitimacy processes in organizations. Over the last two decades in social psychology within sociology, scholars have developed legitimacy theories that strive to show how legitimacy processes merge into structures. Also, in organizational research, issues of legitimacy processes are of central concern - for example, in neoinstitutional theory. Therefore, it is worthwhile to devote a volume that will address specifically how these legitimacy processes operate in organizations. This collection of papers will accomplish two goals. First, the contributors will have an opportunity to discuss how legitimacy processes contribute to our understanding of how organizations are structured and how they work. In addition, by examining legitimacy processes, the contributors will be able to explore the micro/macro implications of these processes. Second, this volume should stimulate more discussion between social psychologists and organizational researchers on issues of legitimacy and future directions for understanding legitimacy processes.
Jozsef Borocz
Leisure Migration
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The book opens with an account of recent developments in the economic, political and cultural sociology of international tourism and goes on to analyse the relationships between international tourism and the broad economic determinants of the world system. The book aims to understand "leisure migration" in two principal contexts: the socio-economic hierarchies of society, and the legacy of east-west political alliances. This novel theoretical synthesis combines data at the global, continental, and regional levels of tourism, focusing particularly on Austria and Hungary - one of the most exciting areas of Europe - where the social, political, cultural and economic boundaries of the emerging European integration are being contested and redrawn today. In adopting an eclectic research strategy, including historical narrative, content analysis, linguistic history, statistical modelling, and fieldwork observation, the book breaks new ground with regard to the empirical material it covers, and is a timely and relevant contribution to the advancement of this debate.
Constantin Gurdgiev
Lessons from the Great Recession
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Lessons from the Great Recession: At the Crossroads of Sustainability and Recovery examines global cases of environmental sustainability and economics in the context of nations from multi-disciplinary perspectives. The book discusses the high costs of decisions taken in response to the recent economic crises, which as a result have created a lack of investment in environmental and developmental considerations. This volume analyses the problems faced globally as economies try to build a sustainable future in the aftermath of the 'Great Recession'. The book observes concepts of sustainability in the post-recession and post-bailout world around aspects such as Fiscal / economic / social sustainability; Financial sustainability (sector risks etc.); Environmental sustainability. Chapters scrutinise the relationships between nations and supra state agencies such as the UN, EU, IMF etc. in the context of economic crises.
David J. Leon
Lessons in Leadership
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A largely unseen phenomenon is shaping the direction of higher education today: the growth of leadership programs. These programs are hidden ladders that help the talented move up toward university presidencies. Their number and importance are rapidly increasing, and they will more and more determine who makes decisions in higher education. We need to know more about them. "Lessons in Leadership" is the first book to address them directly, highlighting their histories and achievements. In it, the directors of most major programs in the country describe their focus, curriculum, and participants' reactions. The book especially spotlights programs aimed at minorities, since they stand to benefit most from them and since their participation will likely have the greatest impact on U.S. higher education. This volume has three sections: Hidden Springboard - The Importance of Leadership Programs; The First Wave - Traditional Leadership Programs; and, The New Leaders - Programs Focused Entirely on Minorities. The first analyzes the rapid demographic changes occurring in American society and their consequences for higher education. The second looks at two of the major players in higher education leadership and describes the changes in the programs over the years. The third focuses on the latest entrants: programs created in part because of the lack of diversity in the traditional offerings. Although the new programs share many features with their older brothers, they provide special perspective on the challenges facing minority administrators in higher education. Leadership programs are an intriguing, important, half-concealed force in higher education today. "Lessons in Leadership" reveals them to a wider public.
Anne Woodsworth
Librarianship in Times of Crisis
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The field of librarianship has undergone traumatic shifts (mostly downward) due to the global financial meltdown that began in the fall of 2008. Libraries have been deeply affected by the worst recession since the Great Depression. While "Advances in Librarianship" endeavors to identify trends and innovations, the trend addressed in this volume is admittedly not a happy one. The current climate does however, present opportunities for analysis, and far reaching searches for solutions and innovations that can alleviate the challenges created by the clash of fiscal retrenchment with steadily increasing use of libraries. Therefore this volume addresses the ripple effects of the economic recession from the point of view of librarianship, the need for advocacy, and the necessity to tout the value that libraries bring to their communities. Chapters focus on identifying means to change library and library related organizations so that they focus on distinctive assets and strengths, use free or low cost resources and technologies, and position themselves to take advantage of collaborative initiatives.
Amanda Spink
Library and Information Science Trends and Research
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"Library and Information Science Trends and Research: Europe", co-edited by Professor Amanda Spink and Dr. Jannica Heinstrom provides an understanding of the new directions in library and information science/management, education and research in Europe. The volume focuses on new research directions within the field but will also discuss curriculum changes due to the rapidly developing information world. Europe has developed substantially both socially and economically in the last ten years with a growing population and economy. The field of library and information science/management has also grown in educational and research developments as information increasingly has become a part of people's everyday social and life processes. This book is directly relevant to information scientists, information professionals and librarians, social scientists and people interested in understanding more about the trends and research in library and information science/management in the European region. Undergraduate and graduate students, academics, educators, and information professionals interested in library and information science will find this book of particular benefit.
